Template:POTD/2009-04-28
An ijazah certifying competency to teach Islamic calligraphy, 1206 AH/1791 CE. The ijazah qualification, which indicates that one has been authorized by a higher authority to transmit a certain subject or text of Islamic knowledge, appeared in the 9th century and is considered to be the first academic degree.Image credit: 'Ali Ra'if Efendi