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Wilhelm Róbert Wessman
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{{Infobox person
'''Juan María Guelbenzu Fernández''' was a Spanish pianist and composer. <ref>{{cite book |last1=García Fernández |first1=Eva |title=Juan María Guelbenzu (1819-1886): estudio biográfico y analítico de su obra musical |date=2011 |url=https://digibuo.uniovi.es/dspace/handle/10651/12680}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book |last1=Galdós |first1=Benito Pérez |title=Fortunata y Jacinta: (dos historias de casadas) |date=1979 |publisher=Hernando |isbn=978-84-7155-276-1 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Fortunata_y_Jacinta/zvErAAAAMAAJ?h |language=es}}</ref>
| name = Róbert Wessman
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Wilhelm Róbert Wessman
| education = [[Menntaskólinn við Sund]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Iceland]]
| occupation = [[Entrepreneur]] <br> [[Business Executive]]
| years_active =
| organization = [[Alvogen]] <br> Actavis
| known_for = CEO of [[Alvogen]]
| notable_works =
| awards =
}}


'''Wilhelm Róbert Wessman''' (born 4 October 1969 ) is an [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] [[business executive]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Robert Wessman named top CEO in the pharmaceuticals industry|url=https://www.europeanceo.com/business-and-management/robert-wessman-named-top-ceo-in-the-pharmaceuticals-industry/|access-date=2021-08-22|language=en-US}}</ref> and founder of the pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies Alvotech and [[Alvogen]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet the Chairman - Alvotech|url=https://www.alvotech.com/company/meet-the-chairman|access-date=2021-08-22|website=www.alvotech.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alvotech breaks Ground for Biosimilar Development Facility|url=https://www.centerforbiosimilars.com/view/alvotech-breaks-ground-for-biosimilar-development-facility|access-date=2021-08-22|website=The Center For Biosimilars}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The story of Alvogen and the founding of a pharma empire|url=https://www.worldfinance.com/markets/the-story-of-alvogen-and-the-founding-of-a-pharma-empire|access-date=2021-08-22|website=www.worldfinance.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2009-07-29|title=Pharma's "Viking boss" makes generic-drug comeback|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/wessman-generics-idUSLR31785920090729|access-date=2021-08-22}}</ref>
== Biography ==
He was born in [[Pamplona]], [[Navarra]] 27th December 1819. Juan had been close with composers [[Chopin]], [[Thalberg]] and [[Liszt]]. He started to study piano at [[Pamplona]] and then at the [[Madrid Conservatory]], where he won the piano prize. After that, he moved on a scholarship to [[Paris]]. In 1841 he replaced [[Pedro Albéniz]] as organist at the [[Royal Palace of Madrid]]. He was the piano teacher for the [[Infanta Isabel, Countess of Girgenti]] and her sisters. <ref>{{cite book |last1=Subirá |first1=José |title=La música en la Academia: historia de una sección |date=1980 |publisher=Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando |isbn=978-84-600-2076-9 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/La_m%C3%BAsica_en_la_Academia/mivsAAAAMAAJ?h |language=es}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book |last1=Powell |first1=Linton |title=A History of Spanish Piano Music |date=1980 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=978-0-253-18114-5 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/A_History_of_Spanish_Piano_Music/G-oIAQAAMAAJ?hl |language=en}}</ref>


== Early Life ==
Fernández had been Involved in the development of [[Symphonie espagnole|Spanish symphony]] and in the promotion of German music. In November 13, 1844, he played [[piano four hands]] with [[Franz Liszt]] at the [[Teatro del Príncipe]](now the [[Teatro Español (Madrid)]]), in Madrid. During this time, he also came in contact with the composer [[Mikhail Glinka]] while his visit to Barcelona. He co-founded the [[Sociedad de Cuartetos]] in 1863 with [[Jesús de Monasterio]], of which he was a regular pianist.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fernández |first1=María Eva García |title=Juan María Guelbenzu (1819-1886): estudio biográfico y análitico de su obra musical |url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/tesis?codigo=67837 |publisher=Universidad de Oviedo |language=es |date=2011}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book |last1=Ugalde |first1=Martín de |title=Historia de Euskadi |date=1981 |publisher=Cupsa |isbn=978-84-390-0213-0 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Historia_de_Euskadi/7uApAQAAMAAJ?h |language=es}}</ref>
Wessman was born in [[Reykjavík]] on 4th October 1969 to Wilhelm Wessman, a business person and Ólöf Svafarsdóttir Wessman, a beautician.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Meet our CEO - Alvogen|url=https://www.alvogen.com/about-robert-wessman|access-date=2021-08-22|website=www.alvogen.com|language=en}}</ref> He grew up on [[Seltjarnarnes]] until he was six years old but then moved to [[Mosfellsbær]]. He did his schooling from [[Menntaskólinn við Sund]] and has done his bachelors in business administration from the [[University of Iceland]] in 1993. After graduating, he started working for Samskip where he worked for seven years, first in the finance department and later in the sales department and finally served as the CEO of the firm and moved tp Germany.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-02-10|title=Startup Iceland - Building a vibrant, sustainable and antifragile entrepreneurial ecosystem in Iceland - Robert Wessman – Startup Iceland 2015 – Speaker Profile|url=https://startupiceland.com/2015/02/10/robert-wessman-startup-iceland-2015-speaker-profile/|access-date=2021-08-22|website=Startup Iceland|language=en}}</ref> During that time he also taught mathematics on part time basis at the [[University of Iceland]].<ref name=":0" />


== Pharmaceutical Careeer ==
Fernández also developed a remarkable career as a composer, working from [[Romanticism]] and to [[Musical_nationalism#Spain|Spanish musical nationalism]]. He assiduously used the [[Zortziko]] and the [[Jota (music)|Jota]] as cultured musical forms, highlighting among his works intimate pieces for piano, such as En la cuna (Canto para mi hijo) or Romanza sin Palabras.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Draayer |first1=Suzanne Rhodes |title=Art Song Composers of Spain: An Encyclopedia |date=2009-03-26 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6719-2 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Art_Song_Composers_of_Spain/xIfR0UnAKxwC?h |language=en}}</ref> He was the member of the Music section of the [[Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando]]. [[King Alfonso XII]] awarded him the great cross of the [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]], and the King of Portugal made him a Knight of the [[Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa]]. His entire musical works are kept in the [[Biblioteca Nacional de España]]. <ref>{{cite book |last1=Starr |first1=S. Frederick |title=Louis Moreau Gottschalk |date=2000 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=978-0-252-06876-8 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Louis_Moreau_Gottschalk/KupZP6mVfC0C?h |language=en}}</ref>
Wessman started working in the pharmaceutical sector in 1999 as he was appointed CEO of Delta. Delta later merged with Pharmaco and subsequently renamed as Actavis in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Board-member {{!}} Lotus|url=http://www.lotuspharm.com/investors/board-of-directors/board-member/Robert_Wessman|access-date=2021-08-22|website=LotusPharm|language=en}}</ref> In the same year, Wessman took over as CEO of Actavis and held the position until 2008. In 2008, [[Daniel Isenberg]] from [[Harvard Business School]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alvogen - Case - Faculty & Research - Harvard Business School|url=https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=50303|access-date=2021-08-22|website=www.hbs.edu}}</ref> published a case study based on the performance of Actavis during the tenure of Wessman as the CEO.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harvard Business School Publishes a Case Study on Robert Wessman and Actavis|url=https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/healthcare/harvard-business-school-publishes-a-case-study-robert-wessman-and-actavis|access-date=2021-08-22|website=FierceHealthcare|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Robert Wessman and Actavis' "Winning Formula" ^ 808127|url=https://store.hbr.org/product/robert-wessman-and-actavis-winning-formula/808127|access-date=2021-08-22|website=HBR Store|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=The winning formula for a generics business|url=https://www.pharmtech.com/view/winning-formula-generics-business|access-date=2021-08-22|website=PharmTech}}</ref>


In 2009 Wessman founded the biotechnology company [[Alvogen]], which is headquartered in Vatnsmýri in Reykjavík. The actual ownership of the company was somewhat unclear for around a decade's time. In 2018 [[Morgunblaðið]] published a report showing that one third of the Alvogen's share belonged to a private firm that Wessman had established on the offshore island of Jersey in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ljósi varpað á eignarhald Alvogen|url=https://www.mbl.is/vidskipti/frettir/2018/03/10/ljosi_varpad_a_eignarhald_alvogen/|access-date=2021-08-22|website=www.mbl.is|language=is}}</ref>
He died on January 8th, 1886 in Madrid. The name of a street in his hometown [[Pamplona]], was dedicated to him in his memory.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Díez |first1=José Joaquín Arazuri |title=Pamplona, calles y barrios |date=1980 |isbn=978-84-300-1635-8 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Pamplona_calles_y_barrios/HRBXAAAAYAAJ?h |language=es}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book |title=Revista de musicología |date=2006 |publisher=La Sociedad |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Revista_de_musicolog%C3%ADa/oG49AQAAIAAJ?hl |language=es}}</ref>


== Notes ==
== Controversy ==
In March 2021 Wessman had been said to have replaced a number of middle tier managers within a short period of time. Soon after such reshuffling, one of Wessman's former colleagues at Alvotech made serious allegations in which he criticized Wessman's governance and misconduct while accusing him for abusive and bullying behavior over a period of years.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-30|title=Former Alvogen employee has demanded the removal of the CEO|url=https://nordiclifescience.org/former-alvogen-employee-has-demanded-the-removal-of-the-ceo/|access-date=2021-08-22|website=Nordic Life Science – the leading Nordic life science news service|language=en-US}}</ref> In a statement to the [[Bloomberg News|Bloomberg]], the concerned executive alleged that he has "personally experienced and witnessed numerous instances of inappropriate behavior by Wessman" from 2010 till his last day in the company.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Drugmaker CEO Cleared After Former Executive Alleged Bullying|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-29/drugmaker-ceo-cleared-after-former-executive-alleged-bullying|url-status=live|access-date=2021-08-22|website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> Alvogen's board instructed to conduct an internal review and investigated Wessman's behavior and did not see any reason to take further action against him. In April 2021, Alvogen has sued the employee for alleged breach of confidentiality.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-07|title=Alvogen stefnir Halldóri Kristmanssyni|url=https://www.ruv.is/frett/2021/04/07/alvogen-stefnir-halldori-kristmanssyni|access-date=2021-08-22|website=RÚV|language=is}}</ref> The allegations against Wessman also included making death threats to his former colleagues, as an SMS chat thread between Wessman and one of his colleagues revealed Wessman making the comment "You are dead I promise".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Halldór segist ekki hafa gert fjárkröfur á Alvogen|url=https://www.mbl.is/vidskipti/frettir/2021/03/29/halldor_segist_ekki_hafa_gert_fjarkrofur_a_alvogen/|access-date=2021-08-22|website=www.mbl.is|language=is}}</ref> As such allegations came into the news, Alvogen's spokesperson apologised on Wessman’s behalf in June 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SMS Róberts til fyrrverandi samstarfsmanna sinna: „Þú ert dauður ég lofa“|url=https://stundin.is/grein/13172/|access-date=2021-08-22|website=Stundin}}</ref>


== References ==
* Ugalde, Martín de. Historia de Euskadi. Spain, Cupsa, 1981.
* Folkart, Jessica A.. Angles on Otherness in Post-Franco Spain: The Fiction of Cristina Fernández Cubas. United Kingdom, Bucknell University Press, 2002.
* Sherzer, William M.. The Spanish Literary Generation of 1968: José María Guelbenzu, Lourdes Ortiz, and Ana María Moix. United States, University Press of America, 2012.
* Bouju, Emmanuel. Réinventer la littérature: démocratisation et modèles romanesques dans l'Espagne post-franquiste. France, Presses universitaires du Mirail, 2002.
* Royer, Lydie. José Maria Guelbenzu: Un rénovateur de l'écriture du roman espagnol contemporain : du roman expérimentaliste, el mercurio, 1968, au roman d'intrigue, no acosen al asesino, 2001. France, Publibook, 2007.
* Santa Cecilia, Carlos G.. La recepción de James Joyce en la prensa española: 1921-1976. Spain, Universidad de Sevilla, Secretariado de Publicaciones, 1997.


==Reference==
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Revision as of 16:06, 22 August 2021

Róbert Wessman
Born
Wilhelm Róbert Wessman
EducationMenntaskólinn við Sund
Alma materUniversity of Iceland
Occupation(s)Entrepreneur
Business Executive
Organization(s)Alvogen
Actavis
Known forCEO of Alvogen

Wilhelm Róbert Wessman (born 4 October 1969 ) is an Icelandic business executive[1] and founder of the pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies Alvotech and Alvogen.[2][3][4][5]

Early Life

Wessman was born in Reykjavík on 4th October 1969 to Wilhelm Wessman, a business person and Ólöf Svafarsdóttir Wessman, a beautician.[6] He grew up on Seltjarnarnes until he was six years old but then moved to Mosfellsbær. He did his schooling from Menntaskólinn við Sund and has done his bachelors in business administration from the University of Iceland in 1993. After graduating, he started working for Samskip where he worked for seven years, first in the finance department and later in the sales department and finally served as the CEO of the firm and moved tp Germany.[7] During that time he also taught mathematics on part time basis at the University of Iceland.[6]

Pharmaceutical Careeer

Wessman started working in the pharmaceutical sector in 1999 as he was appointed CEO of Delta. Delta later merged with Pharmaco and subsequently renamed as Actavis in 2002.[8] In the same year, Wessman took over as CEO of Actavis and held the position until 2008. In 2008, Daniel Isenberg from Harvard Business School[9] published a case study based on the performance of Actavis during the tenure of Wessman as the CEO.[10][11] [12]

In 2009 Wessman founded the biotechnology company Alvogen, which is headquartered in Vatnsmýri in Reykjavík. The actual ownership of the company was somewhat unclear for around a decade's time. In 2018 Morgunblaðið published a report showing that one third of the Alvogen's share belonged to a private firm that Wessman had established on the offshore island of Jersey in 2015.[13]

Controversy

In March 2021 Wessman had been said to have replaced a number of middle tier managers within a short period of time. Soon after such reshuffling, one of Wessman's former colleagues at Alvotech made serious allegations in which he criticized Wessman's governance and misconduct while accusing him for abusive and bullying behavior over a period of years.[14] In a statement to the Bloomberg, the concerned executive alleged that he has "personally experienced and witnessed numerous instances of inappropriate behavior by Wessman" from 2010 till his last day in the company.[15] Alvogen's board instructed to conduct an internal review and investigated Wessman's behavior and did not see any reason to take further action against him. In April 2021, Alvogen has sued the employee for alleged breach of confidentiality.[16] The allegations against Wessman also included making death threats to his former colleagues, as an SMS chat thread between Wessman and one of his colleagues revealed Wessman making the comment "You are dead I promise".[17] As such allegations came into the news, Alvogen's spokesperson apologised on Wessman’s behalf in June 2021.[18]

References

  1. ^ "Robert Wessman named top CEO in the pharmaceuticals industry". Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  2. ^ "Meet the Chairman - Alvotech". www.alvotech.com. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  3. ^ "Alvotech breaks Ground for Biosimilar Development Facility". The Center For Biosimilars. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  4. ^ "The story of Alvogen and the founding of a pharma empire". www.worldfinance.com. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  5. ^ "Pharma's "Viking boss" makes generic-drug comeback". Reuters. 2009-07-29. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  6. ^ a b "Meet our CEO - Alvogen". www.alvogen.com. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  7. ^ "Startup Iceland - Building a vibrant, sustainable and antifragile entrepreneurial ecosystem in Iceland - Robert Wessman – Startup Iceland 2015 – Speaker Profile". Startup Iceland. 2015-02-10. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  8. ^ "Board-member | Lotus". LotusPharm. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  9. ^ "Alvogen - Case - Faculty & Research - Harvard Business School". www.hbs.edu. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  10. ^ "Harvard Business School Publishes a Case Study on Robert Wessman and Actavis". FierceHealthcare. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  11. ^ "Robert Wessman and Actavis' "Winning Formula" ^ 808127". HBR Store. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  12. ^ "The winning formula for a generics business". PharmTech. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  13. ^ "Ljósi varpað á eignarhald Alvogen". www.mbl.is (in Icelandic). Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  14. ^ "Former Alvogen employee has demanded the removal of the CEO". Nordic Life Science – the leading Nordic life science news service. 2021-03-30. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  15. ^ "Drugmaker CEO Cleared After Former Executive Alleged Bullying". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2021-08-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. ^ "Alvogen stefnir Halldóri Kristmanssyni". RÚV (in Icelandic). 2021-04-07. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  17. ^ "Halldór segist ekki hafa gert fjárkröfur á Alvogen". www.mbl.is (in Icelandic). Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  18. ^ "SMS Róberts til fyrrverandi samstarfsmanna sinna: „Þú ert dauður ég lofa"". Stundin. Retrieved 2021-08-22.

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