User:Sunnya343/sandbox: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 6: Line 6:
In 2003, [[TAV Airports Holding|Tepe-Akfen-Vie]] (TAV), a Turkish-led consortium, reached an agreement with the reformist administration of [[Mohammad Khatami]] to operate the terminal and construct a second one.<ref name="re504">{{cite news | url=https://www.haaretz.com/2004-05-11/ty-article/iran-army-lifts-objection-to-new-tehran-airport/0000017f-db73-d856-a37f-fff3e0c00000 | title=Iran Army Lifts Objection to New Tehran Airport | work=Haaretz | date=11 May 2004 | agency=Reuters | accessdate=19 April 2024 | archiveurl=https://archive.ph/Z5c7a | archivedate=27 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="ws205">{{cite news | title=Tougher Sell: Iran, Flush With Oil Cash, Seems To Cool to Foreign Investments | work=The Wall Street Journal | date=8 February 2005 | author=Champion, Marc | id={{ProQuest|398971134}}}}</ref> It made an initial investment of {{US$|15}}{{nbsp}}million in the project.<ref name="ws205" /> The deal symbolised a shift away from the viewpoint in the government that foreign investment was a form of [[imperialism]].<ref name="wp804">{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2004/08/10/politics-on-collision-course-at-shuttered-iranian-airport/bc0454bb-de0d-4326-89bf-910fe12791a8/ | title=Politics on Collision Course At Shuttered Iranian Airport | work=The Washington Post | date=9 August 2004 | accessdate=8 April 2024 | author=Vick, Karl}}</ref> President Khatami inaugurated the airport on 1 February 2004 during celebrations marking the 25th anniversary of the revolution.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2004-02-01-15-iranian/305019.html | title=Iranian Revolution Anniversary Celebrations Start with Opening of Khomeini Airport | work=Voice of America | date=1 February 2004 | accessdate=8 April 2024 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408221201/https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2004-02-01-15-iranian/305019.html | archivedate=8 April 2024}}</ref> The plan was for it to handle all international flights to Tehran.<ref name="ei204">{{cite news | title=New international airport opens near Tehran | work=Economist Intelligence Unit | date=17 February 2004 | id={{ProQuest|466840202}}}}</ref> Officials wanted the airport to represent Iran's opening to the international community and hoped it would become the largest in the Middle East.<ref name="ft700" /><ref name="wp804" /> The [[Economist Intelligence Unit]] commented that the [[Dubai International Airport|Dubai airport]] already served as a [[airline hub|hub]] in the region and that the new airport was unlikely to overcome existing barriers to tourism such as the government's rigid social rules.<ref name="ei204" />
In 2003, [[TAV Airports Holding|Tepe-Akfen-Vie]] (TAV), a Turkish-led consortium, reached an agreement with the reformist administration of [[Mohammad Khatami]] to operate the terminal and construct a second one.<ref name="re504">{{cite news | url=https://www.haaretz.com/2004-05-11/ty-article/iran-army-lifts-objection-to-new-tehran-airport/0000017f-db73-d856-a37f-fff3e0c00000 | title=Iran Army Lifts Objection to New Tehran Airport | work=Haaretz | date=11 May 2004 | agency=Reuters | accessdate=19 April 2024 | archiveurl=https://archive.ph/Z5c7a | archivedate=27 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="ws205">{{cite news | title=Tougher Sell: Iran, Flush With Oil Cash, Seems To Cool to Foreign Investments | work=The Wall Street Journal | date=8 February 2005 | author=Champion, Marc | id={{ProQuest|398971134}}}}</ref> It made an initial investment of {{US$|15}}{{nbsp}}million in the project.<ref name="ws205" /> The deal symbolised a shift away from the viewpoint in the government that foreign investment was a form of [[imperialism]].<ref name="wp804">{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2004/08/10/politics-on-collision-course-at-shuttered-iranian-airport/bc0454bb-de0d-4326-89bf-910fe12791a8/ | title=Politics on Collision Course At Shuttered Iranian Airport | work=The Washington Post | date=9 August 2004 | accessdate=8 April 2024 | author=Vick, Karl}}</ref> President Khatami inaugurated the airport on 1 February 2004 during celebrations marking the 25th anniversary of the revolution.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2004-02-01-15-iranian/305019.html | title=Iranian Revolution Anniversary Celebrations Start with Opening of Khomeini Airport | work=Voice of America | date=1 February 2004 | accessdate=8 April 2024 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408221201/https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2004-02-01-15-iranian/305019.html | archivedate=8 April 2024}}</ref> The plan was for it to handle all international flights to Tehran.<ref name="ei204">{{cite news | title=New international airport opens near Tehran | work=Economist Intelligence Unit | date=17 February 2004 | id={{ProQuest|466840202}}}}</ref> Officials wanted the airport to represent Iran's opening to the international community and hoped it would become the largest in the Middle East.<ref name="ft700" /><ref name="wp804" /> The [[Economist Intelligence Unit]] commented that the [[Dubai International Airport|Dubai airport]] already served as a [[airline hub|hub]] in the region and that the new airport was unlikely to overcome existing barriers to tourism such as the government's rigid social rules.<ref name="ei204" />


Some Iranians including the directors of two airlines objected to the deal with TAV. Their primary concern was that Turkey had links to Iran's foe Israel.<ref name="ab604">{{cite news | url=https://www.arabianbusiness.com/abnews/iranian-army-closes-new-airport-on-opening-day-206046 | title=Iranian army closes new airport on opening day | work=Arabian Business | date=6 June 2004 | accessdate=8 April 2024 | author=Denslow, Neil | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330175522/https://www.arabianbusiness.com/abnews/iranian-army-closes-new-airport-on-opening-day-206046 | archivedate=30 March 2024}}</ref> On 7 May 2004, the military forced TAV's staff to leave the premises with their equipment and granted management of the facility to [[Iran Air]].<ref name="re504" /> The following day, an [[Emirates (airline)|Emirates]] flight from Dubai became the first to land. Hours later, however, the [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] (IRGC) closed the airport by driving tanks onto the runway.<ref name="wp804" /><ref name="af504c">{{cite news | title=Army keeps Tehran's new airport shut amid security row over foreign role | date=9 May 2004 | work=Agence France-Presse | author=Ghazi, Siavosh}}</ref> It threatened to use [[anti-aircraft fire]] against the second incoming flight, which fighter jets escorted to Isfahan.<ref name="ab604" /><ref name="af504c" /> The rest of the flights were diverted to Mehrabad.<ref name="ab604" /> The guards said it was unsafe and an affront to national dignity for foreigners to be in charge of the largest airport in Iran.<ref name="wp804" /><ref>{{cite news | title=In Iran, Terrorism Remains A Matter of Perspective | work=The Washington Post | date=22 June 2004 | author=Vick, Karl | id={{ProQuest|409682809}}}}</ref> Conservatives in parliament stated that the consortium had done business with Israel. TAV responded that it had no association with the country.<ref name="ws205" />
Some Iranians including the directors of two airlines objected to the deal with TAV. Their primary concern was that Turkey had links to Iran's foe Israel.<ref name="ab604">{{cite news | url=https://www.arabianbusiness.com/abnews/iranian-army-closes-new-airport-on-opening-day-206046 | title=Iranian army closes new airport on opening day | work=Arabian Business | date=6 June 2004 | accessdate=8 April 2024 | author=Denslow, Neil | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330175522/https://www.arabianbusiness.com/abnews/iranian-army-closes-new-airport-on-opening-day-206046 | archivedate=30 March 2024}}</ref> On 7 May 2004, the military forced TAV's staff to leave the premises with their equipment and granted management of the facility to [[Iran Air]].<ref name="re504" /> The following day, an [[Emirates (airline)|Emirates]] flight from Dubai became the first to land. Hours later, however, the [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] closed the airport by driving tanks onto the runway.<ref name="wp804" /><ref name="af504c">{{cite news | title=Army keeps Tehran's new airport shut amid security row over foreign role | date=9 May 2004 | work=Agence France-Presse | author=Ghazi, Siavosh}}</ref> It threatened to use [[anti-aircraft fire]] against the second incoming flight, which fighter jets escorted to Isfahan.<ref name="ab604" /><ref name="af504c" /> The rest of the flights were diverted to Mehrabad.<ref name="ab604" /> The guards said it was unsafe and an affront to national dignity for foreigners to be in charge of the largest airport in Iran.<ref name="wp804" /><ref>{{cite news | title=In Iran, Terrorism Remains A Matter of Perspective | work=The Washington Post | date=22 June 2004 | author=Vick, Karl | id={{ProQuest|409682809}}}}</ref> Conservatives in parliament stated that the consortium had done business with Israel. TAV responded that it had no association with the country.<ref name="ws205" />


Later that year, the conservative-dominated parliament impeached Khatami's minister of transportation, [[Ahmad Khorram]], partly because of the TAV contract.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/04/world/middleeast/legislators-in-iran-dismiss-khatami-ally.html | title=Legislators in Iran Dismiss Khatami Ally | work=The New York Times | date=3 October 2004 | accessdate=20 April 2024 | author=Fathi, Nazila}}</ref> It also granted itself the right to veto the deal and another one that the government had signed with a Turkish firm. The contract was ultimately annulled.<ref>{{cite news | title=Iran: Investment regulations | work=Economist Intelligence Unit | date=4 April 2006 | id={{ProQuest|466637039}}}}</ref> The incident soured relations between Iran and Turkey.<ref name="af405a">{{cite news | title=Iran's new airport to reopen April 30 -- but no foreign help | date=5 April 2005 | work=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> According to [[Ray Takeyh]], a fellow at the [[Council on Foreign Relations]], the likely reason for the closure was that "the local interest, particularly Revolutionary Guards, desired a greater share of the profits".<ref name="jp605">{{cite news | title=All clear for takeoff at Teheran's 'Zionist-free' airport | work=The Jerusalem Post | date=12 June 2005 | author=Halpern, Orly | id={{ProQuest|319482419}}}}</ref> ''[[The Guardian]]'' and ''[[The Washington Post]]'' made similar comments.<ref name="wp804" /><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/feb/15/financial-power-revolutionary-guard | title=The financial power of the Revolutionary Guards | work=The Guardian | date=15 February 2010 | accessdate=23 April 2024 | last1=Borger | first1=Julian | last2=Tait | first2=Robert}}</ref> The latter also described the airport as a symbol of the divide between those Iranians who wanted to engage more with the world and those who did not.<ref name="wp804" />
Later that year, the conservative-dominated parliament impeached Khatami's minister of transportation, [[Ahmad Khorram]], partly because of the TAV contract.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/04/world/middleeast/legislators-in-iran-dismiss-khatami-ally.html | title=Legislators in Iran Dismiss Khatami Ally | work=The New York Times | date=3 October 2004 | accessdate=20 April 2024 | author=Fathi, Nazila}}</ref> It also granted itself the right to veto the deal and another one that the government had signed with a Turkish firm. The agreement with TAV was ultimately annulled.<ref>{{cite news | title=Iran: Investment regulations | work=Economist Intelligence Unit | date=4 April 2006 | id={{ProQuest|466637039}}}}</ref> The incident soured relations between Iran and Turkey.<ref name="af405a">{{cite news | title=Iran's new airport to reopen April 30 -- but no foreign help | date=5 April 2005 | work=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> According to [[Ray Takeyh]], a fellow at the [[Council on Foreign Relations]], the likely reason for the closure was that "the local interest, particularly Revolutionary Guards, desired a greater share of the profits".<ref name="jp605">{{cite news | title=All clear for takeoff at Teheran's 'Zionist-free' airport | work=The Jerusalem Post | date=12 June 2005 | author=Halpern, Orly | id={{ProQuest|319482419}}}}</ref> ''[[The Guardian]]'' and ''[[The Washington Post]]'' made similar comments.<ref name="wp804" /><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/feb/15/financial-power-revolutionary-guard | title=The financial power of the Revolutionary Guards | work=The Guardian | date=15 February 2010 | accessdate=23 April 2024 | last1=Borger | first1=Julian | last2=Tait | first2=Robert}}</ref> The latter also described the airport as a symbol of the divide between those Iranians who wanted to engage more with the world and those who did not.<ref name="wp804" />


--
--

Revision as of 16:36, 27 April 2024

[1]

In 2003, Tepe-Akfen-Vie (TAV), a Turkish-led consortium, reached an agreement with the reformist administration of Mohammad Khatami to operate the terminal and construct a second one.[2][3] It made an initial investment of US$15 million in the project.[3] The deal symbolised a shift away from the viewpoint in the government that foreign investment was a form of imperialism.[4] President Khatami inaugurated the airport on 1 February 2004 during celebrations marking the 25th anniversary of the revolution.[5] The plan was for it to handle all international flights to Tehran.[6] Officials wanted the airport to represent Iran's opening to the international community and hoped it would become the largest in the Middle East.[7][4] The Economist Intelligence Unit commented that the Dubai airport already served as a hub in the region and that the new airport was unlikely to overcome existing barriers to tourism such as the government's rigid social rules.[6]

Some Iranians including the directors of two airlines objected to the deal with TAV. Their primary concern was that Turkey had links to Iran's foe Israel.[8] On 7 May 2004, the military forced TAV's staff to leave the premises with their equipment and granted management of the facility to Iran Air.[2] The following day, an Emirates flight from Dubai became the first to land. Hours later, however, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps closed the airport by driving tanks onto the runway.[4][9] It threatened to use anti-aircraft fire against the second incoming flight, which fighter jets escorted to Isfahan.[8][9] The rest of the flights were diverted to Mehrabad.[8] The guards said it was unsafe and an affront to national dignity for foreigners to be in charge of the largest airport in Iran.[4][10] Conservatives in parliament stated that the consortium had done business with Israel. TAV responded that it had no association with the country.[3]

Later that year, the conservative-dominated parliament impeached Khatami's minister of transportation, Ahmad Khorram, partly because of the TAV contract.[11] It also granted itself the right to veto the deal and another one that the government had signed with a Turkish firm. The agreement with TAV was ultimately annulled.[12] The incident soured relations between Iran and Turkey.[13] According to Ray Takeyh, a fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, the likely reason for the closure was that "the local interest, particularly Revolutionary Guards, desired a greater share of the profits".[14] The Guardian and The Washington Post made similar comments.[4][15] The latter also described the airport as a symbol of the divide between those Iranians who wanted to engage more with the world and those who did not.[4]

--

Seeking to attract European tourists, Malaysia Airlines commenced direct flights from London's Heathrow Airport to Langkawi in October 2003.[16]

Malaysia Airlines inaugurated service from London's Heathrow Airport to Penang in October 2003. The route was targeted at European holidaymakers.[17][18] Nonstop flights in the opposite direction were not offered.[19]

  • translation

After the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran during World War II, two runways were built.[20]

A new terminal opened in August 1958, with Reza Shah cutting the ribbon at the inauguration ceremony.[21] In the 1960s, the United States Army Corps of Engineers finished work on the airport's paved surfaces, which included adding taxiways and enlarging the apron.[22][23]

On 5 December 1974, the roof collapsed on the main lounge of the terminal after a heavy snowfall, killing 16 people.[24][25]

  1. ^ Smyth, Gareth (3 May 2005). "Low-key opening for Tehran airport reflects political sensitivities". Financial Times. ProQuest 249607984.
  2. ^ a b "Iran Army Lifts Objection to New Tehran Airport". Haaretz. Reuters. 11 May 2004. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  3. ^ a b c Champion, Marc (8 February 2005). "Tougher Sell: Iran, Flush With Oil Cash, Seems To Cool to Foreign Investments". The Wall Street Journal. ProQuest 398971134.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Vick, Karl (9 August 2004). "Politics on Collision Course At Shuttered Iranian Airport". The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  5. ^ "Iranian Revolution Anniversary Celebrations Start with Opening of Khomeini Airport". Voice of America. 1 February 2004. Archived from the original on 8 April 2024. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  6. ^ a b "New international airport opens near Tehran". Economist Intelligence Unit. 17 February 2004. ProQuest 466840202.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference ft700 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b c Denslow, Neil (6 June 2004). "Iranian army closes new airport on opening day". Arabian Business. Archived from the original on 30 March 2024. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  9. ^ a b Ghazi, Siavosh (9 May 2004). "Army keeps Tehran's new airport shut amid security row over foreign role". Agence France-Presse.
  10. ^ Vick, Karl (22 June 2004). "In Iran, Terrorism Remains A Matter of Perspective". The Washington Post. ProQuest 409682809.
  11. ^ Fathi, Nazila (3 October 2004). "Legislators in Iran Dismiss Khatami Ally". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
  12. ^ "Iran: Investment regulations". Economist Intelligence Unit. 4 April 2006. ProQuest 466637039.
  13. ^ "Iran's new airport to reopen April 30 -- but no foreign help". Agence France-Presse. 5 April 2005.
  14. ^ Halpern, Orly (12 June 2005). "All clear for takeoff at Teheran's 'Zionist-free' airport". The Jerusalem Post. ProQuest 319482419.
  15. ^ Borger, Julian; Tait, Robert (15 February 2010). "The financial power of the Revolutionary Guards". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
  16. ^ Proctor, Melanie (2003-10-21). "Inaugural flight lands in Langkawi". New Straits Times. ProQuest 271750760.
  17. ^ Proctor, Melanie (2003-10-21). "Inaugural flight lands in Langkawi". New Straits Times. ProQuest 271750760.
  18. ^ Mahidin, Jad (2003-11-03). "Direct flights boost for tourism". Malay Mail. ProQuest 326347609.
  19. ^ Emmanuel, Marina (2003-09-06). "Direct flights from London to Penang will help draw FDI". Business Times. ProQuest 266887575.
  20. ^ Garshasbi, Muhammad (7 August 2016). "سرگذشت فرودگاه مهرآباد: بازمانده <اچ -3> تهران". Iran (in Persian). Archived from the original on 26 October 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  21. ^ "گشایش ساختمان جدید فرودگاه مهرآباد". Iran (in Persian). 1 September 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  22. ^ Grathwol, Robert P.; Moorhus, Donita M. (2009). Bricks, Sand, and Marble: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Construction in the Mediterranean and Middle East, 1947-1991. Center of Military History and Corps of Engineers, United States Army. pp. 180–182.
  23. ^ Iran: Building for Tomorrow. United States Operations Mission to Iran. 1961. p. 72.
  24. ^ "Airport roof falls, killing 25 in Iran". The Miami Herald. Associated Press. 1974-12-06.
  25. ^ "Terminal collapse death toll is 16". The Miami Herald. United Press International. 1974-12-07.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sunnya343/sandbox&oldid=1221060884"