View source for 2012 UE34

{{DISPLAYTITLE:{{mp|2012 UE|34}}}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox planet
 | minorplanet     = yes
 | name            = {{mp|2012 UE|34}}
 | background      = #FFC2E0
 | image           = 
 | image_size      = 
 | caption         = 
 | discovery_ref   = <ref name="MPC-object" />
 | discoverer      = [[Pan-STARRS]] 1
 | discovery_site  = [[Haleakala Observatory|Haleakala Obs.]]
 | discovered      = 18 October 2012<br />{{small|(first observed only)}}
 | mpc_name        = {{mp|2012 UE|34}}
 | alt_names       = 
 | pronounced      = 
 | named_after     = 
 | mp_category     = {{Hlist
  | [[Near-Earth object|NEO]]
  | [[Apollo asteroid|Apollo]]<ref name="MPC-object" /><ref name="jpldata" />
  }}
 | orbit_ref       = <ref name="jpldata" />
 | epoch           = 27 April 2019 ([[Julian day|JD]]&nbsp;2458600.5)
 | uncertainty     = {{Ubl
  | 0<ref name="jpldata" />
  | 1<ref name="MPC-object" />
  }}
 | observation_arc = 7.06&nbsp;[[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (2,578&nbsp;d)
 | aphelion        = 1.2151&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]]
 | perihelion      = 0.9956&nbsp;AU
 | semimajor       = 1.1053&nbsp;AU
 | eccentricity    = 0.0993
 | period          = 1.16&nbsp;yr (424&nbsp;d)
 | mean_anomaly    = 31.060[[Degree (angle)|°]]
 | mean_motion     = {{Deg2DMS|0.8481|sup=ms}} / day
 | inclination     = 9.6584°
 | asc_node        = 198.48°
 | arg_peri        = 18.425°
 | moid            = {{convert|0.000919|AU|LD|abbr=on|lk=out|sigfig=3}}
 | mean_diameter   = {{val|66|ul=m}} {{small|(est. at [[Geometric albedo|0.20]])}}<ref name="h" /><br />{{val|130|u=m}} {{small|(est. at [[Geometric albedo|0.05]])}}<ref name="h" />
 | rotation        = 
 | albedo          = 
 | spectral_type   = 
 | abs_magnitude   = 23.3<ref name="MPC-object" /><ref name="jpldata" />
}}

'''{{mp|2012 UE|34}}''' is a sub-kilometer [[asteroid]], classified as a [[near-Earth object]] of the [[Apollo asteroid|Apollo group]], approximately {{convert|70|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} in diameter. It was first observed on 18 October 2012, by [[Pan-STARRS]] at [[Haleakala Observatory]] on the island of Maui, Hawaii, in the United States.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The object was removed from the [[Sentry Risk Table]] on 29 December 2013.<ref name="removed" /> On 8 April 2041 it will pass Earth at a nominal distance of {{convert|0.0007329 |AU |km mi|abbr=on |lk=on |sigfig=2}}. Due to its presumed small size, it does not qualify as a [[potentially hazardous asteroid]], despite its low Earth [[MOID]].<ref name="jpldata" />

== Orbit and classification ==

{{mp|2012 UE|34}} is an [[Apollo asteroid]], which are [[List of Earth-crossing minor planets|Earth-crossers]] and the largest subgroup in the [[near-Earth object]] population. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.996–1.22&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 14 months (424 days; [[semi-major axis]] of 1.11&nbsp;AU). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.10 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 10[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's [[observation arc]] begins with its official first observation at Haleakala in October 2012.<ref name="MPC-object" />

=== Close encounters ===

{{mp|2012 UE|34}} passed about {{convert |0.002 |AU|km mi |abbr=on |lk=off}} from Earth on 8 April 1991.<ref name="jpldata" /> On 8 April 2041, the asteroid will pass about {{convert |0.0007 |AU|km mi |abbr=on |lk=off}} from Earth. For comparison, the distance to the [[Moon]] is about 0.0026&nbsp;AU (384,400&nbsp;km).

It has an exceptionally low [[minimum orbital intersection distance]] with Earth of {{convert|0.000919 |AU |km |abbr=on |lk=off}}, which translates into 0.36 [[Lunar distance (astronomy)|lunar distances]]. Despite this exceptionally low theoretical distance, the asteroid is not listed as a [[potentially hazardous asteroid]], due to its small size, represented by its proxy, an [[absolute magnitude]] of 23.3, which is below the defined threshold of 22 magnitude.<ref name="jpldata" />

{|class="wikitable collapsible collapsed sortable" style="width: 450px"
|+ style="text-align: left; background-color: #FFC2E0; padding: 4px 12px; border: 1px red solid;" | H < 24 asteroids passing less than 1&nbsp;LD from Earth
!Asteroid
!Date
!Nominal approach distance (LD)
!Min. distance (LD)
!Max. distance (LD)
![[Absolute magnitude]] (H)
!Size (meters)
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|{{mpl|(152680) 1998 KJ|9}} || 1914-12-31 || 0.606 || 0.604 || 0.608 || 19.4 || 279–900
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|{{mpl|(458732) 2011 MD|5}} || 1918-09-17 || 0.911 || 0.909 || 0.913 || 17.9 || 556–1795
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|{{mpl|(163132) 2002 CU|11}} || 1925-08-30 || 0.903 || 0.901 || 0.905 || 18.5 || ''443–477''
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|{{mpl|2010 VB|1}} || 1936-01-06 || 0.553 || 0.553 || 0.553 || 23.2 || 48–156
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|{{mpl|2002 JE|9}} || 1971-04-11 || 0.616 || 0.587 || 0.651 || 21.2 || 122–393
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|{{mpl|2013 UG|1}} || 1976-10-17 || 0.854 || 0.853 || 0.855 || 22.3 || 73–237
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|{{mpl|2012 TY|52}} || 1981-11-04 || 0.818 || 0.813 || 0.823 || 21.4 || 111–358
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|'''{{mp|2012 UE|34}}''' || '''1991-04-08''' || '''0.847''' || '''0.676''' || '''1.027''' || '''23.3''' || '''46–149'''
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
|{{mpl|2017 VW|13}} || 2001-11-08 || 0.454 || 0.318 || 3.436 || 20.7 || 153–494
|-
|[[2002 MN]] || 2002-06-14 || 0.312 || 0.312 || 0.312 || 23.6 || 40–130
|-
|{{mpl|(308635) 2005 YU|55}} || 2011-11-08 || 0.845 || 0.845 || 0.845 || 21.9 || ''320–400''
|-
|{{mpl|2011 XC|2}} || 2011-12-03 || 0.904 || 0.901 || 0.907 || 23.2 || 48–156
|-
|[[2018 AH]] || 2018-01-02 || 0.773 || 0.772 || 0.773 || 22.5 || 67–216
|-
|{{mpl|2018 GE|3}} || 2018-04-15 || 0.502 || 0.501 || 0.503 || 23.7 || 35–135
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|(153814) 2001 WN|5}} || 2028-06-26 || 0.647 || 0.647 || 0.647 || 18.2 || ''921–943''
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|[[99942 Apophis]] || 2029-04-13 || 0.0981 || 0.0963 || 0.1000 || 19.7 || ''310–340''
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|'''{{mp|2012 UE|34}}''' || '''2041-04-08''' || '''0.283''' || '''0.274''' || '''0.354''' || '''23.3''' || '''46–149'''
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|2015 XJ|351}} || 2047-06-06 || 0.789 || 0.251 || 38.135 || 22.4 || 70–226
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|2007 TV|18}} || 2058-09-22 || 0.918 || 0.917 || 0.919 || 23.8 || 37–119
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|2005 WY|55}} || 2065-05-28 || 0.865 || 0.856 || 0.874 || 20.7 || 153–494
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mp|(308635) 2005 YU|55}} || 2075-11-08 || 0.592 || 0.499 || 0.752 || 21.9 || ''320–400''
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|(456938) 2007 YV|56}} || 2101-01-02 || 0.621 || 0.615 || 0.628 || 21.0 || 133–431
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|2007 UW|1}} || 2129-10-19 || 0.239 || 0.155 || 0.381 || 22.7 || 61–197
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|[[101955 Bennu]] || 2135-09-25 || 0.780 || 0.308 || 1.406 || 20.19 || ''472–512''
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|(153201) 2000 WO|107}} || 2140-12-01 || 0.634 || 0.631 || 0.637 || 19.3 || ''427–593''
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|2009 DO|111}} || 2146-03-23 || 0.896 || 0.744 || 1.288 || 22.8 || 58–188
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|(85640) 1998 OX|4}} || 2148-01-22 || 0.771 || 0.770 || 0.771 || 21.1 || 127–411
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|2007 UY|1}} || 2156-02-13 || 0.685 || 0.652 || 6.856 || 22.9 || 56–179
|-bgcolor=#e2e2e2
|{{mpl|2011 LT|17}} || 2156-12-16 || 0.998 || 0.955 || 1.215 || 21.6 || 101–327
|}

== Numbering and naming ==

This [[minor planet]] has not been numbered by the [[Minor Planet Center]] and remains [[List of named minor planets (numerical)|unnamed]].<ref name="MPC-object" />

== Physical characteristics ==

Based on a generic magnitude-to-diameter conversion, {{mp|2012 UE|34}} measures 66 meters in diameter, for an absolute magnitude of 23.3 and an assumed [[Astronomical albedo|albedo]] of 0.20, which is typical for stony [[S-type asteroids]]. In the unusual case of being a [[C-type asteroid|carbonaceous asteroid]] with a low albedo of 0.05, {{mp|2012 UE|34}} may be as large as 130 meters in diameter.<ref name="h" />

== References ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
  |type       = 2019-11-09 last obs.
  |title      = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2012 UE34)
  |url        = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=3612847;cad=1
  |publisher  = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
  |accessdate = 16 January 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
  |title      = 2012 UE34
  |work       = Minor Planet Center
  |url        = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2012+UE34
  |accessdate = 16 January 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="h">{{cite web
  |title      = Asteroid Size Estimator
  |publisher  = CNEOS NASA/JPL
  |url        = https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/ast_size_est.html
  |accessdate = 9 February 2018}}</ref>

<ref name="removed">{{cite web
  |title=Date/Time Removed
  |publisher=NASA/JPL Near-Earth Object Program Office
  |url=http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/removed.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602101400/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/removed.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2002-06-02}}</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K12/K12U61.html MPEC 2012-U61 : 2012 UE34], ''[[Minor Planet Electronic Circular]]'', 20 October 2012
* [https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19NF8.html MPEC 2019-N158 : 2012 UE34], ''Minor Planet Electronic Circular'', 14 July 2019
* {{YouTube|id=8M_27st1ZCI|title=Minor Planet Center: Asteroid Hazards, Part 3: ''Finding the Path''}} {{small|(min. 5:38)}}, includes discussion of {{mp|2012 UE|34}}
* [https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?pc=1.1.0&n=2012UE34 {{mp|2012 UE|34}}] at NEODyS-2
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180210002242/http://earn.dlr.de/nea/K12U34E.htm Physical facts sheet], European Asteroid Research Node (EARN), 18 October 2012
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/t_apollos.html List Of The Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs)], ''Minor Planet Center''
* {{NeoDys|2012+UE34}}
* {{ESA-SSA|2012UE34}}
* {{JPL small body}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before={{mpl|99942 Apophis|}}}}
{{s-ttl|title=Large [[Near-Earth object|NEO]] Earth close approach<br />([[List of record-setting asteroid close approaches to Earth#Asteroids|inside the orbit of the Moon]])|years=8 April 2041}}
{{s-aft|after={{mpl|2005 WY|55}}}}
{{end}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:2012 UE34}}
[[Category:Apollo asteroids|#]]
[[Category:Minor planet object articles (unnumbered)]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Pan-STARRS|#]]
[[Category:Near-Earth objects removed from the Sentry Risk Table|#]]
[[Category:Near-Earth objects in 1991|19910408]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 2012|20121018]]