449 Hamburga
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | M. Wolf, A. Schwassmann |
| Discovery date | 31 October 1899 |
| Designations | |
| (449) Hamburger | |
Named after | Hamburger |
| 1899 EU | |
| Main belt | |
| Orbital characteristics[1] | |
| Epoch 31 July 2016 (JD 2457600.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 116.46 yr (42537 d) |
| Aphelion | 2.99307 AU (447.757 Gm) |
| Perihelion | 2.10829 AU (315.396 Gm) |
| 2.55068 AU (381.576 Gm) | |
| Eccentricity | 0.17344 |
| 4.07 yr (1487.9 d) | |
Average orbital speed | 18.64 km/s |
| 132.097° | |
| 0° 14m 31.009s / day | |
| Inclination | 3.08491° |
| 85.9284° | |
| 47.2780° | |
| Earth MOID | 1.12282 AU (167.971 Gm) |
| Jupiter MOID | 2.05768 AU (307.825 Gm) |
| TJupiter | 3.417 |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 85.59±1.9 km[1] 66.76 ± 4.82 km[2] |
| Mass | (1.57 ± 1.40) × 1018 kg[2] |
| 18.263 h (0.7610 d) | |
| 0.0393±0.002 | |
| C | |
| 9.47,[1] 9.79[3] | |
449 Hamburger is a large Main belt asteroid that was discovered by German astronomers Max Wolf and A. Schwassmann on October 31, 1899 in Heidelberg. It is classified as a C-type asteroid and is probably composed of carbonaceous material. It is named for the city of Hamburg in Germany.[4] The name was announced in 1901 during a festival held by the Mathematical Society of Hamburg.[5]
In the 1980s and 1990s, NASA considered a spacecraft mission to the asteroid, including a tie-in with McDonald's.[6] The mission plan called for a launch in 1995 and a flyby of Hamburga in early 1998.[7]
In August 1988 in the United States' city of Baltimore, a P. Weissman addressed the International Astronomical Union on a mission to this asteroid (449), a mission which also include a rendezvous with Comet Kopf.[8] See Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby for more on the mission to the comet. This mission can also be compared to Rosetta, which successfully flew by two minor planets and orbited a Comet during its approach to the Sun in the early 21st century.
P. Weissman later worked on the Rosetta mission[9]
It was predicted that 449 occulted the star HIP 1424 in July 2013.[10]
449 Hamburga was identified as one of three asteroids that were likely to be a parent body for chondrites along with 304 Olga and 335 Roberta.[11] All three asteroids were known to have low-albedo (not reflect as much light) and be close to "meteorite producing resonances".[11] Chrondrites are the most common type of meteor found on Earth, accounting for over 80% of all meteors.[12] They are named for the tiny spherical silicate particles that are found inside them (those particles are called chondrules).[12]
See also
- List of asteroids formerly targeted for spacecraft visitation
- Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby
- 723 Hammonia (also named for the city of Hamburg)
References
- ^ a b c Yeomans, Donald K., "449 Hamburga", JPL Small-Body Database Browser, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, retrieved 10 May 2016.
- ^ a b Carry, B. (December 2012), "Density of asteroids", Planetary and Space Science, vol. 73, pp. 98–118, arXiv:1203.4336, Bibcode:2012P&SS...73...98C, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009. See Table 1.
- ^ Warner, Brian D. (December 2007), "Initial Results of a Dedicated H-G Project", The Minor Planet Bulletin, vol. 34, pp. 113–119, Bibcode:2007MPBu...34..113W.
- ^ (449) Hamburga
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
449 Hamburgerwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Mars rover Curiosity’s other mission: publicity machine - December 5, 2012
- ^ Transactions of the International Astronomical Union: Proceedings of the ... edited by Derek McNally (Google Books link)]
- ^ Transactions of the International Astronomical Union: Proceedings of the ... edited by Derek McNally (Google Books link)]
- ^ Planetary Ices: People
- ^ Asteroid Occultation Updates
- ^ a b Lunar and planetary science: abstracts of papers submitted to the ... Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Volume 27, Part 1 - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Jan 1, 1996
- ^ a b ASU - Chondrites
