4T1
4T1 is a breast cancer cell line derived from the mammary gland tissue of a mouse BALB/c strain.[1] 4T1 cells are epithelial and are resistant to 6-thioguanine.[1] In preclinical research, 4T1 cells have been used to study breast cancer metastasis as they can metastasize to the lung, liver, lymph nodes, brain and bone[2].[3] The cells are known to be highly aggressive in live tissues.[4]
History
4T1 cell line was originally isolated by Fred Miller and colleagues as one of four sublines derived from the 410.4 tumor that was isolated from a single spontaneously arising mammary tumor.[5]
Characteristics
4T1 resembles human metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) according to lacking protein expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).[6]
Aplication
For understanding the situation in cancer patients it is necessary to have a model systems that mimic such a state faithfully. Aplication of murine cancer cell line such as 4T1 in mouse model has a high translational value for pre-clinical TNBC studies. 4T1 cell line is widely used as syngeneic tumor model for human triple-negative breast cancer which is responsible for more than 17% of breast cancers that are annually diagnosed world-wide.[7] Cells can be transplanted into the murine mammary fat pad where it is highly tumorigenic, invasive, and spontaneously metastasizing to distant organs such as lung, liver, lymph nodes, brain and bone. In addition it was even described as poorly immunogenic in mice.[1]
Culture method
4T1 cells grow in 37°C with 95% air and 5% of carbon dioxide (CO2). Their average doubling time is 14 hours. The base medium for this cell line is RPMI-1640 Medium with a fetal bovine serum in a final concentration of 10%. 4T1 cells should not be let to become 100% confluent. Spliting at 80% of confluence is recommended. For detaching the cells from the surface, rinsing with 0.25% trypsin-0.53mM EDTA solution in room temperature is used. As a freeze medium is used complete growth medium 95%; DMSO, 5% and cells are stored in liquid nitrogen vapor phase.[8]
Variants[9]
| CVCL_0125 (4T1) |
| CVCL_QZ56 (4T1-eGFP-Puro) |
| CVCL_QZ59 (4T1-Fluc-Neo/iRFP-Puro) |
| CVCL_L899 (4T1-luc2) |
| CVCL_QZ61 (4T1-mNIS (monoclonal)) |
| CVCL_QZ64 (4T1-mNIS-Puro) |
| CVCL_5I85 (4T1-Red-FLuc-GFP) |
| CVCL_GR31 (4T1.13) |
| CVCL_XG69 (4T1/GFP/FlucII) |
| CVCL_QZ57 (4T1-Fluc-Neo) |
| CVCL_QZ60 (4T1-iRFP-Puro) |
| CVCL_5J28 (4T1-luc2-GFP) |
| CVCL_QZ62 (4T1-mNIS-Neo/eGFP-Puro) |
| CVCL_QZ65 (4T1-mNIS-Puro/Fluc-Neo) |
| CVCL_HE47 (4T1-S)[10] |
| CVCL_GR32 (4T1.2) |
| CVCL_QZ58 (4T1-Fluc-Neo/eGFP-Puro) |
| CVCL_J239 (4T1-Luc) |
| CVCL_5J46 (4T1-luc2-tdTomato) |
| CVCL_QZ63 (4T1-mNIS-Neo/iRFP-Puro) |
| CVCL_5I84 (4T1-Red-FLuc) |
| CVCL_5J45 (4T1-tdTomato) |
| CVCL_JG34 (4T1/CMV-Luc #6) |
References
- ^ a b c Pulaski, BA; Ostrand-Rosenberg, S (May 2001). "Mouse 4T1 breast tumor model". Current Protocols in Immunology. 20 (1): Unit 20.2. doi:10.1002/0471142735.im2002s39. PMID 18432775.
- ^ Lelekakis, Maria; Moseley, Jane M.; Martin, T. John; Hards, Daphne; Williams, Elizabeth; Ho, Patricia; Lowen, Darren; Javni, Jeannie; Miller, Fred R.; Slavin, John; Anderson, Robin L. (1999). "[No title found]". Clinical & Experimental Metastasis. 17 (2): 163–170. doi:10.1023/A:1006689719505.
- ^ Shengyu, Yang; et al. (2012). "Mouse Models for Tumor Metastasis". Methods in Molecular Biology. 928: 221–228. doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-008-3_17. PMC 3674868. PMID 22956145.
- ^ Disch, Bryan; et al. (30 May 2014). "Development and Characterization of a Preclinical Model of Breast Cancer Lung Micrometastatic to Macrometastatic Progression". PLoS ONE. 9 (5): e98624. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098624. PMC 4039511. PMID 24878664.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Aslakson, Cheryl J.; Rak, Janusz W.; Miller, Bonnie E.; Miller, Fred R. (1991-02-01). "Differential influence of organ site on three subpopulations of a single mouse mammary tumor at two distinct steps in metastasis". International Journal of Cancer. 47 (3): 466–472. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910470327. ISSN 0020-7136.
- ^ Schrörs, Barbara; Boegel, Sebastian; Albrecht, Christian; Bukur, Thomas; Bukur, Valesca; Holtsträter, Christoph; Ritzel, Christoph; Manninen, Katja; Tadmor, Arbel D.; Vormehr, Mathias; Sahin, Ugur (2020). "Multi-Omics Characterization of the 4T1 Murine Mammary Gland Tumor Model". Frontiers in Oncology. 10. doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.01195. ISSN 2234-943X.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Anders, Carey K.; Carey, Lisa A. (2009-06). "Biology, Metastatic Patterns, and Treatment of Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer". Clinical Breast Cancer. 9: S73–S81. doi:10.3816/CBC.2009.s.008. PMC 2919761. PMID 19596646.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ "4T1 ATCC ® CRL-2539™ Mus musculus mammary gland This tumor p". www.lgcstandards-atcc.org. Retrieved 2020-09-08.
- ^ "Cellosaurus cell line 4T1 (CVCL_0125)". web.expasy.org. Retrieved 2020-09-10.
- ^ Abe, Hirotake; Wada, Haruka; Baghdadi, Muhammad; Nakanishi, Sayaka; Usui, Yuu; Tsuchikawa, Takahiro; Shichinohe, Toshiaki; Hirano, Satoshi; Seino, Ken-ichiro (2016-04). "Identification of a highly immunogenic mouse breast cancer sub cell line, 4T1-S". Human Cell. 29 (2): 58–66. doi:10.1007/s13577-015-0127-1. ISSN 1749-0774.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)