Austin Stack
Austin Stack | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister for Home Affairs | |
| In office 22 August 1921 – 9 January 1922 | |
| President | Éamon de Valera |
| Preceded by | Arthur Griffith |
| Succeeded by | Eamonn Duggan |
| Teachta Dála | |
| In office August 1923 – June 1927 | |
| Constituency | Kerry |
| In office May 1921 – August 1923 | |
| Constituency | Kerry–Limerick West |
| In office December 1918 – May 1921 | |
| Constituency | West Kerry |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Augustine Mary Moore Stack 7 December 1879 Tralee, County Kerry, Ireland |
| Died | 27 April 1929 (aged 49) Dublin, Ireland |
| Political party | Sinn Féin |
| Spouse(s) | Winifred Cassidy (m. 1925; d. 1929) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Irish Republic Irish Republican Brotherhood Irish Volunteers Irish Republican Army |
| Years of service | 1916-1922 |
| Battles/wars | Easter Rising Irish War of Independence Irish Civil War |
| Personal information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sport | Gaelic football | ||
| Club(s) | |||
| Years | Club | ||
| Tralee | |||
| Inter-county(ies) | |||
| Years | County | ||
1896–1905 | Kerry | ||
| Inter-county titles | |||
| All-Irelands | 1 | ||
Augustine Mary Moore Stack (7 December 1879 – 27 April 1929) was an Irish republican and politician who served as Minister for Home Affairs from 1921 to 1922. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1918 to 1927.[1]
Early life
Stack was born in Ballymullen, Tralee, County Kerry, to William Stack, an attorney's clerk, and Anne (or Honora) O'Neill.[2][3] He was educated at the Christian Brothers School in Tralee. At the age of fourteen, he left school and became a clerk in a solicitor's office. A gifted Gaelic footballer, he captained the Kerry team to All-Ireland victory in 1904. He also served as President of the Kerry Gaelic Athletic Association County Board.
Activism
He became politically active in 1908 when he joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood. In 1916, as commandant of the Kerry Brigade of the Irish Volunteers, he made preparations for the landing of arms by Roger Casement. He was made aware that Casement was arrested on Easter Saturday and was being held in Tralee. He made no attempt to rescue him from Ballymullen Barracks.
Stack was arrested and sentenced to death for his involvement in the Rising, however, this was later commuted to penal servitude for life. He was released under general amnesty in June 1917 and was elected as an abstentionist Sinn Féin MP for Kerry West in the 1918 Westminster election, becoming a member of the 1st Dáil. He was automatically elected as an abstentionist member of the House of Commons of Southern Ireland and a member of the 2nd Dáil as a Sinn Féin TD for Kerry–Limerick West at the 1921 elections.[4]
Stack, as part of his role as Minister for Home Affairs, is widely credited with the creation and administration of the Dáil Courts. These were courts run by IRA in parallel and opposition to the judicial system being run by the British government. The IRA and Sinn Féin was highly successful in both getting the civilian population of Ireland to use the courts and accept their rulings. The success of this initiative gave Sinn Féin a large boost in legitimacy and supported their goals in creating a "counter-state" within Ireland as part of their overarching goals in the War of Independence.[5][6]
He opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921, and took part in the subsequent Civil War. He was captured in 1923 and went on hunger strike for forty-one days before being released in July 1924.
Dáil
He was elected to the 3rd Dáil at the 1922 general election and subsequent elections as an Anti-Treaty Sinn Féin TD for the Kerry constituency. When Éamon de Valera founded Fianna Fáil in 1926, Stack remained with Sinn Féin being re-elected to the Dáil at the June 1927 general election. He did not contest the September 1927 general election.
Stack's health never recovered after his hunger strike and he died in a Dublin hospital on 27 April 1929, aged 49.
Austin Stack Park in his home town of Tralee, one of the Gaelic Athletic Association's stadiums, is named in his honour, as is the Austin Stacks Hurling and Gaelic football club.
In 1925, he married Winifred (Una) Gordon, née Cassidy (died 1950),[7] the widow of a Royal Irish Constabulary district inspector, Patrick Gordon (1870-1912).[8]
References
- ^ "Austin Stack". Oireachtas Members Database. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
- ^ "Baptismal record". IrishGenealogy.ie. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
- ^ "General Registrar's Office". IrishGenealogy.ie. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
- ^ "Austin Stack". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
- ^ http://treaty.nationalarchives.ie/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Stack.pdf
- ^ https://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/revolutionary-justice-the-dill-eireann-courts/
- ^ "General Registrar's Office". IrishGenealogy.ie. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
- ^ "Helen's Family Trees - GORDON - gor07.htm". www.helensfamilytrees.com. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
External links
- . . Dublin: Alexander Thom and Son Ltd. 1923. p. – via Wikisource.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
- 1879 births
- 1929 deaths
- All-Ireland-winning captains (football)
- Austin Stacks Gaelic footballers
- Early Sinn Féin TDs
- Irish Republican Army (1919–1922) members
- Irish Republican Army (1922–1969) members
- Kerry inter-county Gaelic footballers
- Members of the 1st Dáil
- Members of the 2nd Dáil
- Members of the 3rd Dáil
- Members of the 4th Dáil
- Members of the 5th Dáil
- Members of the Irish Republican Brotherhood
- Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Kerry constituencies (1801–1922)
- Ministers for Justice (Ireland)
- People from Tralee
- People of the Irish Civil War (Anti-Treaty side)
- Politicians from County Kerry
- UK MPs 1918–1922
- Politicians imprisoned during the Irish revolutionary period