Symphoricarpos oreophilus
| Symphoricarpos oreophilus | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Dipsacales |
| Family: | Caprifoliaceae |
| Genus: | Symphoricarpos |
| Species: | S. oreophilus
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| Binomial name | |
| Symphoricarpos oreophilus | |
| Synonyms[1][2] | |
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Symphoricarpos oreophilus is a North American species of flowering plant in the Caprifoliaceae, or honeysuckle family, known by the common name mountain snowberry.[3] It has a wide distribution in western Canada, the United States, and northwestern Mexico. It is found in mountainous areas such as the Cascades, the Sierra Nevada, the Rockies, and the Sierra Madre Occidental from British Columbia to the Copper Canyon region of Chihuahua, from the coastal states as far inland as the Black Hills, the Oklahoma Panhandle, and trans-Pecos Texas.[4][5][6][7]
Symphoricarpos oreophilus is a deciduous shrub growing erect or spreading or trailing. Depending on environmental conditions it may reach 30 centimetres (12 in) to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) in mature height. The fruit is a white drupe containing two nutlets, each of which contains a seed. The plant grows from a rhizome. It reproduces vegetatively by sprouting from the rhizome and by layering, and sexually via seed.[4]
Symphoricarpos oreophilus is common in many types of habitat in western North America, and it may dominate some ecosystems,[4] such as sagebrush.[8] It is also an indicator species of certain habitat types where Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), white fir (Abies concolor), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), subalpine fir (A. lasiocarpa), Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), and/or quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) make up the overstory. It grows in all successional stages in pinyon-juniper woodlands. It is usually found in open habitat, as it does not easily tolerate shade. In heavily forested regions it grows in open areas and breaks in the canopy.[4]
Many types of animal use this plant for food, especially in the early spring, when it is one of the first plants to bear leaves. Deer, elk, and livestock browse the foliage.[4] Some small mammals use the shrubs for cover.[9] Birds such as the yellow-billed magpie consume the fruits.[4] The saponin-containing berries are inedible to humans.[10]
References
- ^ Tropicos, Symphoricarpos oreophilus A. Gray
- ^ The Plant List, Symphoricarpos oreophilus var. utahensis (Rydb.) A. Nelson
- ^ NRCS. "Symphoricarpos oreophilus". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 6 December 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f Aleksoff, Keith C. 1999. Symphoricarpos oreophilus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ^ SEINet, Southwestern Biodiversity, Arizona chapter photos, distribution map
- ^ Jones, George Neville 1940. A monograph of the genus Symphoricarpos. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 21(2): 201-252
- ^ Symphoricarpos oreophilus. The Nature Conservancy.
- ^ Whitney, Stephen (1985). Western Forests (The Audubon Society Nature Guides). New York: Knopf. p. 428. ISBN 0-394-73127-1.
- ^ Fagan, Damian (2019). Wildflowers of Oregon: A Field Guide to Over 400 Wildflowers, Trees, and Shrubs of the Coast, Cascades, and High Desert. Guilford, CT: FalconGuides. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-4930-3633-2. OCLC 1073035766.
