Podontia
| Podontia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Podontia affinis indosinensis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Chrysomelidae |
| Tribe: | Alticini |
| Genus: | Podontia Dalman, 1824 |
| Type species | |
| Galleruca grandis (= Chrysomela lutea Olivier, 1790) Gröndal, 1808
| |
| Synonyms | |
Podontia is a genus of flea beetles in the family Chrysomelidae.[2] They belong in the Blepharida-group of flea beetles.
Description
They are one of the largest representatives of flea beetles and with Podontia lutea adults being around 2 centimeters long, it is reputed that it is the largest flea beetle species in the world.[3] They are distinguished from other genera in the Blepharida-group by their bifurcate prosternum, saddle-shaped mesosternum and strongly inwardly curved bifid tarsal claws.[4][5]
Larval defense
In Podontia (along with some other related genera) larvae retain their feces directly on the dorsum (upside). This coating acts as a deterrent from predators such as ants.[6] The fecal coat may also possibly serve to moderate body temperature or to reduce water loss although it has not been proven yet.[7]
Species
Species include:
- Podontia affinis (Gröndal, 1808)[8]
- Podontia congregata Baly, 1865[9]
- Podontia dalmani Baly, 1865
- Podontia flava Baly, 1865[10]
- Podontia jalur (Mohamedsaid, 1989)[11]
- Podontia laosensis Scherer, 1969[12]
- Podontia lutea (Olivier, 1790)[10]
- Podontia manilensis? (possibly a synonym for Asiophrida manilensis)
- Podontia quatuordecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1767)[9]
- Podontia rufocastanea Baly, 1865[9]
Former species:[13]
- Podontia basalis Baly, 1862: moved to Neoblepharella (formerly Blepharella)[14][15]
- Podontia evanida Baly, 1865 moved to Calotheca
- Podontia marmorata Baly, 1865 moved to Calotheca
- Podontia nigrotessellata Baly, 1865 moved to Calotheca
- Podontia pitalohita (Maulik, 1926): synonym of Podontia rufocastanea Baly, 1865[12]
- Podontia reticulata Baly, 1865 moved to Calotheca
- Podontia sacra Baly, 1865 moved to Calotheca
- Podontia soriculata (Swartz, 1808): moved to Paropsides[16]
- Podontia vittata Baly, 1862:[17] moved to Calotheca
See also
References
- ^ Bezděk, J. (2012). "Taxonomic and faunistic notes on Oriental and Palaearctic Galerucinae and Cryptocephalinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)" (PDF). Genus. 23 (3): 375–418.
- ^ a b "Podontia". mindat.org. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- ^ Furth, DG. (1999). "Searching for sumacs and flea beetles: from African poison arrows to Mexican poison ivy". Entomological News (110): 183.
- ^ Medvedev, LN. (1999). "A revision of the group Blepharidiini (Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) from the Oriental region". Russian Entomological Journal. 8: 175–184.
- ^ Beccera, JX. (2004a). "Ecology and evolution of New World Blepharida. In: Jolivet P, Santiago-Blay J, Schmitt M. (Eds) New Developments in Biology of the Chrysomelidae". SPB Academic Publishing Bv, the Hague: 137–143.
- ^ Vencl, FV.; Morton, TC. (1998). "The shield defense of the sumac flea beetle, Blepharida rhois (Chrysomelidae: Alticinae)". Chemoecology. 8: 25–32. doi:10.1007/PL00001800. S2CID 25886345. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
- ^ Paterson, NF. (1943). "Early stages of two species of Halticinae (Chrysomelidae, Coleoptera)". Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa. 6: 29–36.
- ^ Scherer, Gerhard (15 Dec 1978). "Podontia affinis (Gröndal) a Polytypic Species" (PDF). Zoologische Staatssammlung München: 275, 276.
- ^ a b c Prathapan, Kaniyarikkal Divakaran; Chaboo, Caroline Simmrita (2011). "Biology of Blepharida-group flea beetles with first notes on natural history of Podontia congregata Baly, 1865 an endemic flea beetle from southern India (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini)*". ZooKeys (157): 95–130. doi:10.3897/zookeys.157.1472. PMC 3253645. PMID 22303106.
- ^ a b Romantsov, P.V.; Medvedev, L.N. "New and little-known flea beetles (Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) from Southeastern Asia" (PDF). zin.ru. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- ^ Mohamedsaid, M.S. (1989). "Flea Beetles of the Genus Podontia from Peninsular Malaysia (Chrysomelidae: Alticinae)". Malayan Nature Journal (42): 277–285.
- ^ a b Scherer, G. (1969). "Die Alticinae des Indischen Subkontinentes (Coleoptera – Chrysomelidae)" (PDF). Pacific Insects Monographs. 22: 1–251.
- ^ Biondi, M.; Frasca, R.; Grobbelaar, E.; D'Alessandro, P. (2017). "Supraspecific taxonomy of the flea beetle genus Blepharida Chevrolat, 1836 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the Afrotropical Region and description of Afroblepharida subgen. nov". Insect Systematics & Evolution. 48 (2): 97–155. doi:10.1163/1876312X-48022152.
- ^ Nadein, K.S. (2013). "Catalogue of Alticini genera of the World (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)". Beetles and Coleopterists website. Saint-Petersburg: Zoological Institute. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ^ Özdikmen, H. (2008). "Substitute names for some preoccupied leaf beetles genus group names described by L. N. Medvedev (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)". Munis Entomology & Zoology. 3 (2): 643–647.
- ^ Bechyné, J.; Springlovà de Bechyné, B. (1961). "Notas sobre Chrysomeloidea neotropicais" (PDF). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi. New Series. 33: 1–49.
- ^ "Podontia vittata (Baly, 1862)". Global Database Information Facility. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
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