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Rosemary Ward, Viscountess Ednam

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Rosemary Ward, Viscountess Ednam
ARRC
Rosemary Leveson-Gower in 1917
Born
Rosemary Millicent Sutherland-Leveson-Gower

(1893-08-09)9 August 1893
Dunrobin Castle, Sutherland, Scotland
Died21 July 1930(1930-07-21) (aged 36)
Meopham, Kent, England
Burial placeHimley Hall, Staffordshire, England
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1919)​
Children3, including William Ward, 4th Earl of Dudley
Parents

Rosemary Millicent Ward, Viscountess Ednam ARRC (née Rosemary Millicent Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 9 August 1893 – 21 July 1930) was a British socialite who served as a nurse in France during the First World War. She almost married Edward, Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII) but his proposal was vetoed by his parents, George V and Queen Mary. In 1919 she married William Ward, Viscount Ednam to become Viscountess Ednam. The Viscountess died on 21 July 1930 in the Meopham air disaster.

Early life

Lady Rosemary Millicent Sutherland-Leveson-Gower was the fourth (and youngest) child of Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland and his wife Millicent Leveson-Gower. Born at the family home at Dunrobin Castle in Sutherland on 8 August 1893, the young Lady Rosemary featured in the society pages of newspapers from an early age. A debutante in 1911, her appearances in the society pages increased and she was courted by John Manners, Marquess of Granby. In early 1913 they became engaged but she broke the engagement off while recuperating from appendicitis later the same year.[1]

First World War

With the outbreak of the First World War, Rosemary's life changed. Her mother went to Belgium in early August 1914, having organised her own ambulance unit, but was captured by the Germans when Namur was occupied towards the end of that month. Due to her connections with both the British and German royal families, the Duchess and her staff were repatriated via Holland. After a short rest, the Duchess returned to northern France to reinstate her unit. Rosemary went with her as a Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD) nurse.[2] After spending most of 1915 in France, she returned to the United Kingdom for rest and to help with fundraising efforts in November 1915.[3][4] Upon her return to France in 1916, Rosemary's reputation as a nurse increased, and when she returned to the United Kingdom in December, it was commented that she had delayed her leave as "they [the hospital surgeons] couldn't do with her".[5] Her war work was officially recognised with a mention in dispatches in January 1917.[6] Although she continued to serve in France during 1917 and 1918, she spent time in 1918 in the United Kingdom on fundraising efforts.[7] At the end of the war, Rosemary was awarded the Royal Red Cross (2nd class) in the 1919 Birthday Honours.[8]

Relationship with the Prince of Wales

Rosemary (centre) with Edward, Prince of Wales (looking down) at the Millicent Sutherland hospital, 14 July 1917

Leveson-Gower and the future Edward VIII had known each other since childhood as the Prince's parents, George V and Queen Mary had often been guest of the Duke of Sutherland. They met again in France during the war as the Prince visited the hospital to see another friend, Rosemary's sister-in-law, Eileen Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Sutherland. In July 1917 the King and Queen accompanied by the Prince visited the hospital and the Prince and Rosemary recommenced their friendship. Over the following weeks they met often and the relationship was only interrupted by the Prince's assignment to the Italian Front. Upon his return he and Rosemary continued to meet. At this time the Prince proposed to Rosemary and while she was at first reluctant to accept she did so as she thought "she could make something of him".[9]

As the heir to the throne, the Prince needed the permission of the King to marry - a requirement of the Royal Marriages Act 1772. While the King and Queen liked Rosemary they vetoed the marriage.[10] The refusal was based on doubts about the Duchess' family, the St Clair-Erskine family, two people in particular. The first Daisy Greville, Countess of Warwick was Rosemary's half-aunt and had been a mistress of Edward VII, the King's father. After his father's death King George had to take legal action against the Countess to prevent publication of the letters from King Edward to her.[11] The other person was Rosemary's uncle James St Clair-Erskine, 5th Earl of Rosslyn. The earl had been married three times and a compulsive gambler who had been made bankrupt.[12] These closeness of these flawed, in the view of the monarchy, characters to Rosemary were enough for permission to be withheld.[13] Once Rosemary was made aware of the King and Queen's views her demeanour was that she had never wanted to marry the Prince of Wales.[14]

The two did remain friends and the Prince of Wales was the godfather of Rosemary's eldest son.[15] After her death in 1930, Thelma Furness (one of the Prince's later mistresses) recalled that on hearing of Rosemary's death the prince cried for the only time that she ever saw and that he was very shocked and upset by the news.[16]

Later life

Soon after the end of her relationship with the Prince of Wales, Rosemary was courted by William Ward, Viscount Ednam. The couple married on 8 March 1919 and Rosemary became Viscountess Ednam.[17] Their eldest son was born in January 1920 and subsequently the couple had a daughter, who was stillborn, and two more sons.[18] The marriage was not always happy, William did have an affair with Venetia Stanley and was believed to be the father of her daughter, born in 1923.[19][20] He may also have had other affairs while the Viscountess certainly entertained, and was seen with, other men, including the Prince of Wales and Duff Cooper.[21]

However their personal life may have been, the Viscountess was fully supportive of her husband's political career and spoke both in support of his election campaigns but also campaigned for the wider Conservative Party.[22]

Since her early years the Viscountess had been involved in charitable activities, notably those of her mother. In 1927 the Viscountess became president of the North Staffordshire Cripples' Aid Society (founded by her mother in 1900) and began a campaign to raise funds for extending the Hartshill Orthopaedic Hospital in Stoke-on-Trent.[23] The traditional home of the Ward family was Himley Hall near Dudley and the Viscountess worked towards the establishment of a maternity hospital at Burton Road Hospital in Dudley.[24] The home was named the Rosemary Ednam Home after her.[25]

In December 1929 the couple's second son, John Jeremy (known as Jeremy), was killed in a road traffic accident in London.[26]

Death

Main article: Meopham air disaster

Following Jeremy's death the Viscount and Viscountess took an extended stay at a house in France. While there the Viscount contracted typhoid fever and while he was still recuperating the Viscountess needed to return to London to meet with the architect designing a memorial garden for Jeremy. On Monday 21 July 1930 she was booked on a flight from Le Touquet to Croydon. A seat became available on an earlier flight which the Viscountess accepted. The flight departed in clear weather. At about at 2:30 pm in poor weather over Kent the tail unit failed, causing the aircraft to stall, which in turn caused the port wing to break away and the plane to crash. All the passengers fell from the aircraft through the hole created by the wing breaking away. The Viscountess' body was found in a meadow. An inquest was opened on 23 July where the Viscountess was identified by her brother, George. After the formal identifications, the inquest was adjourned for the Air Ministry technical investigation to take place.[27] The inquest was resumed on 13 August 1930 the jury returned a verdict "that the victims met their death falling from an aeroplane, the cause of the accident being unknown".[28]

A memorial service for the Viscountess was held at St Margaret's, Westminster on 25 July 1930.[29] Her funeral was conducted at Himley Hall on 25 July 1930 and she was buried next to Jeremy.[24]

0n 15 November 1931 the hospital extension at Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent for which the Viscountess had campaigned was officially opened by the Prince of Wales as the Rosemary Ednam Memorial Hospital in tribute to the Viscountess.[30]

References

  1. ^ Trethewey 2018, 588–599.
  2. ^ "Tea Table Tale". Lurgan Times. No. 5365. 6 March 1915. p. 4 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  3. ^ "The Wonderful YMCA". The Tatler. No. 749. 3 November 1915. p. 11 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  4. ^ "Christmas in France". Daily Mirror. No. 3796. 23 December 1915. p. 12 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  5. ^ "Crowns Coronets Courtiers". The Sketch. No. 1246. 13 December 1916. p. 230 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  6. ^ "No. 29890". The London Gazette (Supplement). 4 January 1917. p. 250.
  7. ^ "One Of The Organisers Of A Big War Matinee". The Tatler. No. 879. 1 May 1918. pp. 130–131 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  8. ^ "No. 31370". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 June 1919. p. 6840.
  9. ^ Thornton 1985, p. 46.
  10. ^ Ziegler 1991, p. 94.
  11. ^ Anand 2009, p. 214.
  12. ^ Wainwright 2017, p. 40.
  13. ^ Trethewey 2018, 817.
  14. ^ Trethewey 2018, 887.
  15. ^ Trethewey 2018, 3263.
  16. ^ Morton 2018, p. 167.
  17. ^ "Viscount Ednam Married". The Graphic. No. 2572. 15 March 1919. p. 358 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  18. ^ Trethewey 2018, 3274–3295.
  19. ^ Trethewey 2018, 3325.
  20. ^ Levine 1991, p. 670.
  21. ^ Trethewey 2018, 3361.
  22. ^ Trethewey 2018, 3467.
  23. ^ Warrillow 1960, p. 365.
  24. ^ a b "Lady Ednam's Tragic Death". Rugeley Times. No. 193. 2 August 1930. p. 3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  25. ^ "New Dudley Home". Birmingham Gazette. No. 25785. 18 November 1926. p. 10 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  26. ^ "Lord & Lady Ednam's Son". Evening Sentinel. No. 20322. 10 December 1929. p. 6 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  27. ^ "The Kent Air Disaster". The Times. No. 45573. 24 July 1930. p. 9.
  28. ^ "Air Disaster Verdict". Dundee Courier. No. 24085. 14 August 1930. p. 3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  29. ^ "The Air Disaster". Edinburgh Evening News. No. 17878. 25 July 1930. p. 11 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  30. ^ "Prince Of Wales Opens Ednam Memorial Hospital". Evening Sentinel. No. 20921. 16 November 1931. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.

Sources

  • Anand, Sushila (2009). Daisy : the life and loves of the Countess of Warwick. Piatkus Books. ISBN 9780749909772.
  • Levine, Naomi B. (1991). Politics, religion, and love : the story of H.H. Asquith, Venetia Stanley, and Edwin Montagu, based on the life and letters of Edwin Samuel Montagu. New York University Press. ISBN 978-0814750575.
  • Morton, Andrew (2018). Wallis in love : the untold true passion of the Duchess of Windsor. ISBN 978-1782437222.
  • Thornton, Michael (1985). Royal feud : the Queen Mother and the Duchess of Windsor. M. Joseph. ISBN 978-0718126001.
  • Trethewey, Rachel (2018). Before Wallis: Edward VIII's other women (Kindle ed.). The History Press. ISBN 978 0 7509 9019 6.
  • Warrillow, Ernest J. D. (1960). A sociological history of the city of Stoke-on-Trent. Etruscan Publication.
  • Wainwright, Robert (2017). Sheila:. Atlantic Books. ISBN 978-1743319444.
  • Ziegler, Philip (1991). King Edward VIII. Knopf. ISBN 978-0394577302.
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