Violaxanthin
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
(3S,3′S,5R,5′R,6S,6′S)-5,6:5′,6′-Diepoxy-5,5′,6,6′-tetrahydro-β,β-carotene-3,3′-diol
| |
| Systematic IUPAC name
(1R,1′R,3S,3′S,6S,6′S)-6,6′-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,16-Tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaene-1,18-diyl]bis(1,5,5-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-3-ol) | |
| Other names
Zeaxanthin diepoxide, all-trans-Violaxanthin, E161e
| |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
|
|
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| E number | E161e (colours) |
PubChem CID
|
|
| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C40H56O4 | |
| Molar mass | 600.85 g/mol |
| Appearance | Orange crystals |
| Melting point | 200 °C (392 °F; 473 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Violaxanthin is a xanthophyll pigment with an orange color found in a variety of plants. Violaxanthin is the product of the epoxidation of zeaxanthin where the oxygen atoms are from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Such ROS's arise when a plant is subject to solar radiation so intense that the light cannot all be absorbed by the chlorophyl.[2]
Food coloring
Violaxanthin is used as a food coloring under the E number E161e and INS number 161e. The coloring is not approved for use in food in the EU[3] or the United States, but is allowed in Australia and New Zealand.[4]
Additional reading
References
- ^ a b Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9902.
- ^ Bassi, Roberto; Dall'Osto, Luca (2021). "Dissipation of Light Energy Absorbed in Excess: The Molecular Mechanisms". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 72: 47–76. doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-071720-015522. PMID 34143647. S2CID 235480018.
- ^ UK Food Standards Agency: "Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers". Retrieved 2011-10-27.
- ^ Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code"Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of ingredients". Retrieved 2011-10-27.
 | This article about an organic compound is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |