Diclinanona calycina
| Diclinanona calycina | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Magnoliales |
| Family: | Annonaceae |
| Genus: | Diclinanona |
| Species: | D. calycina
|
| Binomial name | |
| Diclinanona calycina | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Diclinanona calycina var. macrophylla R.E.Fr. | |
Diclinanona calycina is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela.[2] Ludwig Diels, the German botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Xylopia calycina, named it after its well-developed calyx (calycinus in Latin).[3]
Description
It is a tree reaching 30 meters in height and 30 centimeters in diameter. Its petioles are 5-15 millimeters long. Its leaves are arranged in two rows. Its elliptical to oval, papery leaves are 10-25 by 3-8 centimeters. The upper surfaces of the leaves are shiny and variably hairless or hairy. The undersides of the leaves have white hairs, particularly along the veins. Its leaves have 14-18 secondary veins emanating from either side of the midrib. Its axillary inflorescences have 2-4 flowers. The flowers are on 6-15 by 0.5-5 millimeter pedicels. Each pedicel has 2 bracts. Its yellow flowers are either male or have both male and female reproductive organs. Its flowers have 3 oval to triangular sepals that are 4-6 millimeters long. The margins of the sepals touch but are not fused and remain attached through fruit maturation. Its flowers have 6 oblong to elliptical petals that are 9-13 by 2.5-3 millimeters. Male flowers have numerous stamens. Bisexual flowers have few stamens and 3-5 carpels. Its round fruit occur in groups of 1-5, are 2.5-3.5 centimeters in diameter, and covered in brown hair. The fruit have 3-8 shiny, brown elliptical seeds that are 1.7-2 centimeters long.[4][5][6]
Reproductive biology
The pollen of D. calycina is shed as permanent tetrads.[7]
Habitat and distribution
It has been observed growing in forest habitats with clay soil.[6]
Uses
Bioactive molecules extracted from its leaves and bark have been reported to have antimicrobial and antiplatelet activity.[8][9]
References
- ^ Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Diclinanona calycina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T145654771A145654773. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T145654771A145654773.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ "Diclinanona calycina (Diels) R.E.Fr". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved January 12, 2019.
- ^ Stearn, William (2004). Botanical Latin. Portland, Ore. Newton Abbot: Timber Press David & Charles. ISBN 9780881926279.
- ^ Fries, R.E. (1934). "Revision der Arten Einiger Anonaceen-Gattungen. III" [Revision of the Species of Some Anonacea Genera. III]. Acta Horti Bergiani (in German and Latin). 12 (1): 4–5.
- ^ Mildbraed, J. (1927). "Plantae Tessmannianae peruvianae VI". Notizblatt des Königlichen botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin. 10 (92): 175. doi:10.2307/3994717. ISSN 0258-1485. JSTOR 3994717.
- ^ a b Maas, Paul J. M.; Maas, Hiltje; Miralha, J. M. S.; Junikka, Leo (2007). "Flora da Reserva Ducke, Amazonas, Brasil: Annonaceae". Rodriguésia. 58 (3): 617–662. doi:10.1590/2175-7860200758307. ISSN 2175-7860.
- ^ Walker, James W. (1971). "Pollen Morphology, Phytogeography, and Phylogeny of the Annonaceae". Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. 202 (202): 1–130. JSTOR 41764703.
- ^ Carneiro, Ana Lúcia Basílio; Teixeira, Maria Francisca Simas; Oliveira, Viviana Maria Araújo de; Fernandes, Ormezinda Celeste Cristo; Cauper, Gláucia Socorro de Barros; Pohlit, Adrian Martin (2008). "Screening of Amazonian plants from the Adolpho Ducke forest reserve, Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil, for antimicrobial activity". Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 103 (1): 31–38. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762008000100005. ISSN 0074-0276. PMID 18368234.
- ^ Oliveira, Viviana Maria Araújo de; Carneiro, Ana Lucia Basilio; Cauper, Glaucia Socorro de Barros; Pohlit, Adrian Martin (2009). "In vitro screening of Amazonian plants for hemolytic activity and inhibition of platelet aggregation in human blood". Acta Amazonica. 39 (4): 973–980. doi:10.1590/S0044-59672009000400026. ISSN 0044-5967.
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