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Grace Gassette

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Grace Gassette
black-and-white photograph of a white woman, Grace Gassette, from a 1918 publication.
Grace Gassette, from a 1917 publication.
Born(1871-03-28)March 28, 1871
Chicago, Illinois, US
Died1955(1955-00-00) (aged 83–84)
Woodstock, Vermont, US
Occupationartist
Known fordesigning apparatus for the healing for wounded soldiers in World War I
Gassette (left) and her stepmother serving as nurses in 1915, during World War I
Grace Gassette wearing a medal, from a 1918 publication.

Grace Gassette (March 28, 1871 — 1955) was an American artist and sculptor, decorated for her contributions to developing orthopedic devices for the treatment of war injuries, during World War I.

Early life

Grace Gassette was born in Chicago, Illinois,[1] the daughter of Norman Theodore Gassette and Martha Graves Gassette. Her father was a businessman and veteran of the American Civil War. After her mother's death, she was raised by her stepmother, Amelia Boggs Gassette.[2]

As a young woman, Gassette was a founding member of the Woman's Athletic Club in Chicago.[3] She studied with Mary Cassatt and was an art student in Paris,[4] part of the social circle of American expatriates that included Gertrude Stein and Alice Woods Ullman.[5]

Career

Gassette lived with her stepmother and worked as a portrait painter in Paris before World War I. She was in charge of surgical supplies for the American Ambulance Hospital in Neuilly-sur-Seine when the war began.[6] In 1916 Gassette was made technical director of the Franco-American Corrective Surgical Appliance Committee, a committee working on traction systems and other orthopedic supports for war-injured soldiers.[7] She used her fluent knowledge of French and of anatomy to work with surgeons and nurses, to design such devices as the Gassette Suspensory Hammock, a low-cost wooden device meant to preserve more comfort, symmetry and function for the healing body.[8] She published about her work in medical journals.[9]

Gassette was credited with making custom devices that helped hundreds of soldiers avoid or lessen amputation, deformity, and impairment after a limb injury. "I can tell you what I have done and tell you about my men," she wrote from France. "I love them and they are fine, every one of them. I guess that it is because I love them that I find a way to help them."[7] "She has, by careful study, found means to relieve the suffering and to expedite the cure of men who have had arms or legs broken or shattered," explained one report in 1918.[10] Her story was retold often in American periodicals,[11] included one account by editor Alice Stone Blackwell linking her work to women's suffrage: "As this young woman is a citizen of Illinois, when she comes home she will have the right to vote. And it will be strange indeed if any of the many right hands she has restored should ever cast a ballot against equal suffrage."[12]

The French government awarded her the Cross of the Legion of Honour for her services,[13] one of the first two American women so honored, alongside novelist Edith Wharton.[14]

Later life

Gassette lived in Bazainville after the war.[15] She taught classes,[16] and wrote two books in French on health topics, La Clé (1938), and La Santé (1950). She was consulted to treat Franklin D. Roosevelt when he was in declining health in 1944, but she offered only a packet of medicinal salts. [17] [18] She died in Woodstock, Vermont in 1955, aged 84 years.

References

  1. ^ Herbert Corey, "Chicago Girl Shows How to Save Men" Boston Globe (October 16, 1916): 4. via Newspapers.com
  2. ^ "Norman T. Gassette" The Chicago Legal News (April 4, 1891): 259.
  3. ^ Judith Cass, "Woman's A. C. Will Celebrate 40th Birthday" Chicago Tribune (December 9, 1938): 27. via Newspapers.com
  4. ^ "Honor for a Chicago Girl" Chicago Tribune (May 1, 1898): 12. via Newspapers.com
  5. ^ Brenda Wineapple, Sister Brother: Gertrude and Leo Stein (University of Nebraska Press 2008): 314. ISBN 9780803233706
  6. ^ "American Girl Bandage Maker for French" The Sun (August 1, 1915): 64. via Newspapers.com
  7. ^ a b Fanny B. Lester, "An Artist's Work in War Orthopedics" Modern Hospital (July 1917): 92-95.
  8. ^ "Extension Apparatus Designed by American Girl" The Military Surgeon (December 1915): 638-639.
  9. ^ Grace Gassette, "Wing Support for Fractured Humerus" Military Surgeon (November 1916).
  10. ^ Harold M. Parker, "She Remakes Broken Soldiers" Illustrated World (March 1918): 86-87.
  11. ^ "An Artist's Work in War-Surgery" The Literary Digest (September 22, 1917): 23-24.
  12. ^ Alice Stone Blackwell, "She Helps the Wounded" The Woman Citizen (August 3, 1917): 431.
  13. ^ "Honored by France" National Service (April 1918): 94.
  14. ^ "American Women Awarded Cross of Legion of Honor by France" Ogden Standard (July 14, 1917): 15. via Newspapers.com
  15. ^ Fifteen valuable tapestries (Parke-Bernet Galleries 1938): 22.
  16. ^ Carolyn Wilson, "Miss Grace Gassette Performs Wonders with New Surgery in France" Chicago Tribune (May 5, 1918): 14. via Newspapers.com
  17. ^ Ferrell, Robert H. (1998). The Dying President: Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1944-1945. University of Missouri Press. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-8262-1171-2. LCCN 97045797.
  18. ^ Robert H. Ferrell, The Dying President: Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1944-1945 (University of Missouri Press 1998): 34. ISBN 9780826211712
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