Chin Phui Kong
Yang Berbahagia Datuk Chin Phui Kong PGDK ADK BSK | |
|---|---|
陈培光 | |
.png) | |
| Born | 1923 |
| Nationality | Malaysian |
| Education | BSc Marine Biology |
| Alma mater | Xiamen University |
| Occupations |
|
| Years active | 1950–1978 |
| Known for | Ichthyology and author |
| Notable work |
|
| Style |
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| Office | Director of the Department of Fisheries Sabah |
| Children | 3 |
| Military career | |
| Allegiance | Allied forces |
| Service | |
| Years of service | 1944–1946 |
| Rank | First Lieutenant |
| Unit | Force 136 |
| Battles / wars | World War II |
Datuk Chin Phui Kong was a Malaysian world-renowned ichthyologist, retired civil servant, author, and World War II secret agent and veteran.
Taxon named in his honor
- Betta chini,
- Osteochilus chini and
- Neogastromyzon chini
are among the freshwater fish named after him.
Early life
Chin was born in Sandakan, British North Borneo (now known as Sabah; part of Malaysia), in 1923. He attended Chung Hwa primary school in Sandakan before being sent by his family to Guangzhou, China, for secondary school in 1941. He is stranded in China for a few years after World War II breaks out.[1][2]
World War II
Commando training
The British approached Chin and other Malayan and Borneoan students who were stranded in China in 1944 because of their trilingual ability; Malay, English, and Mandarin. They are recruited to a joint Sino-British task force, and Chin willingly enlists because he had no other choice at the time. Unaware of the nature of the task force to which he was assigned, the students were dispatched to India or Ceylon (now known as Sri Lanka) to receive commando training from the British military. Chin was trained as a commando at the Eastern Warfare School in Poona, India, before being sent to Ceylon for jungle training. Chin was then commissioned as a Second lieutenant in the British Indian Army and assigned to Force 136's Dragon Six unit before receiving parachute and demolition training in India.[3][2]
Malaya
Chin was assigned to a group of five Force 136 agents in June 1945, including two other Borneoans, Ho Su Shen (father of Datuk Ho Jia Lit, Liberal Democratic Party deputy secretary-general) and Liang Shi Ming. Their mission is to parachute into Perak to assist and train Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA) guerillas, as well as to prepare Malaya for British forces to arrive.[note 1] On 12 June 1945, he and four other agents boarded a bomber plane from Calcutta for 12 hours before jumping into Bidor, Perak. Chin recalled seeing a smoke signal before jumping out of the plane in an audio interview with the National Archives of Singapore in 2005. The team then walked for two hours before arriving at the MPAJA camp. Chin Peng is the commander of the camp where Chin arrived.[3]
Chin was tasked with interacting with Orang Asli from the Sakai tribe in addition to training MPAJA guerillas. He spent three months in the jungle before the Japanese surrendered on 2 September 1945. He took part in the Ipoh victory parade before reporting to Force 136 in Kuala Lumpur for his next mission. Force 136 was disbanded in 1946, and Chin was honourably discharged from military service with the rank of First lieutenant at the same time.[3][2]
Ichthyology
Several months after World War II ended, Chin return to China to continue his study. He was working as a government official in Fuzhou for a month before been accepted to further his study in Bachelor of Science in Marine biology at Amoy University (now known as Xiamen University). Chin returned to Malaya in 1950 and applied to work for the British colonial fisheries department, where he remained until his retirement in 1978. He is the Director of the Department of Fisheries Sabah, which is the highest position he holds.[4] He is well-known in the field of Ichthyology, having written multiple books and co-authored several others. To recognise his contributions to the field, he was awarded a Datukship,[note 2] and several fish species were named after him (e.g. Betta chini, Osteochilus chini and Neogastromyzon chini).[2][5]
His book is regarded as a national treasure, and his work was included as a text book for higher education institutions in Malaysia by then-Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamed.[6] His journals has also been published by the International Development Research Centre and the Food and Agriculture Organization.[7]
Taxon described by him
Later work
Chin was actively involved in writing about ichthyology after retiring from the government, and he was also involved in nature and history programmes.[6] He was also elected for three terms as president of The Sabah Society, a non-profit organisation that preserves historical records about Sabah.[8][9]
Honours
Honours of Malaysia
Sabah :[4]
Knight Commanders of the Order of Kinabalu (PGDK) – Datuk
Member of the Order of Kinabalu (ADK)- Grand Star of the Order of Kinabalu (BSK)
International honours
Taiwan:[10][1]
China War Memorial Medal- Honorable certificate
United Kingdom:
Works
Chin is the author or co-author of several textbooks and scientific journals. Among his works are:[11]
Books
- New species of fresh-water catfishes from North Borneo (1959). Co-author with Robert F. Inger.
- The fresh-water fishes of North Borneo (1962). Co-author with Robert F. Inger.
- Prawn otter trawl fishery in Sabah, Malaysia (1967)
- Some aspects of oyster culture in Sabah (1975)
- Oyster culture development in Sabah (1977)
- The prawn fisheries of Sabah, Malaysia (1978). Co-author with Arthur C. Simpson.
- Marine food fishes and fisheries of Sabah (1998)
- My field trip to Ulu Kinabatangan, North Borneo, with Robert Inger (2010)
Articles/Journal
- A study on the fisheries development planning systems of Malaysia
- Some aspects of oyster culture in Sabah
- Technical Consultation on Shrimp By-Catch Use
Notes
- ^ Possibly for British operations like Operation Zipper, which aims to retake Malaya and Singapore from the Japanese Imperial Army.
- ^ In several European countries, this is comparable to knighthood.
References
- ^ a b Ker, Richard (21 December 2015). "Taiwan Honours Sabahan World War II Heroes". North Borneo Historical Society. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
- ^ a b c d Sario, Ruben (18 December 2015). "Taiwan honours Sabahan war heroes". The Star. Archived from the original on 18 December 2015. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
- ^ a b c "CHIN Phui Kong (Datuk) 陈培光(拿督) – Oral History Interviews – Record Details (Accession Number 003006) – Reel/Disc 2 of 2". National Archives of Singapore (in Chinese). 29 December 2005. Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Introduction". Department of Fisheries Sabah. Archived from the original on 14 November 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ Scharpf, Christopher; Lazara, Kenneth J. (22 September 2018). "Order CYPRINIFORMES: Family CYPRINIDAE: Subfamily LABEONINAE". The ETYFish Project. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
- ^ a b c Thien, David (19 March 2016). "S'pore, Taiwan honour Sabah commandos". Daily Express. Archived from the original on 31 May 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
- ^ Allsopp, W. H. L. (1981). "Technical Consultation on Shrimp By-Catch Utilization" (PDF). Fish By-Catch... Bonus From The Sea. 198e. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre: 135–136. ISBN 0-88936-336-6.
- ^ "Oldest NGO to host lecture on Sabah Chinese experience". Borneo Post Online. 3 September 2017. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ "Past Presidents". The Sabah Society. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ "World War II Veterans Medal Awards". The Borneo Post. 22 November 2015. Archived from the original on 27 October 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ "Chin, Phui Kong 1923–: Overview". worldcat.org. Archived from the original on 27 October 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021.