Cronk ny Merriu
| Hill of the Dead | |
|---|---|
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 | |
| Location | Parish of Santon, Isle of Man |
| Coordinates | 54°06′09″N 4°34′30″W / 54.1026°N 4.5750°W |
| Built | Iron Age |
| Architectural style(s) | Promontory fort |
| Owner | Manx National Heritage |
Close to Port Grenaugh, Cronk ny Merriu (Template:Lang-en) is one of the remains of promontory forts in the Isle of Man. Cronk ny Merriu was previously considered by historians to be a prehistoric burial place due to its large grass-covered bank and name, literally translating to "Hill of the Dead".[1] The bank and ditch created a defensive promontory fort at Cronk ny Merriu. Later, a rectangular building of Norse style and layout stood here, part of a system of coastal lookout posts used to protect the coastline and to police beach markets.[1][2][3] Excavations of Cronk ny Merriu show that there was very little domestic activity, and that the Norse building likely didn't have permanent residency.[1] It's suggested that the longhouse was primarily a building for those at nearby forts to shelter from harsh weather, rather than a place of defence itself.[1] Although no scientific dating has been done, due to the similarities with fortified headlands throughout the Anglo-Celtic isles, archeologists strongly believe that this site dates back to the Celtic Iron Age.[1]
Several of the lookout posts, especially in Santon, where Cronk ny Merriu is situated, can be visited using the coastal footpath.[4] The posts were protected with a deep ditch and a rampart strengthed by large stones on their vulnerable landward side. There'd also be a heavily protected gateway, with ramparts built up on either side, for those seeking shelter in the fort.[5]
The Scandinavians who arrived in Mann in the eighth and ninth centuries sometimes re-used these Iron Age promontory forts,[5] often obliterating the old domestic quarters with their characteristic rectangular houses; the example at Cronk ny Merriu has been used as the basis of the reconstruction of the House of Manannan museum in Peel.[6]
Etymology
In the Manx language Cronk (hill) ny Merriu (the dead) means literally 'Hill of the Dead'.
References
- ^ a b c d e "Cronk ny Merriu | Culture Vannin | Isle of Man". culturevannin.im. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ "Cronk ny Merriu | Viking Archaeology". Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ "Cronk ny Merriu". Manx National Heritage. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ "Raad ny Foillan - Sections - Visit Isle of Man". www.visitisleofman.com. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ a b Carswell, Bob. The Castles and Forts of the Isle of Man. p. 1.
- ^ "Best Viking sites UK to visit: Viking Invasion of England". xyuandbeyond. Retrieved 4 September 2023.