Chaika (boat)

Chaika

Chaika boat (Beauplan's book "Description of Ukraine", 1660)
Development
Year	1500s
Role	marine warfare/transportation
Boat
Crew	50 or 60
Draft	4 m (13 ft) (board down)
Hull
Type	monohull
Construction	wood
LOA	20 m (66 ft)
Beam	3.5 m (11 ft)

17th century woodcut showing Zaporozhian Cossacks in chaikas, destroying the Turkish fleet and capturing Caffa in 1616.

A chaika (Ukrainian: чайка, chayka, Polish: czajka, Serbian: шајка / šajka, Slovene: šajka or plitka) was a wooden boat that could have a mast and sail, a type of galley, used in early modern warfare and cargo transport by the:

Chaika in the Drava Valley (1914; now northeastern Slovenia)

• Zaporozhian Cossacks in the 16th–17th centuries in Ukraine on the Dnipro River and the Black Sea.
• Serbs in the 16th-19th centuries on the Danube, known as Šajkaši, under Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire and Habsburgs.
• Slovenes from the 16th to the early 20th century on the Drava River.

Types

Austrian

Tschaika were either 24 (Ganz Tschaika) or 12 metres (Halb Tschaika) in length, operated by sail or oars. Between 30 and 50 men were in service, commanded by an officer, with an NCO helmsman, an armourer, a drummer, two bowsmen, and up to 36 oarsmen.

Zaporizhian Host (Ukraine)

Chaikas were between 18 and 20 metres in length, 3 and 3.5 metres in width, and 3.5 and 4 metres in depth. The bottom of a chaika was carved out of a single tree trunk, with sides built out of wooden planks. To protect the boat from enemy guns or from sinking, reed bales were tied to the gunwales of the boat.

Chaikas also had two helms, so that the boat never needed turning around in order to switch direction. One such boat could carry around 50 to 60 men and up to 6 falconets (small cannon).

A similar, but larger boat used by the Zaporozhian Cossacks for both transport and warfare was called a baidak.

External links

• The Viking "drakkar" and the Kozak "chaika"
• Media related to Chaika (boat) at Wikimedia Commons