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The scenic Nanwan Reservoir[1] is located within the borough of Xinyang, Henan Province, China, situated on the Shihe river, one of the largest branches of the Huai River. The dam was constructed between 1952 and 1955. The dam has resulted in protection from floods, an increase in agriculture production, electricity production, and improved navigation that benefits tourism.The Nanwan Reservoir scenic spot has rich connotations of mountains and islands. It is known as "The First Lake In Zhongyuan". It is a national forest park and national irrigation works scenery zone.
Nanwan Reservoir is a famous natural scenic spot. Nanwan Reservoir and The Nanwan Reservoir national forest park comprise The Nanwan Reservoir Scenic Spot. There are 61 islands which are covered by forests interspersed in the Nanwan Reservoir.
Since developed and constructed as a national forest scenic spot since 1991, a total investment of 80 million yuan has been invested to Nanwan Reservoir. Now 4 main scenic areas of Nanwan Reservoir scenic spot has completed,they are the water scenic area, the western hills scenic area,the dam scenic area and the pier scenic area. 42 scenic attractions has been constructed, for example, dragon Pavilion, Bird Island, Summer Island and Monkey Island,etc.
The dam is 816 metres long, 38.3 metres tall, and 8 metres wide at the crest.
The reservoir holds 16.3 cubic kilometres of water, and drains an 1100 km2 area. This capacity will reduce the frequency of major downstream flooding from once every ten years to once every 100 years.
An important function of the dam is to control flooding, which is a major problem for the seasonal river of the Huai River. Plenty of critical infrastructure is situated downstream of the dam, like Beijing-Guangzhou railway, Nanjing-Xi'an Railway, 107 State Road, 312 National Road, Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, Beijing - Kowloon fiber optic cable, and Western Union fiber optic cable.
There are approximate 20 million tourists come to Nanwan Reservoir each year, bring 30 million yuan of tourism revenue to the local government. The basic tourism system of "dinner, housing, transportation, traveling, shopping and entertainment" has been established integradedly in Nanwan Reservoir scenic spot.
Nanwan Reservoir is famous of lush forest resources, the vast expansion of green water, many exotic islands and harbor, numerous exotic animals，beautiful and fascinating flowers and plants, long history, strong folk culture. It is a multi-function eco-tourism zone which gathers natural landscape, culture sight, economic education, forest health hygienical spot.
Hundreds of smart and lovely wild monkeys live in the Monkey Island, tourists like them much. Folk songs and dances performances and snakes technical performances on the Summer Island have unique local style. Wild boar, camels, lions, tigers and other animals lived in Baishou Gardon feast the visitors eyes.
Fish grown in Nanwan Reservoir are not only delicious but also rich in trace elements. The anti-cancer element "Se" in the fish of Nanwan Reservoir is 3-5 times more than the common fish. Especially the silver carp grown in Nanwan Reservoir which has rich DHA in its head is popular health treasures.[citation needed]
Upstream area of Nanwan Reservoir is the authentic origin of Xinyang Maojian, which is a precious kind of green tea. It was imperial tribute since Tang Dynasty
