RDS-4
| RDS-4 | |
|---|---|
| Information | |
| Country | Soviet Union |
| Test site | Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakh SSR |
| Period | August 1953 |
| Number of tests | 1 |
| Test type | Atmospheric Test |
| Device type | Fission |
| Max. yield | Total yield 28 kilotons of TNT (120 TJ) |
| Test chronology | |
RDS-4 (also known as Tatyana)[1] was a Soviet nuclear bomb that was first tested at Semipalatinsk Test Site, on August 23, 1953. The device weighed approximately 1200 kg (2646 lb). The device was approximately one-third the size of the RDS-3.[2] The bomb was dropped from an IL-28 aircraft at an altitude of 11 km and exploded at 600 m, with a yield of 28 kt.[1][3]
The Soviet Union's first mass-produced tactical nuclear weapon was based on the RDS-4 and remained in service until 1966.[4][4] It used a composite core of 4.2kg Pu-239 and 6.8kg 90% enriched U-235 [5] and had a nominal yield of 30 kilotons.[3] The bomb was delivered from a Tu-4 and Tu-16 aircraft.[3] A tactical weapon based on the RDS-4 was also used on September 14, 1954 during Snowball military exercise near Totskoye (similar to Western Desert Rock exercises), when the bomb was dropped by the Tu-4 bomber (the reverse-engineered Boeing B-29).[6][7] The purpose of this exercise was not to test the bomb itself, but the ability of using it while breaking through enemy defenses (presumably in West Germany). After the explosion Soviet jet fighters were sent to fly through the mushroom cloud while tanks and infantry were forced to move through ground zero.
See also
- Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union
- Soviet atomic bomb project
- RDS-3
- RDS-37
- RDS-220 (Tsar Bomba)
References
- ^ a b Mesnyankin, Petr (July 27, 1999). "The Russian Atomic Bomb - 50 years - WebCite cache" (in Russian). Archived from the original on July 3, 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Bukharin, Oleg; Kadyshev, Timur; Miasnikov, Eugene; Sutyagin, Igor; Tarasenko, Maxim; Zhelezov, Boris (2001). Podvig, pavel (ed.). "Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces". Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c "Atomicforum:Soviet/Russian Nuclear Arsenal". Archived from the original on March 17, 2008.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|cite=(help) - ^ a b Bukharin, Oleg; Podvig, Pavel Leonardovich (January 2004). Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces. MIT Press. pp. 72–73. ISBN 978-0-262-66181-2.
- ^ "Interesting document about Soviet nuclear tests in 1953". Archived from the original on May 19, 2017.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|cite=(help) - ^ "Totskoye nuclear test, 1954". www.johnstonsarchive.net. Retrieved 2016-08-13.
- ^ Ong, Carah. "Nuclear Files: Human Nuclear Experiments". www.nuclearfiles.org. Retrieved 2016-08-13.