Embleton Tower
| Embleton Tower | |
|---|---|
| Northumberland, England, UK | |
 Embleton Vicarage, late 19th Century | |
  Embleton Tower Location in Northumberland | |
| Coordinates | 55°29′42″N 1°38′13″W / 55.495°N 1.637°W |
| Grid reference | NU23062244 |
Embleton Tower is a peel tower and Grade I listed building in the village of Embleton in Northumberland, England. Tradition states that in 1395, the tower was built to protect the minister and church goers of Embleton's Church of the Holy Trinity after the village suffered from a raid by the Scots.[1][2] It was provided for the vicar of Embleton by Merton College, Oxford, who held the patronage of the parish, in 1332. According to the Montagu Francis Finch Osborn (1843-1910), vicar of Embleton in 1884,[3] the vicarage was erected at three different periods; by 1416, the Vicar's Turris de Emyldon was known to exist.[4]
Geography
A low ridge lies between the vicarage and the sea, about a mile away at Embleton Bay. Its garden was sheltered with trees.[5] In the field adjoining the tower, there is an ancient dovecote. Dunstanburgh Castle is approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) away.[6][7] Howick is 5 miles (8.0 km) south of the vicarage.[8]
History
The tower was built in 1395, at a cost of £40. Mentioned as the vicar's property in 1415,[9] the tower was remodelled in the 16th century.[10] In about 1828, a vicarage, designed in the Tudor style by architect John Dobson, was built on one side of the tower. From 1875 to 1884, the vicarage was occupied by the historian and clergyman Mandell Creighton and his family.[11] He began his History of the Papacy at the vicarage; he and his wife Louise between them wrote a total of 15 books while there.[11] Peter Karney, the son of Bishop Arthur Karney, was the vicar from 1954 to 1974; on his retirement the vicarage passed into private hands and became known as Embleton Tower. A new vicarage was built nearby.
Architecture
The tower is three storeys high and has two vaulted rooms in the basement. Similar to the towers of Alnwick and Morpeth, the Embleton tower has stone groining.[12] Built as a rectangle with a high, plain, chamfered base, it measures 19 feet 8 inches (5.99 m) from east to west, and 40 feet 7 inches (12.37 m) from north to south. A chimney projects near the centre of the east wall. A three-light window and a small slit have been blocked up to the south side of it. There is a two-light window of the same type on the second floor. The roof rests on thin gables. It appears that the original roof was on a higher level than the present one. The embrasures are well proportioned.[9] The tower probably had a spire made of wood and lead, similar to another at Ryton.[4]
- Interior features
Internally, the first floor is not unusual. The stair to the vaults is not accessible in the present day. Some steps of the stairs that led to the second floor are, however, to be seen in a cupboard in the north-east corner. The second floor was likely one room with plain stone corbels around the walls.[9]
- Stages
The structures consists of three stages, the lower one retaining its original Norman features. The two upper stages are of the 1330-40 era, when large alterations were made in the church. The middle stage has on the west side two small square-headed windows, and on the south a small trefoil-headed one. This stage may have been used as a chamber for temporary or even more permanent residence. The parapet has an open style, with six openings. The upper belfry stage has on each side a window and is divided by a transom.
- Vaulted chambers
This tower has two vaulted chambers in its basement, the vaults both resting on a partition wall in the centre. The northern chamber is 16.5 feet (5.0 m) long from north to south, and 12.3 feet (3.7 m) wide. In the middle of the north wall is a fireplace 5.5 feet (1.7 m) wide. On the left of it is an aumbry 2 feet (0.61 m) wide and deep, and 1.7 feet (0.52 m) high; on the right is a smaller aumbry. Near the south-west corner of this vault are located two pointed doorways. These vaults, renovated with modern partitions, are approached by a door in the northern vault. The churchyard immediately to the north is much higher than the ground where the tower is located. There is a square-headed original opening at the north end of the east wall.[9] A vaulted chamber on the ground floor was a receiving area for cattle.[5]
- Vicarage
The former vicarage is a large house, built onto the fortified peel tower.[5] Constructed of black basalt, it was covered with creeping plants.
References
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne's "Proceedings" (1887)- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: L. Creighton & M. Creighton's " Life and letters of Mandell Creighton: D.D. Oxon. and Cam., sometime bishop of London" (1904)
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Northumberland county history committee's "A history of Northumberland" (1895)
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: The Academy Publishing co.'s "The Academy and literature" (1885)
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Frederick Richard Wilson's "An architectural survey of the churches in the Archdeaconry of Lindisfarne in the county of Northumberland: containing plans and views of seventy-nine fabrics and sketches of the principal antiquities in them" (1870)
- Covert, James (2000), A Victorian Marriage: Mandell and Louise Creighton, London and New York: Hambledon and London. Pp. xv, 412, 35 plates, ISBN 1-85285-260-7
- Fry, Plantagenet Somerset, The David & Charles Book of Castles, David & Charles, 1980. ISBN 0-7153-7976-3
- ^ Pettifer, Adrian (1 June 2002). English Castles: A Guide by Counties. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 184–. ISBN 978-0-85115-782-5. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ Donaghy, Peter; Laidler, John (1 June 2002). Northumbria Church Walks. Sigma Leisure. pp. 29–. ISBN 978-1-85058-768-2. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ "House's Embleton connection". THE NORTHUMBRIAN MAGAZINE (123). Powdene Publicity Ltd. August–September 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-04-25.
- ^ a b Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne (1887). Proceedings (Public domain ed.). G. Nicholson. pp. 71–. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ a b c Creighton, Louise; Creighton, Mandell (1904). Life and letters of Mandell Creighton: D.D. Oxon. and Cam., sometime bishop of London (Public domain ed.). Longmans, Green. pp. 151–. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ Fry, Plantagenet Somerset (31 March 2008). Castles. David & Charles. pp. 105–. ISBN 978-0-7153-2692-3. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ^ Catholic Record Society (Great Britain) (1982). Recusant history. Catholic Record Society. p. 180. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ^ Atlantic monthly. Atlantic Monthly Co. 1901. pp. 681–. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ^ a b c d Northumberland county history committee (1895). A history of Northumberland (Public Domain ed.). A. Reid, sons & co. pp. 74–. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ The Academy and literature (Public domain ed.). The Academy Publishing co. 1885. pp. 125–. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ a b Covert 2000
- ^ Wilson, Frederick Richard (1870). An architectural survey of the churches in the Archdeaconry of Lindisfarne in the county of Northumberland: containing plans and views of seventy-nine fabrics and sketches of the principal antiquities in them (Public domain ed.). Printed and photo-lithographed by M. and M. W. Lambert. pp. 195–. Retrieved 23 October 2011.