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Nož, žica, Srebrenica

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Nož, žica, Srebrenica (Serbian Cyrillic: Нож, жица, Сребреница, lit. translation: The Knife, The Barbed Wire, Srebrenica) is a Serbian-chauvinist hate slogan which glorifies the Srebrenica massacre of Bosniaks during the Bosnian War. It rhymes in Serbo-Croatian. It can be heard at football matches, by members of Serbian nationalist groups Obraz, the 1389 Movement and the Serbian Radical Party, and in papers in support of Serb general Ratko Mladić.

Although the slogan Nož, žica, Srebrenica appears on huge banners at games, public meetings and events in the Republika Srpska and Serbia, Serb authorities do not react to it. Occasionally "Biće repriza!" (There Will Be a Repeat!) is added to the slogan, celebrating the killings and threatening a future massacre.[1]

Background

Main article: Srebrenica massacre

More than 8,000 men and boys under UN military protection were murdered in the vicinity of Srebenica in 1995 by the Army of Republika Srpska.[2] The Srebenica massacre has been denied by many Serbs, including Milorad Dodik, the president of Republika Srpska.[3]

Incidents

To commemorate the tenth anniversary of the massacre in 2005, 28 billboards were set up around Belgrade. Unknown perpetrators vandalized 24 of the billboards, with Nož, žica, Srebrenica being spray-painted in addition to other terms.[4]

On 10 July 2005, members of the far-right 1389 Movement broke up a meeting of Women in Black by shouting the slogan and throwing smoke bombs.[5]

Use at sports games

In 2002, at a soccer game in Sarajevo, fans of the Banja Luka-based team held up a sign with the slogan on it.[6] In February 2012, a few fans of Maribor chanted it at a handball match between teams from Maribor, Slovenia and Gradačac, Bosnia and Herzegovina.[7] On 11 March 2014, a friendly match between youth teams from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia in the stadium "Doktor Milan Jelić" in Modriča was terminated after 60 minutes due to improper chanting of Nož, žica, Srebrenica in the stands.[8] The referee stopped the match for a few minutes within the first half of the game following hateful anti-Bosniak chants from the audience.[9] The audience was reacting to the exclusion of Milan Gajić, a player for the Serbian OFK Belgrade, who verbally assaulted Bosniak judge Elvis Mujović. The crowd shouted "Ubij Turčina" (Kill the Turk!), an ethnic slur used by Serbs in reference to Bosniaks.[10]

Other related slogans, and including Nož, žica, Srebrenica, were used at an international match between Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina during the 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification such as Ratko, hvala ti ("Ratko Mladić, Thank you"),[11] Škorpioni (in reference to Serbian paramilitary unit Scorpions), aforementioned Ubij Turčina ("Kill the Turk"),[12] Biće Bosna srce Srbije ("Bosnia will be the heart of Serbia"),[13] and Bijeljina Srbija, nikad BiH ("Bijeljina [is] Serbia, never B&H"), where Serbs of Bijeljina (in Republika Srpska) apparently expressed their support for Serbia and not the country of which they are citizens.[14]

Use by others

Although it is mainly a Serbian slogan, it is also common to see Croats chanting anti-Bosniak chants. Anti-Bosniak expressions among Croats are also seen with "Nož, žica, Srebrenica" was deemed due to hostility among Croats and Bosniaks. During 2018 FIFA World Cup, after Croatia beat England 2–1, a lot of Croats celebrating victory chanted the slogan. It was thought to be a response after the death of Slobodan Praljak, who was accused for war crimes against Bosniaks but praised as a Croatian hero.[15]

In Greece, the issue raised during the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification when the Greeks raised the same banner of hatred against Bosniaks. Greece drew 1–1 to Bosnia, which secured Greece's position to qualify for the playoff.[16] Greek soccer body apologized aftermath.[17]

Brenton Tarrant, who was behind the Christchurch mosque shootings, was inspired by the mass murder of Bosniaks by Army of Rebulika Srpska at 1995, praising the slogan as a symbol.[18]

See also

References

  1. ^ Sarah Wagner (2 October 2008). To Know Where He Lies: DNA Technology and the Search for Srebrenica's Missing. University of California Press. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-520-94262-2.
  2. ^ Potocari Memorial Center Preliminary List of Missing Persons from Srebrenica '95 [1]
  3. ^ Arslanagic, Sabina (3 December 2010). "Dodik Again Denies Srebrenica Genocide". Balkan Insight.
  4. ^ Human Rights Watch: Dangerous Indifference. Human Rights Watch. pp. 30–. GGKEY:KPST66TW047.
  5. ^ "Politika, nastavak fašizma drugim sredstvima". E Novine. 2 March 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  6. ^ Lara J. Nettelfield (17 May 2010). Courting Democracy in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Cambridge University Press. pp. 140–. ISBN 978-0-521-76380-6.
  7. ^ "Neukusno navijanje mariborskih navijačev: Nož, žica, Srebrenica". 24 ur. 13 February 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  8. ^ ""Nož, žica, Srebrenica" prekinulo meč BiH - Srbija". RTS. 11 March 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  9. ^ "FSS: Navijači koji su skandirali "Nož, žica, Srebrenica" nisu dostojni ni Srbije ni fudbala!". 6yka. 12 March 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  10. ^ "Prekid susreta zbog sramotnih povika "Nož, žica, Srebrenica"". 24 sata. 12 March 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  11. ^ "POTPREDSJEDNIK FSS: "Šta bi bilo da je u Beogradu uzvikivano 'Nož, žica, Srebrenica'?" (in Bosnian). slobodna-bosna.ba. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  12. ^ Nezavisne Novine (14 October 2005). "CILJ JE BIO DA SE REPREZENTACIJA BiH KRIMINALNIM I TERORISTIÈKO-BOMBAŠKIM SREDSTVIMA IZBACI IZ TAKTA" (in Bosnian). bosnjaci.net. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  13. ^ "Balkanski lonac" (in Serbian). vreme.com. 20 October 2005. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  14. ^ "How Edin Džeko united Bosnia". theguardian.com. 8 June 2014. Retrieved 24 February 2016.
  15. ^ https://twitter.com/cjwerleman/status/1017907048275513345
  16. ^ https://www.101greatgoals.com/news/greek-fans-raise-obscene-banner-insulting-the-bosnian-genocide-during-the-srebrenica-massacre/
  17. ^ http://www.ekathimerini.com/213689/article/ekathimerini/sports/greece-soccer-body-apologizes-to-bosnia-for-fans-banner
  18. ^ https://www.srebrenica.org.uk/information/new-zealand-mosque-terrorist-inspired-by-serbian-nationalist-convicted-of-genocide-of-muslims-in-srebrenica/
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