Hypospermia
| -spermia, Further information: Testicular infertility factors |
| Aspermia—lack of semen; anejaculation |
| Asthenozoospermia—sperm motility below lower reference limit |
| Azoospermia—absence of sperm in the ejaculate |
| Hyperspermia—semen volume above upper reference limit |
| Hypospermia—semen volume below lower reference limit |
| Oligospermia—total sperm count below lower reference limit |
| Necrospermia—absence of living sperm in the ejaculate |
| Teratospermia—fraction of normally formed sperm below lower reference limit |
Hypospermia is a condition in which a man has an unusually low ejaculate (or semen) volume, less than 1.5 mL.[1] It is the logical opposite of hyperspermia. It should not be confused with oligospermia, which means low sperm count.
Normal ejaculate when a man is not drained from prior sex and is suitably aroused is around 1.5–6 mL, although this varies greatly with mood, physical condition and sexual activity. Of this, around 1% by volume is sperm cells. Hypospermia would only usually be a factor in infertility if the two conditions (hypospermia and oligospermia) are combined.[2] The U.S.-based National Institutes of Health defines hypospermia as a semen volume lower than 2 mL on at least two semen analyses.[3]
The presence of high levels of fructose (a sugar) is normal in the semen and this comes almost entirely from the seminal vesicles. The seminal vesicles, major contributors to ejaculate volume, render semen pH basic. Thus, low fructose may indicate problems in the prostatic pathway, while low semen pH may indicate problems related to the seminal vesicles. Obstruction of the seminal vesicles results in low semen volumes since they normally produce 70% of the seminal plasma.
See also
References
- ^ Padubidri; Daftary (2011). Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology (15th ed.). p. 204. ISBN 978-81-312-2548-6.
- ^ Doc shop Hypospermia
- ^ Robin G, Marcelli F, Mitchell V, Marchetti C, Lemaitre L, Dewailly D, Leroy-Billiard M, Rigot JM (2008). "[Why and how to assess hypospermia?]". Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 36: 1035–42. doi:10.1016/j.gyobfe.2008.04.021. PMID 18801689.
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