The Adventure of the Creeping Man

"The Adventure of the Creeping Man"
Short story by Arthur Conan Doyle
Publication
Publication date	1923
Series	The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes

"The Adventure of the Creeping Man" (1923) is one of 12 Sherlock Holmes short stories by Arthur Conan Doyle collected in The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes (1927). The story was first published in the Strand Magazine in the UK and Hearst's International in the US in March 1923.

Synopsis

A man named Trevor Bennett comes to Holmes with a most unusual problem. He is Professor Presbury's personal secretary, and Mr Bennett is also engaged to the professor's only daughter, Edith. Professor Presbury is himself engaged to a young lady, Alice Morphy, a colleague's daughter, although he himself is already 61 years of age. Their impending marriage does not seem to have caused a great scandal, so that is not Mr Bennett's problem. Nonetheless, the trouble seems to have begun at about the time of Professor Presbury's and Alice's engagement. First, the professor suddenly left home for a fortnight without telling anyone where he was going. He returned looking rather travel-worn, and it was only through a letter from a friend sent to Mr Bennett that the family learnt that Professor Presbury had been to Prague. Upon returning from Prague, Presbury told Mr Bennett that certain letters would arrive with a cross under the stamp, and that he was not to open these. Until this time, Mr Bennett had enjoyed the professor's implicit trust and had opened all his letters as part of his job. As the professor said, such letters did arrive, and he gave them straight to the professor. Whether any replies were sent Mr Bennett does not know, as they never passed through his hands. The professor also brought a small carved wooden box back with him from Prague. One day, as Mr Bennett was looking for a cannula, he picked the box up, and the professor became very angry with him. Mr Bennett was quite shaken by the incident.

The whole household feels that they are living with another man, not the Professor Presbury that they once knew. He has become furtive and sly, and there are definite changes in his moods and habits, some of which are quite bizarre; however, his mind does not seem to be adversely affected. His lectures are still brilliant, and he can still function as a professor. Mr Bennett also observed a curious behaviour in his employer. He opened his bedroom door one night, as he tells Holmes and Watson, and saw the professor crawling along the hall on his hands and feet. When he spoke to Professor Presbury, his master swore at him and scuttled off to the stairway. Edith Presbury, who arrives at 221B Baker Street halfway through her fiancé's interview with Holmes, says that she saw her father at her bedroom window one night at two o'clock in the morning. Her bedroom is on the second floor, and there is no long ladder in the garden. She is positive that she did not imagine this.

Also, the professor's usually faithful Irish Wolfhound has taken to attacking him on occasion, and has had to be chained up outside. Holmes knows from his study of dogs that this is significant. Mr Bennett also mentions that the dog attacks happened on July 2, 11 and 20. Holmes does not mention it aloud at the time, but these are intervals of nine days.

Holmes and Watson go to the university city of Camford to see the professor the next day. They decide to pretend that they have an appointment, and that if Professor Presbury does not remember making one, he will probably put it down to the dreamworld that he has recently been living in. Things do not go quite this way. The professor is quite sure that he has made no appointment, and confirms this with an embarrassed Mr Bennett. Presbury then becomes furiously angry at the intrusion, and for a minute Dr Watson thinks that they might have to fight their way out of the house. Mr Bennett, however, convinces the professor that violence against a man as well known as Sherlock Holmes would surely bring about a scandal, so Presbury allows the two visitors to depart. Holmes and Watson leave, and then Holmes confides to Watson that the visit has been worthwhile, as he has learnt much about the professor's mind, namely that it is clear and functional, despite the recent peculiar behaviour. Mr Bennett comes out of the house after Holmes and tells him that he has found the address to/from which Professor Presbury has been writing/receiving the mysterious letters. The addressee is a man named Dorak, a Central European name, which fits in with the professor's secret journey to Prague. Holmes later finds out from Mercer, his "general utility man", that Dorak is indeed a Bohemian, an elderly, suave man who keeps a large general store. Before leaving the professor's house, Holmes takes a look at Edith's bedroom window, and sees that the only possible way for someone to climb up there is by using the creeper, rather unlikely for a 61-year-old man.

Holmes has formed a theory that every nine days, Professor Presbury takes some kind of drug which causes the odd behaviour. Holmes believed that he became addicted in Prague, and is now supplied by this Dorak in London. Holmes has told Mr Bennett that he and Watson will be in Camford once again on the next Tuesday. As is usual with Holmes, he does not explain why. He and Watson show up on the appointed evening, and Holmes suddenly realises something. He has observed the professor's thick and horny knuckles, and until now, has not made the connection between these, the odd behaviour, the dog's change in attitude towards his master, and the creeper. The professor is behaving like a monkey.

Shortly after the realisation, Holmes and Watson are treated to a firsthand display of Professor Presbury's odd behaviour. He comes out of the house, scampers about on all fours, climbs on the creeper, and torments the tied-up dog. Unfortunately, the wolfhound gets loose and attacks the professor. The two of them, with Mr Bennett's help, manage to get the dog off the professor, but he is wounded badly. Watson and Bennett, who is also a medical man, tend to the professor's injuries.

Holmes then examines the professor's little wooden box after having obtained the key from the now unconscious owner. It contained a drug, as Holmes expected, but there was also a letter there from a man named Lowenstein who, it turns out, is a quack whose help the professor sought out as a way of achieving rejuvenation, which he thought would be advisable if he were going to marry a young woman. The drug is an extract obtained from langurs, and although it has apparently given the professor renewed energy, it has also given him some of the langur's traits.

Commentaries

David Stuart Davies, who has written an afterword for the Case-Book, comments that this story "veers towards risible science fiction". Indeed, there is something a bit less scientific in this story than is usually the case with Conan Doyle's writing. This is one of four stories said to be forged "drivel" in Nicholas Meyer's 1974 novel The Seven-Per-Cent Solution. (The other three are also from The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes.)

Ancient philosophy scholar Jonathan Barnes writes of encountering the story as a child and finding it "one of the richest and most singular investigations of Holmes's long career – an opinion which I have had no reason to change...Revisited in adulthood, the story reveals itself as a sour parable about the endurance of lust, a lurid treatment of the question that is put to Falstaff as Doll Tearsheet fidgets on his knee: 'is it not strange that desire should so many years outlive performance?'. Yet, curiously, the feeling persists that there is something in the narrative – hidden, submerged – which the reader is not permitted to comprehend but which forms the source of its power."

Publication history

"The Adventure of the Creeping Man" was first published in the UK in The Strand Magazine in March 1923, and in the US in Hearst's International in the same month. The story was published with five illustrations by Howard K. Elcock in the Strand, and with six illustrations by Frederic Dorr Steele in Hearsts's International. It was included in the short story collection The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes, which was published in the UK and the US in June 1927.

Adaptations

The story was adapted by Edith Meiser as an episode of the radio series The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. The episode aired on 2 February 1931, with Richard Gordon as Sherlock Holmes and Leigh Lovell as Dr. Watson. Other dramatisations of the story also aired on the related radio series The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes on 27 November 1939 (as "The Mystery of the Creeping Man") and 9 July 1943 (both times with Basil Rathbone as Holmes and Nigel Bruce as Watson) and on 10 March 1947, with Tom Conway as Holmes and Bruce as Watson.

The story was dramatised in 1991 in Granada TV's Sherlock Holmes, starring Jeremy Brett as Holmes and Edward Hardwicke as Watson. The adaptation is relatively faithful to the plot, but includes a subplot involving Inspector Lestrade investigating the theft of various primates from London's zoos: these are later revealed by Holmes to be the sources from which Dorak obtains his serum.

"The Creeping Man" was also dramatised for BBC Radio 4 in 1994 by Robert Forrest as part of Bert Coules’ complete radio adaptation of the canon, starring Clive Merrison as Holmes and Michael Williams as Watson, and featuring Robin Ellis as Professor Presbury and Annabel Mullion as Alice Murphy.

In 2010, the story was adapted for radio as part of the Imagination Theatre radio series The Classic Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, with John Patrick Lowrie as Holmes and Lawrence Albert as Watson.

Sources

Lowenstein's development of a "rejuvenation serum" derived from monkeys parallels actual treatments popularised in the early twentieth century, notably those of the Russian-born surgeon Serge Voronoff, who had experimented with injections of extracts from animal glands; in the 1920s he popularised the transplantation into humans of tissue from monkey testicles.

Notes and references

Notes

Sources

• Cawthorne, Nigel (2011). A Brief History of Sherlock Holmes. Running Press. ISBN 978-0762444083.
• Dickerson, Ian (2019). Sherlock Holmes and His Adventures on American Radio. BearManor Media. ISBN 978-1629335087.
• Smith, Daniel (2014) [2009]. The Sherlock Holmes Companion: An Elementary Guide (Updated ed.). Aurum Press. ISBN 978-1-78131-404-3.