Ado Birk
Ado Birk | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 3rd Prime Minister of Estonia | |
| In office 28 July 1920 – 30 July 1920 | |
| Preceded by | Jaan Tõnisson |
| Succeeded by | Jaan Tõnisson |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 14 November 1883 Mõnnaste, Tarvastu Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire |
| Died | 2 February 1942 (aged 58) Sosva, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR |
| Nationality | Estonian |
| Political party | People's Party National Centre Party later none |
| Alma mater | Saint Petersburg Theological Academy University of Tartu Saint Petersburg State University University of Leipzig |
| Profession | lawyer |
Ado Birk (also known as Aadu Birk, Aado Birk or Avdei Birk; 14 November [O.S. 2 November] 1883 – 2 February 1942), was an Estonian politician who was the Estonian Prime Minister for three days, from 28 July 1920 to 30 July 1920.
Biography
Ado Birk was born in Kulbisaare farmstead,[1] Mõnnaste village, Tarvastu Parish, Kreis Fellin, Governorate of Livonia. He graduated from the Theological (Orthodox) Seminary in Riga, studied in the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy, and in the law departments of the Tartu (1907–1908), Saint Petersburg (1908–1911) and Leipzig (1911) universities.
Between 1911–1912 he was Head of the Tallinn Statistical Bureau. From 1912–1917 he worked as a solicitor to barrister Jaan Poska.
In 1917 he was made provisional secretary of the Estonian Province Assembly (Eesti Maanõukogu), and in 1918 was made representative of Estonia in Helsinki, Finland. From 1918 to 1919 he was Chairman of Estonian Province Assembly and chairman of General Committee of Elections to the Constituent Assembly (Asutav Kogu). From 1919 to 1920 he was vice chairman of Constituent Assembly and Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was prime minister for three days from 28 July 1920 to 30 July 1920. Between 1917–1924, Birk was also chairman of the Tallinn Voluntary Society of Firemen, in 1919–1922 chairman of the All-Estonian Union of Firemen. He was again appointed foreign minister in 1925 but on a caretaker capacity.[2]
He served in the Estonian mission to Russia from 1922 to 1926.[3] An account detailed how he was recruited by the Soviet's department of intelligence (KRO) acting under a false flag.[3]
In the second half of 1920s and in the 1930s, he became active in the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church (EAOC), and in 1939–1940 was the Ecumenical Secretary of the EAOC whilst serving as a businessman in Tallinn.
With the onset of the Second World War, he was arrested by the NKVD (People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs, (the Soviet secret police) and on 14 June 1941, was in the Sosva prison camp, and was sentenced to death but died before the execution at Sosva, Sverdlovsk oblast, Russia (see Gulag).
References
- ^ "Ado Birk võeti lõplikult Eesti riigipeade seltskonda". Postimees (in Estonian). 29 July 2008. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
- ^ Tamman, Tina (2011). The last ambassador: August Torma, soldier, diplomat, spy. Amsterdam: Rodopi. p. 39. ISBN 978-90-420-3314-6.
- ^ a b Haslam, Jonathan (2015). Near and Distant Neighbors: A New History of Soviet Intelligence. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-374-21990-1.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
- Use dmy dates from September 2011
- 1883 births
- 1942 deaths
- People from Viljandi Parish
- People from the Governorate of Livonia
- Eastern Orthodox Christians from Estonia
- Estonian People's Party politicians
- Prime Ministers of Estonia
- Government ministers of Estonia
- Members of the Estonian Provincial Assembly
- Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly
- Members of the Riigikogu
- Envoys of Estonia to the Soviet Union
- People who died in the Gulag
- Estonian people who died in prison custody
- 20th-century Estonian politicians