Wine lactone

Wine lactone
Names
	IUPAC name (3S,3aS,7aR)-3,6-Dimethyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one
Identifiers
CAS Number	182699-77-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	8996256 ;
PubChem CID	10820954;
UNII	PBI72OD596 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID401316705 DTXSID90886239, DTXSID401316705 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C10H14O2/c1-6-3-4-8-7(2)10(11)12-9(8)5-6/h5,7-9H,3-4H2,1-2H3/t7-,8-,9-/m0/s1 Key: NQWBFQXRASPNLB-CIUDSAMLSA-N;
	SMILES O=C1O[C@H]2/C=C(\CC[C@H]2[C@@H]1C)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C10H14O2
Molar mass	166.220 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Wine lactone is a pleasant smelling compound found naturally in apples, orange juice, grapefruit juice, orange essential oil, clementine peel oil and various grape wines. It was first discovered as an essential oil metabolite in koala urine by Southwell in 1975.^[1] It was discovered several years later by Guth in white wines and was named "wine lactone".^[2] This monoterpene imparts "coconut, woody and sweet" odors to a wine. There are 8 possible isomers of wine lactone with the (3S, 3a S, 7aR) isomer being the only one that has been found in wine.^[3] This isomer is also the most potent of all eight with an odor detection threshold of 10 ng/L in model wine.

The odor threshold of the (3S,3aS,7aR)-wine lactone stereoisomer is 0.00001-0.00004 ng/l in air.^[3]

References

^ Southwell, I. A. (1975). "Essential oil metabolism in the koala iii novel urinary monoterpenoid lactones". Tetrahedron Letters. 16 (24): 1885–1888. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)72311-2.
^ Bonnlander, B.; Baderschneider, B.; Messerer, M.; Winterhalter, P. (1998). "Isolation of Two Novel Terpenoid Glucose Esters from Riesling Wine". J. Agric. Food Chem. 46 (4): 1474–1478. doi:10.1021/jf9706033.
^ ^a ^b Guth, H. (1996). "Determination of the Configuration of Wine Lactone". Helvetica Chimica Acta. 79 (6): 1559–1571. doi:10.1002/hlca.19960790606.

External links

Leffingwell website lists a number of wine lactone variants, notably the 0.00001-0.00004 ng/l version with animated structures

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[1] Southwell, I. A. (1975). "Essential oil metabolism in the koala iii novel urinary monoterpenoid lactones". Tetrahedron Letters. 16 (24): 1885–1888. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)72311-2.

[2] Bonnlander, B.; Baderschneider, B.; Messerer, M.; Winterhalter, P. (1998). "Isolation of Two Novel Terpenoid Glucose Esters from Riesling Wine". J. Agric. Food Chem. 46 (4): 1474–1478. doi:10.1021/jf9706033.

[Guth-3] Guth, H. (1996). "Determination of the Configuration of Wine Lactone". Helvetica Chimica Acta. 79 (6): 1559–1571. doi:10.1002/hlca.19960790606.

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