Lithocarpus kalkmanii
| Lithocarpus kalkmanii | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Fagaceae |
| Genus: | Lithocarpus |
| Species: | L. kalkmanii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Lithocarpus kalkmanii | |
Lithocarpus kalkmanii is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. This species is named for the Dutch botanist Cornelis Kalkman.[2] Trees in Lithocarpus are commonly known as the stone oaks and the common name for this species would be Kalkman's stone oak. This species has not been evaluated by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Description
Lithocarpus kalkmanii grows as a tree up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 60 cm (24 in). The brownish or greyish bark is cracked or lenticellate. Its coriaceous leaves are tomentose and measure up to 15.5 cm (6 in) long. The dark brown acorns are roundish and measure up to 6 cm (2 in) across.[2] This species produces fruits with an 'enclosed receptacle' morphology, where the seed becomes embedded in the basal tissue of the fruit as it develops.[3] This basal material becomes woody, granular and hard and replaces the outer wall of the ovary as the mechanically protective tissue for the seed.
Classification
This species probably belongs to the subgenus Eulithocarpus, based on Camus' infrageneric classification system,[4] because of its 'ER' fruit morphology and the few widely spaced concentric lamellae[disambiguation needed] on the cupule.
Distribution and habitat
Lithocarpus kalkmanii is endemic to Borneo where it is known only from Sabah.[1][2] Its habitat is mixed dipterocarp to montane forests from 1,000 m (3,000 ft) to 1,500 m (5,000 ft) altitude.[2]
References
- ^ a b "Lithocarpus kalkmanii". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
- ^ a b c d Soepadmo, E.; Julia, L.; Go, Rusea (2000). "Lithocarpus kalkmanii S. Julia & Soepadmo". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). Vol. 3. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 64, 66. ISBN 983-2181-06-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
- ^ Cannon, Charles H.; Manos, Paul S. (2000). "The Bornean Lithocarpus Bl. section Synaedrys (Lindl.) Barnett (Fagaceae): its circumscription and description of a new species" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 133 (3): 343–357. doi:10.1006/bojl.1999.0325. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
- ^ Camus, Aimee (1948). "Les chenes. Monographie des genres Quercus et Lithocarpus, Atlas vol. 3". Encyclopedie Economique de Sylviculture. 7: 152–165.