Jump to content

International Docking System Standard

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Andrew W Woods (talk | contribs) at 11:58, 20 July 2020 (→Hard Capture System). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

IDSS Rev D

The International Docking System Standard (IDSS) is an international standard for spacecraft docking adapters. It was created by the International Space Station Multilateral Coordination Board, on behalf of the International Space Station partner organizations; NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, ESA, and the Canadian Space Agency.

The IDSS was originally formulated in 2010.[1] The plan is for all cooperating agencies to make their future docking systems IDSS compatible.[citation needed]

Design

The IDSS docking mechanism is androgynous, uses low impact technology and allows both docking and berthing.[2] It supports both autonomous and piloted docking and features pyrotechnics for contingency undocking. Once mated, the IDSS interface can transfer power, data, commands, air, communication, and in future implementations, will be able to transfer water, fuel, oxidizer and pressurant as well.[3]

The passage for crew and cargo transfer has a diameter of 0.8 meters (31 in).[4]

The IDSS has a 2-phase docking procedure consisting of a soft capture and hard capture system.

Soft Capture System

The soft capture system (SCS) of the active docking system is extended while the passive system remains retracted, each SCS consists of 3 equally spaced petals around the docking ring. As the spacecraft approach each other, the petals on the SCS align the two docking rings and the two become mechanical latched. 6 servo-actuated legs then remove any relative motion and may begin to retract. The use of the SCS allows for 6 degrees of freedom, reducing the accuracy requirement of initial docking procedures.

Hard Capture System

Once soft capture is achieved, the hard capture system (HCS) can begin final structural mating. It consist of 12 pairs of mechanical hooks on both the passive and active port. Guide pins are used to ensure accurate alignment of the docking rings to properly allow the hooks to engage. Once the hooks are fully driven, the docking ports electrical connectors can begin transferring data and the docking procedure is complete. [5]

Implementations

The NASA Docking System is NASA's implementation of the IDSS.[6] The International Docking Adapter converts older Russian APAS-95 docking systems to the International Docking System Standard. NASA set June 2016 as the starting date to construct 4 of the NASA Docking System units for the Commercial Crew Development program.[7][link broken] Two International Docking Adapters have been sent to the International Space Station, and another was destroyed on ascent.[8]

The ESA's International Berthing and Docking Mechanism is their IDSS compatible docking system.

The planned Power and Propulsion Element of the Lunar Gateway will be IDSS compatible.[9]

In March 2020, Space.com reported that a Chinese crew capsule is possibly IDSS compatible.[10]

References

  1. ^ "New international standard for spacecraft docking". European Space Agency. Retrieved 2015-11-21.
  2. ^ NASA Docking System (NDS) Technical Integration Meeting (2010-11-17)
  3. ^ Parma, George (2011-05-20). "Overview of the NASA Docking System and the International Docking System Standard" (PDF). NASA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
  4. ^ "International Docking System Standard (IDSS) Interface Definitions Document (IDD) Revision D April 2015" (PDF). International Docking System Standard. ISS Multilateral Control Board. Retrieved October 31, 2015.
  5. ^ "International Docking System Standard (IDSS) Interface Definition Document (IDD)" (PDF). Retrieved 7 June 2020. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  6. ^ Garcia, Mark. "Meet the International Docking Adapter". NASA. Retrieved 2015-11-21.
  7. ^ "Draft Request for Proposal, NNK14467515R, CCtCap" (PDF). NASA. p. 8. Retrieved July 22, 2013.
  8. ^ "Second docking adapter for commercial crew vehicles installed on International Space Station". TechCrunch. Retrieved 2020-05-14.
  9. ^ Robinson, Julie A. (11 October 2018). "Update on Gateway with Science and Technology (Utilization) Discussion" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ Andrew Jones 30 March 2020. "China's new crew spacecraft looks like it could dock with the International Space Station". Space.com. Retrieved 2020-05-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)


Stub icon

This space- or spaceflight-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Docking_System_Standard&oldid=968607245"