Middle Gujarati

Middle Gujarati
Middle Gujarati
Era	Developed into Modern Gujarati by the 19th century
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Western Gujarati languages Middle Gujarati; ; ; ; ;
Early forms	Gurjar Apabhraṃśa Old Gujarati ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	None

Middle Gujarati (AD 1500–1800), split off from Rajasthani, and developed the phonemes ɛ and ɔ, the auxiliary stem ch-, and the possessive marker -n-.^[2] Major phonological changes characteristic of the transition between Old and Middle Gujarati are:^[3]

i, u develop to ə in open syllables
diphthongs əi, əu change to ɛ and ɔ in initial syllables and to e and o elsewhere
əũ develops to ɔ̃ in initial syllables and to ű in final syllables

These developments would have grammatical consequences. For example, Old Gujarati's instrumental-locative singular in -i was leveled and eliminated, having become the same as Old Gujarati's nominative/accusative singular in -ə.^[3]

References

^ Ernst Kausen, 2006. Die Klassifikation der indogermanischen Sprachen (Microsoft Word, 133 KB)
^ Mistry 2003, pp. 115–116
^ ^a ^b Cardona & Suthar 2003, p. 661

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[1] Ernst Kausen, 2006. Die Klassifikation der indogermanischen Sprachen (Microsoft Word, 133 KB)

[2] Mistry 2003, pp. 115–116

[CardonaSuthar661-3] Cardona & Suthar 2003, p. 661

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