Capulus

Capulus; Temporal range: 443.8–0.0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Silurian to Recent
	Two shells of Capulus ungaricus with the periostracum removed
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Order:	Littorinimorpha
Family:	Capulidae
Genus:	Capulus; Montfort, 1810
Type species
	Patella ungarica; Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms
	Actita Fischer von Waldheim, 1823 (Unnecessary substitute name for Capulus and Pileopsis); Brocchia Bronn, 1828; Capulonix Iredale, 1929; Pileopsis Lamarck, 1822; Pileopsis (Brocchia) Bronn, 1828;

Capulus is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Capulidae, the cap snails.^[1]

Species

Species within the genus Capulus include:

Capulus badius Dunker, 1882
Capulus californicus Dall, 1900
Capulus compressus E. A. Smith, 1891
Capulus danieli (Crosse, 1858)
† Capulus deurganckensis Marquet & Landau, 2006
Capulus devexus (May, 1916)
Capulus dilatatus A. Adams, 1860
Capulus elegans (Tapparone Canefri, 1877)
Capulus fragilis E. A. Smith, 1904
Capulus huangi S.-I Huang & Y.-F. Huang, 2012
Capulus japonicus A. Adams, 1861
Capulus kawamurai Habe, 1992
Capulus ngai Thach, 2016
Capulus novaezelandiae Dell, 1978
Capulus otohimeae (Habe, 1946)
† Capulus partimsinuosus (S. V. Wood, 1848)
Capulus sericeus J. Burch & R. Burch, 1961
Capulus simplex Locard, 1898^[2]
† Capulus sinuosus (Brocchi, 1814)
Capulus spondylicola Habe, 1967
Capulus subcompressus Pelseneer, 1903^[3]
Capulus ungaricoides (d'Orbigny, 1841)
Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758)^[4]
Capulus violaceus Angas, 1867

Species brought into synonymy

Capulus bicarinatus (Pease, 1861a): synonym of Amathina bicarinata Pease, 1861
Capulus chilensis Dall, 1904: synonym of Capulus ungaricoides (d'Orbigny, 1841)
† Capulus corrugatus (extinct/fossil) ^[5]: synonym of † Capulus partimsinuosus (S. V. Wood, 1848)
Capulus devotus Hedley, 1904: synonym of Malluvium devotum (Hedley, 1904) (original combination)
Capulus galea Dall, 1889: synonym of Hyalorisia galea (Dall, 1889)
Capulus galeus [sic]: synonym of Capulus galea Dall, 1889: synonym of Hyalorisia galea (Dall, 1889)
Capulus hungaricus [sic]: synonym of Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Capulus incurvus (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Hipponix incurvus (Gmelin, 1791)
Capulus intortus (Lamarck, 1822):^[6] synonym of Hipponix incurvus (Gmelin, 1791)
Capulus kawamurai Habe, 1992: synonym of Capulus danieli (Crosse, 1858)
Capulus liberatus Pease, 1868: synonym of Krebsia liberata (Pease, 1868)
Capulus lissus E.A. Smith, 1894: synonym of Malluvium lissum (E. A. Smith, 1894)
Capulus militaris (Linnaeus, 1771): synonym of Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Capulus nutatus Hedley, 1908: synonym of Williamia radiata nutata (Hedley, 1908)
Capulus radiatus M. Sars, 1851: synonym of Piliscus radiatus (Sars M., 1851): synonym of Piliscus commodus (Middendorff, 1851)
Capulus sagittifer Gould, 1852: synonym of Phenacolepas sagittifer (Gould, 1852)
Capulus shreevei Conrad, 1869: synonym of Cyrtopleura costata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Capulus sycophanta Garrard, 1961: synonym of Capulus danieli (Crosse, 1858)
Capulus uncinatus (Hutton, 1873): synonym of Capulus danieli (Crosse, 1858)

According to the Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database (OBIS) the following species names are also in current use ^[7]

Capulus irregularis E. A. Smith, 1895
Capulus paleacea Menke

References

^ Capulus Montfort, 1810. Gofas, S. (2009). Capulus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137729 on 28 May 2012 .
^ Capulus simplex Locard, 1898. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.
^ Capulus subcompressus Pelseneer, 1903. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.
^ Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.
^ Ludvigsen, Rolf & Beard, Graham. 1997. West Coast Fossils: A Guide to the Ancient Life of Vancouver Island. pg. 112
^ Capulus intortus (Lamarck, 1822). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.
^ OBIS : Capulus

Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
Beu A.G. (2004) Marine Mollusca of oxygen isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 1: Revised generic positions and recognition of warm-water and cool-water migrants. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 34(2): 111-265. page(s): 192
Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp

External links

Montfort P. [Denys de. (1808-1810). Conchyliologie systématique et classification méthodique des coquilles. Paris: Schoell. Vol. 1: pp. lxxxvii + 409 [1808]. Vol. 2: pp. 676 + 16]

[WoRMS-1] Capulus Montfort, 1810. Gofas, S. (2009). Capulus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137729 on 28 May 2012 .

[2] Capulus simplex Locard, 1898. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.

[3] Capulus subcompressus Pelseneer, 1903. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.

[4] Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.

[ludvigsen-5] Ludvigsen, Rolf & Beard, Graham. 1997. West Coast Fossils: A Guide to the Ancient Life of Vancouver Island. pg. 112

[6] Capulus intortus (Lamarck, 1822). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.

[7] OBIS : Capulus

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