Boschniakia
| Boschniakia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Boschniakia hookeri | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Orobanchaceae |
| Tribe: | Orobancheae |
| Genus: | Boschniakia C. A. Mey. ex Bong. |
| Species | |
|
4, see text | |
Boschniakia is a small genus of three species of parasitic plant in the family Orobanchaceae. They are known commonly as groundcones and they are native to western North America and extreme northeastern Asia.
Groundcones are holoparasitic, meaning they depend entirely on a host plant for nutrients and contain little or no chlorophyll. These plants often parasitize alders but they are found on many other plants. B. hookeri may be found on salal and huckleberries, and B. strobilacea grows on manzanita and madrone. Groundcones often look at first glance like pine cones lying on the ground, especially when they are brown in color. They may also be shades of yellow, red, and purple. Each plant may be a few inches tall, and pine-cone-shaped or cylindrical. The plant above ground is almost entirely made up of its inflorescence, a tightly packed column of thick cup-shaped flowers. The groundcone produces haustoria which penetrate the roots of its host and provide it with water and nutrients.
Taxonomy
The type species for Boschniakia is B. glabra, a species which is no longer considered valid. Instead, it is now included in B. rossica.[1]
Some taxonomists consider Boschniakia to be three separate genera: Boschniakia, Kopsiopsis, and Xylanche.[2] These names are used by the Jepson eFlora, one of the leading floras of California, and ITIS.gov.[3]
Species list
- Boschniakia himalaica (Xylanche himalaica)
- Boschniakia hookeri (Kopsiopsis hookeri)[4] - Vancouver groundcone, small groundcone
- Boschniakia rossica - northern groundcone, cao cong rong
- Boschniakia strobilacea (Kopsiopsis strobilacea)[5] - California groundcone
External links
- Jepson Manual Treatment
- USDA Plants Profile
Data related to Boschniakia at Wikispecies
References
- ^ "Tropicos". www.tropicos.org. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
- ^ Yu, Wen-Bin (2013-01-29). "Nomenclatural clarifications for names in Boschniakia, Kopsiopsis and Xylanche (Orobanchaceae)". Phytotaxa. 77 (3): 40–42. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.77.3.1. ISSN 1179-3163.
- ^ "Kopsiopsis key to species, Jepson eFlora". ucjeps.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
- ^ "ITIS Standard Report Page: Boschniakia hookeri". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
- ^ "ITIS Standard Report Page: Boschniakia strobilacea". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
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