Diethyl carbonate
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Names | |
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Other names
carbonic ether; ethyl carbonate; Eufin[1]
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Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.011 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
UN number | 2366 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
C5H10O3 | |
Molar mass | 118.132 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Clear colorless liquid |
Density | 0.975 g/cm3 |
Melting point | −74.3[2] °C (−101.7 °F; 198.8 K) |
Boiling point | 126 to 128 °C (259 to 262 °F; 399 to 401 K) |
Insoluble | |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
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Warning | |
H226, H315, H319, H335 | |
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |
Flash point | 33 °C (91 °F; 306 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Diethyl carbonate (sometimes abbreviated DEC) is an ester of carbonic acid and ethanol with the formula OC(OCH2CH3)2. At room temperature (25 °C) diethyl carbonate is a clear liquid with a low flash point.
Diethyl carbonate is used as a solvent such as in erythromycin intramuscular injections.[3][4] [5]It can be used as a component of electrolytes in lithium batteries. It has been proposed as a fuel additive to support cleaner diesel fuel combustion because its high boiling point might reduce blended fuels' volatility, minimizing vapor buildup in warm weather that can block fuel lines.[6]
Production
It can be made by reacting phosgene with ethanol, producing hydrogen chloride as a byproduct. Because chloroform can react with oxygen to form phosgene, chloroform can be stabilized for storage by adding 1 part (by mass) of ethanol to 100 parts (by mass) of chloroform, so that any phosgene that forms is converted into diethyl carbonate.
See also
References
- ^ "DIETHYL CARBONATE". Retrieved 2010-02-01.
- ^ Ding, Michael (2001). "Liquid/Solid Phase Diagrams of Binary Carbonates for Lithium Batteries". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 148: A299–A304. doi:10.1149/1.1353568.
- ^ Anderson, Robert C.; Harris, Paul N.; Chen, K. K. (1955). "Further toxicological studies with ilotycin® (Erythromycin, Lilly)". Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 44 (4): 199–204. doi:10.1002/jps.3030440404. ISSN 1930-2304.
- ^ [1], "9-Dihydro-11,12-ketal derivatives of erythromycin A and epi-erythromycin A", issued 1982-03-01
- ^ [2], "3",4"-Oxyallylene erythromycin and oleandomycin, composition and method of use", issued 1982-03-01
- ^ Walter, K. Scientists Discover Method for Cleaner Fossil Fuel. MR&D Magazine. 09/18/2017 - 3:16pm