Torii clan
| Torii clan 鳥居氏 | |
|---|---|
 The emblem (mon) of the Torii clan | |
| Home province | Shimōsa Mutsu Province Dewa Shinano |
| Founder | Taira no Yukinori |
| Founding year | 14th century |
Torii clan (鳥居氏, Torii-shi) was a Daimyo family of the late Sengoku and Edo periods of Japanese history.
Yukinori, the founder of the Watari clan and the Torii clan, was from a family of Kumano Gongen Shinto priests in Kii Province. He was given the family name of Taira from Taira no Kiyomori, and was named Taira no Yukinori. His son Yukitada, moved to Yahagasho in Mikawa Province after the Jokyu War (1221), and changed his name to 'Watari'. During the disturbance of the Northern and Southern Courts, Watari Tadakage fought for Nitta Yoshisada of the Southern Court, and changed his name to 'Torii'.[1]
Loyal retainers of the Tokugawa clan since the late 16th century, the Torii are perhaps most famous for the bravery and valor of Torii Sune'emon, who was crucified by Takeda Katsuyori at the 1575 siege of Nagashino castle, and for Torii Mototada whose Seppuku is one of the most celebrated in the whole thousand years of Samurai's history.
The family was originally granted the fief of Yahagi in Shimōsa Province in 1590. It was worth 40,000 koku. Following the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate, in 1606 the Torii were given Iwakidaira Domain in Mutsu Province, worth 100,000 koku. Then, in 1622 they moved once more to Yamagata Domain in Dewa Province, with an annual income of 260,000 koku. Torii Tadatsune died without an heir in 1636, and his fief thus reverted to the shogunate; his brother Torii Tadaharu was given Takatō Domain in Shinano province (30,000 koku).
Members of note
- Torii Tadayoshi (d. 1571)
- Torii Suneemon (d. 1575)
- Torii Mototada (1539–1600)
- Torii Tadamasa (1567–1628)
- Torii Naritsugu
- Torii Tadatsune (d. 1636)
- Torii Tadaharu (1608–1651)
- Torii Yōzō (1804–1874)
References
- ^ "Watari castle, monument at the Torii clan's birthplace". 466-bun.com. April 2004.
- Sansom, George (1963). "A History of Japan: 1615-1867." Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
- Turnbull, Stephen (1998). 'The Samurai Sourcebook'. London: Cassell & Co.
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