WH2 motif
| WH2 motif | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | WH2 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF02205 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR003124 | ||||||||
| SMART | WH2 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1ej5 / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
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Function
The WH2 motif or WH2 domain is an evolutionarily conserved sequence motif contained in proteins.[2] It is found in WASP proteins which control actin polymerisation, therefore, WH2 is important in cellular processes such as cell contractility, cell motility, cell trafficking and cell signalling.[3]
Motif
The WH2 motif (for Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome homology region 2) has been shown in WAS and Scar1/WASF1 (mammalian homologue) to interact via their WH2 motifs with actin.
The WH2 (WASP-Homology 2, or Wiskott–Aldrich homology 2) domain is an ~18 amino acids actin-binding motif. This domain was first recognized as an essential element for the regulation of the cytoskeleton by the mammalian Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family. WH2 proteins occur in eukaryotes from yeast to mammals, in insect viruses, and in some bacteria. The WH2 domain is found as a modular part of larger proteins; it can be associated with the WH1 or EVH1 domain and with the CRIB domain, and the WH2 domain can occur as a tandem repeat. The WH2 domain binds to actin monomers and can facilitate the assembly of actin monomers into actin filaments.[4][5]
Examples
Human genes encoding proteins containing the WH2 motif include:
- COBL, COBLL1, ESPN, INF2, JMY
- LMOD1, LMOD2, LMOD3
- MTSS1, PXK
- WAS, WASF1, WASF2, WASF3, WASF4, WASL, WASPIP, WHDC1, WIPF1, WIPF2
References
- ^ PDB: 2d1k; Lee SH, Kerff F, Chereau D, Ferron F, Klug A, Dominguez R (February 2007). "Structural basis for the actin-binding function of missing-in-metastasis". Structure. 15 (2): 145–55. doi:10.1016/j.str.2006.12.005. PMC 1853380. PMID 17292833.
- ^ Machesky LM, Insall RH (1998). "Scar1 and the related Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, WASP, regulate the actin cytoskeleton through the Arp2/3 complex". Curr. Biol. 8 (25): 1347–56. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)00015-3. PMID 9889097. S2CID 16661755.
- ^ Veltman DM, Insall RH (2010). "WASP family proteins: their evolution and its physiological implications". Mol Biol Cell. 21 (16): 2880–93. doi:10.1091/mbc.E10-04-0372. PMC 2921111. PMID 20573979.
- ^ Machesky LM, Insall RH, Volkman LE (2001). "WASP homology sequences in baculoviruses". Trends Cell Biol. 11 (7): 286–287. doi:10.1016/S0962-8924(01)02009-8. PMID 11434350.
- ^ Lappalainen P, Paunola E, Mattila PK (2002). "WH2 domain: a small, versatile adapter for actin monomers". FEBS Lett. 513 (1): 92–97. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)03242-2. PMID 11911886. S2CID 5914765.
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