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Saratoga (film)

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Saratoga
Theatrical poster
Directed byJack Conway
Screenplay byAnita Loos
Robert Hopkins
Story byAnita Loos
Robert Hopkins
Produced byBernard H. Hyman
StarringClark Gable
Jean Harlow
CinematographyRay June
Edited byElmo Veron
Music byEdward Ward
Production
company
Release date
  • July 23, 1937 (1937-07-23)
Running time
92 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$1.1 million[1]
Box office$3.3 million[1][2]

Saratoga is a 1937 American romantic comedy film written by Anita Loos and directed by Jack Conway. The film stars Clark Gable and Jean Harlow in their sixth and final film collaboration and features Lionel Barrymore, Frank Morgan, Walter Pidgeon, Hattie McDaniel and Margaret Hamilton.

Jean Harlow died before filming was finished, and it was completed using stand-ins. Saratoga was an immediate success upon its release, becoming MGM's most successful film of 1937, as well as the most financially successful film of Harlow's career.

Plot

Bookie Duke Bradley (Clark Gable) stops the bank from taking the stud of Grandpa Clayton (Lionel Barrymore). Carol Clayton (Jean Harlow) calls from England that she is going to marry the wealthy Hartley Madison (Walter Pidgeon). Duke tells her father, Frank Clayton (Jonathan Hale), and Grandpa. Broke, Frank gives Duke the deed to the family farm to pay his gambling debts. At the races, Duke takes bets and meets Hartley and Carol. Duke greets Fritzi (Una Merkel) with a kiss. During a race, Frank collapses and dies.

Carol asks Duke to sell her the farm, but Duke assures her he won't foreclose on Grandpa. They quarrel about her marrying for money. Fritzi tells Duke that her husband Jesse Kiffmeyer (Frank Morgan) is allergic to horses. When Jesse sneezes during an auction, Duke sees to it that this is considered a bid, and Jesse ends up buying a horse that Fritzi wanted. Grandpa tells Duke that Carol is selling her horse, Moonray; Carol tells Duke she needs money to pay him off. Duke bids Hartley up to $14,000 for the horse. Hartley asks Grandpa to train Moonray.

Carol studies horses and wins money from Duke. Tip O'Brien (Cliff Edwards) sings "The Horse With the Dreamy Eyes" with Fritzi, Duke, and Rosetta (Hattie McDaniel), Carol's maid. Carol is friendly with Duke until he asks her to get Hartley betting. Duke calls on Hartley and tells him to help Carol's nerves. Hartley calls Dr. Bierd (George Zucco), who says Carol is emotional and should marry soon or not see Hartley. Duke gets Hartley to bet and win $6,000, telling Tip it is bait. Carol tells Hartley not to bet with Duke, who learns Hartley is leaving. Carol asks Hartley to stay.

At the track, Hartley bets with Duke and loses $5,000. On a train, Duke dines with Fritzi and Jesse, who is jealous. Fritzi knows Duke is in love with Carol, and Duke says he plans to win enough money to marry her. Carol tells Duke she loves him and has broken off her engagement to Hartley. When Duke objects to losing Hartley, she gets angry. At the races, Hartley loses. Hartley hires a new trainer for Moonray. Carol gets Jesse's contract with the jockey Dixie Gordon (Frankie Darro) so Duke will lose, but Fritzi tells Jesse that if Duke wins, he will marry Carol. Dixie is riding Moonray. Grandpa quarrels with the new trainer. The race is a photo finish, but Moonray loses. On a train, Carol and Duke celebrate.

Cast

Cast notes:

Production and reception

This photo of director Jack Conway, Jean Harlow and Clark Gable was taken only minutes before Harlow's collapse and was issued at the time her death was announced.

Although screenwriter Robert Hopkins originally intended the script to be a vehicle for Harlow,[3] the studio at first attempted to borrow Carole Lombard from Paramount Pictures, but could not do so because of contractual difficulties.[4] After this, it was reported that Joan Crawford would play Harlow's role, but by 1937, Harlow was reported as the star. Walter Pidgeon was borrowed from Universal for the film.[3]

Background filming took place in Lexington and Louisville, Kentucky as well as in Saratoga Springs, New York.[3]

Lionel Barrymore tripped over a cable on set, breaking his hip for the second time in two years and reportedly breaking his knee cap. In 1951, he said that he needed a wheelchair because of the damage to his hip..[5]

At the time of filming, Harlow was suffering from the aftermath of oral surgery to remove impacted wisdom teeth. Paul Bern, her second husband, had mysteriously died several years before, and she had just divorced director Harold Rosson, her third, after just one year of marriage. Harlow had a relationship with William Powell, and wanted to marry him, but Powell was resistant.[4]

When filming of Saratoga was 90% completed, Harlow collapsed on the set during a scene with Walter Pidgeon[4] and died about a week later, of kidney failure. She had suffered from sun poisoning some months before, combined with the problems with her wisdom teeth, which contributed to her critical condition.[4] MGM wanted to reshoot the film with Virginia Bruce or Jean Arthur, but Harlow's fans complained, so the remaining scenes were filmed with Mary Dees, shot from behind or with costumes that obscured her face, playing Harlow's part for the camera, and Paula Winslowe supplying Harlow's voice.[3][4]

The film was released on July 23, 1937, not quite seven weeks after Harlow's death, and the crowds of her fans that turned out to see the film pushed it into being one of the year's largest monetary successes.[4] Critical reviews were generally positive, despite the reviewers commenting on the sadness of seeing Harlow so soon after her death.[4] Writing for Night and Day in 1937, Graham Greene gave the film a good review, claiming that it demonstrated "more than curiosity value". Greene noted that Harlow's acting achieved a high point in her career, and praised the film as having been "skilfully sewn-up [in such a way that] the missing scenes and shots lend it an air of originality which the correctly canned product mightn't had had: the story proceed[ing] faster, less obviously: the heroine less unduly plugged".[6]

According to MGM records the film earned $2,432,000 in the US and Canada and $820,000 elsewhere, resulting in a profit of $1,146,000.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study.
  2. ^ "Which Cinema Films Have Earned the Most Money Since 1947?". The Argus. Melbourne. 4 March 1944. p. 3 Supplement: The Argus Weekend magazine. Retrieved 6 August 2012 – via National Library of Australia.
  3. ^ a b c d "Notes" on TCM.com
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Melear, Mary Anne. "Saratoga" on TCM.com
  5. ^ "Lionel Barrymore", Wikipedia, 2020-12-11, retrieved 2020-12-11
  6. ^ Greene, Graham (26 August 1937). "Saratoga/High, Wide and Handsome/His Affair". Night and Day. (reprinted in: Taylor, John Russell, ed. (1980). The Pleasure Dome. Oxford University Press. p. 163. ISBN 0192812866.)
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