Quranic timeline
The page gives a timeline of the various events related to the Quran according to traditional Islamic accounts.
Events
Muhammad
- 22 December 609 CE, Muhammad recites a chapter of the Quran for the first time after angel Gabriel, according to Islamic tradition, reveals surah Al-Alaq in the Cave of Hira.
- 610 CE, Muhammad receives the second revelation with surah Al-Muddaththir.[1]
- 622 CE Al-Baqarah, the first surah after the Hegira is revealed.[2]
- 624 CE Al-Anfal is revealed mentioning the Battle of Badr.[3]
- 632 CE surah Al-Ma'ida is revealed, the last sura.[4][better source needed]
Post Muhammad
- 653 CE The Quran is canonized by Uthman ibn Affan[5]
- 657 CE; pages of the Quran are wrapped around swords by Muawiyahs forces during the Battle of Siffin
- 661 CE - 671 CE: the estimated radiocarbon dating of the oldest surviving copy of the Quran, the Sanaa manuscript[6]
- 859 CE, the oldest quranic school (madrasa) in University of al-Karaouine is built[7]
- 883 CE; the oldest surviving major tafsir collection was completed, namely Tafsir al-Tabari
- 884 CE; the first complete translation of the Quran into a foreign language[8]
- 1609 CE Quranic calligraphy for the Taj Mahal is created by Abdul Haq, aka Amanat Khan
- 1649 CE; the first known translation of the Quran into the English language by Alexander Ross, chaplain to King Charles I.[9]
Some modern scientific methods discussed in "Nassourou, Mohamadou (2013), 'The Qurʾanic verses : history, computer-supported reconstruction of the order of revelation, examining the concept of abrogation', AVM - Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft, Munich, Germany, ISBN 978-3869244754" have also been used to reconstruct the entire chronology of the Quranic verses.
References
- ^ When The Moon Split - Page 35
- ^ Encyclopedia of World Religion, Johannes P. Schadé - 2006
- ^ Saddam's Word : The Political Discourse in Iraq: 1998 Page 189
- ^ 110. Surah An Nasr (The Help) - Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi
- ^ Does archaeology support the Qur'an? [IsaAlMasih.net]
- ^ Sadeghi, Behnam; Bergmann, Uwe (1 January 2010). "The Codex of a Companion of the Prophet and the Qurān of the Prophet". Arabica 57 (4): 343–436
- ^ http://archive.thedailystar.net/forum/2007/july/madrasa.htm
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-04-29. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "From scholarship, sailors and sects to the mills and the mosques". The Guardian (Guardian News and Media Limited). 2002-06-18
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