List of rulers of Makuria
Rulers
Note that dates are quite uncertain for most Makurian rulers.
| name | date of reign | comments |
|---|---|---|
| Qalidurut | c. 651/2 | Signed the Baqt |
| Zacharias | Rebuilt Cathedral of Dongola | |
| Merkourios | 696–710 | |
| Simeon | ||
| Abraham | ||
| Markos | ||
| Kyriakos | c. 747–68 | |
| Khael or Mikhael | c. 785/94 – 804/13 | |
| Ioannes | Before 822? or c. 850? | |
| Zakharias III | c. 835?–856/859/866 | son of Ioannes |
| Georgios I of Makuria | 856/859/866 | son of Zakharias |
| Zakharias IV | 920–930 | |
| Kabil of Makuria | c. 943 | |
| Georgios II | 969 – c. 1002 | |
| Raphael | 1000 – c. 1006 | |
| Stephanos | c. 1027 | |
| Solomon | 1077–1079/80 | supposedly restored matrilineal succession |
| Georgios III | c. 1079/80 | |
| Basileios | c. 1089 | |
| Georgios IV | 1130–1158 | son of Basileios[1] |
| Moses Georgios | c. 1158 | son of Georgios IV[2] |
| Murtashkar | c. 1268 | |
| David | c. 1272–1276 | |
| Shekanda | c. 1276 | |
| Masqadat | c. 1276 | |
| Barak | c. 1279 | |
| Semamun | c. 1286–1287/8 | also Simamun |
| Nephew of Semamun | 1287/8–1288 | |
| Semamun | c. 1288–1289 | |
| Nephew of David (Budamma) | c. 1289–1290 | |
| Semamun | c. 1290–1295 | |
| Ayay | c. 1304/5 | also known as Amai |
| Kudambes | 1305–1312 | |
| Kernabes | 1311–1316 | |
| Barschanbu-Seif el Din Abdallah | 1316–1317 | Converted to Islam, Mamluk vassal |
| Kanz al-Dawla | c. 1317 | Mamluk vassal |
| Ibrahim | c. 1317 | Mamluk vassal for three days |
| Kernabes | 1323–1324 | |
| Kanz al-Dawla | c. 1324 | Mamluk vassal |
| al-Amir Abi Abdallah Kanz el-Dawla | 1333 | |
| Nasir | c 1397 | Mamluk Vassal |
Bibliography
- Derek A. Welsby: The Medieval Kingdoms of Nubia, British Museum Press, London 2002, pp. 259–61 ISBN 0-7141-1947-4