AKAP4

AKAP4
Identifiers
Aliases	AKAP4, AKAP 82, AKAP-4, AKAP82, CT99, FSC1, HI, PRKA4, hAKAP82, p82, A-kinase anchoring protein 4
External IDs	OMIM: 300185; MGI: 102794; HomoloGene: 2887; GeneCards: AKAP4; OMA:AKAP4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	X chromosome (human)
End	50,201,007 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	X chromosome (mouse)
End	6,944,848 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	sperm; ; left testis; ; right testis; ; testicle; ; buccal mucosa cell; ; tail of epididymis; ; caput epididymis; ; breast; ; mammary gland; ; lactiferous gland;
	Top expressed in
	seminiferous tubule; ; spermatid; ; spermatocyte; ; lumbar spinal ganglion; ; gastrula; ; islet of Langerhans; ; primitive streak; ; telencephalic nucleus; ; basal forebrain; ; midbrain tegmentum;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein kinase A binding; protein binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cell projection; cilium; sperm fibrous sheath; sperm principal piece; Z disc; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex; motile cilium; cytoskeleton; nucleus;
Biological process	flagellated sperm motility; protein localization; establishment of protein localization; regulation of protein kinase A signaling; single fertilization; transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway; cell projection organization; motile cilium assembly; signal transduction;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8852
	11643
	ENSG00000147081
	ENSMUSG00000050089
	Q5JQC9
	Q60662
	NM_139289; NM_003886
	NM_001042542; NM_009651
	NP_003877; NP_647450
	NP_001036007; NP_033781
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

A-kinase anchor protein 4 is a scaffold protein that in humans is encoded by the AKAP4 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Function

The A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs) are a group of structurally diverse proteins, which have the common function of binding to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and confining the holoenzyme to discrete locations within the cell. This gene encodes a member of the AKAP family. The encoded protein is localized to the sperm flagellum and may be involved in the regulation of sperm motility. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms.^[7]

Clinical significance

AKAP4 is a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and immunotherapy of colon cancer.^[8] AKAP4 may be implicated as a biomarker and immunotherapeutic target for cervical cancer.^[9] AKAP4 is also a circulating biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer.^[10]

Interactions

AKAP4 has been shown to interact with:

AKAP3,^[11] and
PRKAR1A.^[11]^[12]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000147081 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000050089 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Turner RM, Johnson LR, Haig-Ladewig L, Gerton GL, Moss SB (November 1998). "An X-linked gene encodes a major human sperm fibrous sheath protein, hAKAP82. Genomic organization, protein kinase A-RII binding, and distribution of the precursor in the sperm tail". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (48): 32135–41. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.48.32135. PMID 9822690.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Mohapatra B, Verma S, Shankar S, Suri A (March 1998). "Molecular cloning of human testis mRNA specifically expressed in haploid germ cells, having structural homology with the A-kinase anchoring proteins". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 244 (2): 540–5. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8079. PMID 9514854.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: AKAP4 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 4".
^ Jagadish N, Parashar D, Gupta N, Agarwal S, Sharma A, Fatima R, Suri V, Kumar R, Gupta A, Lohiya NK, Suri A (February 2016). "A novel cancer testis antigen target A-kinase anchor protein (AKAP4) for the early diagnosis and immunotherapy of colon cancer". Oncoimmunology. 5 (2): e1078965. doi:10.1080/2162402X.2015.1078965. PMC 4801464. PMID 27057472.
^ Agarwal, Sumit; Saini, Shikha; Parashar, Deepak; Verma, Archana; Jagadish, Nirmala; Batra, Aruna; Suri, Sushma; Bhatnagar, Amar; Gupta, Anju (2013-05-01). "Expression and humoral response of A-kinase anchor protein 4 in cervical cancer". International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. 23 (4): 650–658. doi:10.1097/IGC.0b013e31828a0698. ISSN 1525-1438. PMID 23478221.
^ Gumireddy K, Li A, Chang DH, Liu Q, Kossenkov AV, Yan J, Korst RJ, Nam BT, Xu H, Zhang L, Ganepola GA, Showe LC, Huang Q (July 2015). "AKAP4 is a circulating biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer". Oncotarget. 6 (19): 17637–47. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.3946. PMC 4627334. PMID 26160834.
^ ^a ^b Brown PR, Miki K, Harper DB, Eddy EM (June 2003). "A-kinase anchoring protein 4 binding proteins in the fibrous sheath of the sperm flagellum". Biology of Reproduction. 68 (6): 2241–8. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.102.013466. PMID 12606363.
^ Miki K, Eddy EM (December 1998). "Identification of tethering domains for protein kinase A type Ialpha regulatory subunits on sperm fibrous sheath protein FSC1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (51): 34384–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34384. PMID 9852104.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

External links

Human AKAP4 genome location and AKAP4 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

This article on a gene on the human X chromosome and/or its associated protein is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000147081 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000050089 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid9822690-5] Turner RM, Johnson LR, Haig-Ladewig L, Gerton GL, Moss SB (November 1998). "An X-linked gene encodes a major human sperm fibrous sheath protein, hAKAP82. Genomic organization, protein kinase A-RII binding, and distribution of the precursor in the sperm tail". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (48): 32135–41. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.48.32135. PMID 9822690.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[pmid9514854-6] Mohapatra B, Verma S, Shankar S, Suri A (March 1998). "Molecular cloning of human testis mRNA specifically expressed in haploid germ cells, having structural homology with the A-kinase anchoring proteins". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 244 (2): 540–5. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8079. PMID 9514854.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: AKAP4 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 4".

[8] Jagadish N, Parashar D, Gupta N, Agarwal S, Sharma A, Fatima R, Suri V, Kumar R, Gupta A, Lohiya NK, Suri A (February 2016). "A novel cancer testis antigen target A-kinase anchor protein (AKAP4) for the early diagnosis and immunotherapy of colon cancer". Oncoimmunology. 5 (2): e1078965. doi:10.1080/2162402X.2015.1078965. PMC 4801464. PMID 27057472.

[9] Agarwal, Sumit; Saini, Shikha; Parashar, Deepak; Verma, Archana; Jagadish, Nirmala; Batra, Aruna; Suri, Sushma; Bhatnagar, Amar; Gupta, Anju (2013-05-01). "Expression and humoral response of A-kinase anchor protein 4 in cervical cancer". International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. 23 (4): 650–658. doi:10.1097/IGC.0b013e31828a0698. ISSN 1525-1438. PMID 23478221.

[10] Gumireddy K, Li A, Chang DH, Liu Q, Kossenkov AV, Yan J, Korst RJ, Nam BT, Xu H, Zhang L, Ganepola GA, Showe LC, Huang Q (July 2015). "AKAP4 is a circulating biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer". Oncotarget. 6 (19): 17637–47. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.3946. PMC 4627334. PMID 26160834.

[pmid12606363-11] Brown PR, Miki K, Harper DB, Eddy EM (June 2003). "A-kinase anchoring protein 4 binding proteins in the fibrous sheath of the sperm flagellum". Biology of Reproduction. 68 (6): 2241–8. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.102.013466. PMID 12606363.

[pmid9852104-12] Miki K, Eddy EM (December 1998). "Identification of tethering domains for protein kinase A type Ialpha regulatory subunits on sperm fibrous sheath protein FSC1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (51): 34384–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34384. PMID 9852104.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

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Function

Clinical significance

Interactions

References

Further reading

External links