Abdallah ibn Abd al-Malik

ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān (in Greek sources Ἀβδελᾶς, Abdelas) was an Umayyad prince, the son of Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (r. 685–705), a general and governor of Egypt.

Life

Abdallah was born ca. 677 and grew up in the Caliphate's capital, Damascus. During his youth he accompanied his father on several campaigns. He led his own campaign for the first time in 700/701, as a retaliation for the attacks of the Byzantine general Heraclius. During this expedition he captured the border fortress of Theodosiopolis and raided into Armenia Minor. In 701 he was sent, along with his uncle, Muhammad ibn Marwan, to Iraq, to aid al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf in subduing the rebellion of Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath. In the next year, the Byzantine Armenian provinces east of the Euphrates, recently conquered by Muhammad ibn Marwan, rose in a revolt that spread out over much of Armenia. In 703, Abdallah conquered Mopsuestia in Cilicia, which he refortified as the Caliphate's first major stronghold in the area, and then proceeded to subdue the Armenian revolt along with his uncle Muhammad.

In late 704 however he was recalled from Armenia to serve as governor of Egypt, succeeding his uncle Abd al-Aziz ibn Marwan. His tenure was marked by his efforts to assert the caliphal government's control over the province at the expense of local elites: he dismissed his uncle's appointees and required that government business be done in Arabic instead of Coptic. His tenure was marred by the first famine under Islamic rule and by accusations of corruption and embezzlement of public funds. He was recalled in 708/709 and his gains were confiscated by the Caliph. Nothing is known of him thereafter, except for a report in al-Ya'qubi that he was executed by crucifixion by the first Abbasid Caliph, al-Saffah, at al-Hira in 749/750.

Sources

• Becker, C.H. (1986). "'Abd Allāh b. 'Abd al-Malik". The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: A–B. Leiden and New York: BRILL. p. 42. ISBN 90-04-08114-3..
• Kennedy, Hugh (1998). "Egypt as a province in the Islamic caliphate, 641–868". In Petry, Carl F. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Egypt, Vol. 1: Islamic Egypt, 640–1517. Cambridge University Press. pp. 62–85. ISBN 0-521-47137-0.
• Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
• Winkelmann, Friedhelm; Lilie, Ralph-Johannes; et al. (1999), "'Abdallāh ibn 'Abd al-Malik (#14)", Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit: I. Abteilung (641–867), 1. Band: Aaron (#1) – Georgios (#2182) (in German), Walter de Gruyter, p. 5, ISBN 978-3-11-015179-4 {{citation}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help).