Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce

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The Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce (The Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Commerce, between Queen Victoria and the tycoon of Japan^[1], 日英修好通商条約, Nichi-Ei Shūkō Tsūshō Jōyaku) was signed on 26 August 1858 by Lord Elgin and the then representatives of the Japanese government (the Tokugawa shogunate), and was ratified between Queen Victoria and the Tycoon of Japan at Yedo on 11 July 1859.

The concessions which Japan made in the treaty were threefold:

A representative of the British government would be permitted to reside at Edo.
Hakodate, Kanagawa and Nagasaki were to be opened to British commerce on 1 July 1859 and British subjects could travel within a range of 25 miles of each port. Hyogo would open on 1 January 1863.
British subjects would be allowed to reside in Edo from 1 January 1862 and Osaka from 1 January 1863.

About this ratification

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This ratification seems to have meant that Queen Victoria would have power and jurisdiction in the dominions of the Tycoon of Japan.

The London Gazette published on 4 March 1859 says, "a Treaty of Peace, Friendship, and Commerce hath been agreed upon and concluded between Her Majesty and His Majesty the Tycoon of Japan, which was signed by the respective Plenipotentiaries of their said Majesties on the twenty-sixth day of August last: And whereas immediately upon and from the exchange of the ratifications of the said Treaty, Her Majesty will have power and jurisdiction in the dominions of the Tycoon of Japan ".^[2]

Notes

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^ "No. 22226". The London Gazette. 2 February 1859. p. 453.
^ "No. 22236". The London Gazette. 4 March 1859. p. 989.

References

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Auslin, Michael R. (2004). Negotiating with Imperialism: The Unequal Treaties and the Culture of Japanese Diplomacy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01521-0; OCLC 56493769

v t e Treaties of Japan
Bakumatsu period (1854–1868)	Japan-US Treaty of Peace and Amity (1854) Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty (1854) Treaty of Shimoda (1855) Dutch-Japan Treaty of Peace and Amity (1854) [ja] Japan-US Additional Treaty (1855) Japan-Netherlands Additional Treaty (1856) [ja] Japan-Russia Additional Treaty (1858) Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan) (1859) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Russia and Japan (1859) Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1858) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the Netherlands and Japan (1858) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan (1858) Treaty of Peace, Amity and Commerce between Portugal and Japan (1860) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Prussia and Japan (1861) London Protocol (1862) Agreement of Paris (1864) [ja] Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Belgium and Japan (1866) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Italy and Japan (1866) Russo-Japanese Provisional Treaty of Karafuto Island (1867)
Meiji era (1868–1912)	Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Spain and Japan (1868) Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Austria-Hungary and Japan (1869) Sino-Japanese Friendship and Trade Treaty (1871) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Hawaii and Japan (1871) Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Peru and Japan (1873) Engagement between Japan and China respecting Formosa of 1874 Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876 US-Japanese Convention Revising Certain Portions of Existing Commercial Treaties (1878) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1882 Japan-Hawaii Labor Immigration Treaty (1884) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1885 Convention of Tientsin (1885) Declaration of Amity and Commerce between Thailand and Japan (1887) Treaty of Friendship and Commerce between Mexico and Japan (1888) Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1894) Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and the USA (1894) Italo–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1894) Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) Japan-Brazil Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation (1895) [ja] Treaty for returning Fengtian Peninsula (1895) [ja] German–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896) Komura-Weber Memorandum (1896) Yamagata–Lobanov Agreement (1896) Japan–China Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896) [ja] Franco–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896) Japan–Netherlands Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896) Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Chile and Japan (1897) Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Argentina and Japan (1898) Nishi–Rosen Agreement (1898) Japan-Thailand Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Treaty (1898) Japan-Greece Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation (1899) Boxer Protocol (1901) Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902) Japan-China Additional Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1903) [ja] Japan–Korea Treaty of 1904 Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904 Treaty of Portsmouth (1905) Taft–Katsura agreement (1905) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 Additional Agreement of the Japan-China Treaty relating to Manchuria (1905) [ja] Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 Franco-Japanese Treaty of 1907 Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907 Japan–Russia Secret Agreements (1907–1916) Root–Takahira Agreement (1908) Japan-China Agreement relating to Manchuria and Jiandao (1909) [ja] Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and the USA (1911) Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1911) North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911
World War I–II (1913–1945)	Japan-China Treaty of 1915 Lansing–Ishii Agreement (1917) Sino-Japanese Joint Defence Agreement (1918) Treaty of Versailles (1919) Covenant of the League of Nations (1919) Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine (1919) Svalbard Treaty (1920) Gongota Agreement of 1920 Treaty of Sèvres (1920) Treaty of Trianon (1921) Four-Power Treaty (1921) Nine-Power Treaty (1922) Treaty concerning solution of Shandong issues (1922) [ja] Washington Naval Treaty (1922) Treaty of Lausanne (1923) Klaipėda Convention (1924) Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention (1925) German–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1927) Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928) Japan-China Customs Agreement (1930) London Naval Treaty (1930) Shanghai Ceasefire Agreement (1932) Japan-Manchukuo Protocol (1932) Tanggu Truce (1933) India-Japan Agreement of 1934 Japan-Manchukuo-Soviet Protocol for Cession of North Manchuria Railway (1935) [ja] He–Umezu Agreement (1935) Chin-Doihara Agreement (1935) Canada-Japan New Trade Agreement (1935) Japan-Netherlands Shipping Agreement (1936) Anti-Comintern Pact (1936) Hart-Ishizawa Agreement (1937) India-Japan Agreement of 1937 Van Mook-Kotani Agreement (1938) Arita-Craigie Agreement (1939) Tripartite Pact (1940) Japan-China Basic Relations Treaty (1940) Japan-Manchukuo-China Joint Declaration (1940) [ja] Treaty between Thailand and Japan (1940) Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact (1941) Japan-Thailand Offensive and Defensive Alliance Treaty (1941) [ja] Japanese Instrument of Surrender (1945)
During the Cold War (1945–1989)	Security Treaty between the United States and Japan (1951) Treaty of San Francisco (1951) Treaty of Taipei (1952) Treaty of Peace between Japan and India (1952) Treaty of Peace between Japan and Burma (1954) Japan–Philippines Reparations Agreement (1956) Soviet–Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956 Treaty of Peace between Japan and Indonesia (1958) Japan–South Vietnam Reparations Agreement (1959) Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan (1960) U.S.–Japan Status of Forces Agreement Tokyo Convention (1963) Treaty on Basic Relations Between Japan and the Republic of Korea (1965) Ogasawara Reversion Agreement (1968) Okinawa Reversion Agreement (1971) Japan–China Joint Communiqué (1972) Japan-North Vietnam Joint Communiqué (1973) Japan–China Trade Agreement (1974) Basic Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation (1976) Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China (1978)
Post-Cold War (1989–)	US-Japanese Fishery Agreement (1991) South Korean-Japanese Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection (1993) Kyoto Protocol (1997) Japan-Korea GSOMIA (2016) Australian-Japanese Security Treaty (2022) American–Japanese–Korean trilateral pact (2023)

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About this ratification

See also

Notes

References