Antonius
| Gender | Male |
|---|---|
| Other names | |
| See also | Ant, Anthony, Antoine, Antonietta, Antoinette, Antonia, Antonio, Anton, Antanas, Antony, Tony, Antun, Ante |
Antonius is the nomen of the gens Antonia, one of the most important families in ancient Rome, with both patrician and plebeian branches. It is also the source of the English personal name Anthony, as well as a number of similar names in various European languages.
Marcus Antonius claimed that the gens was descended from Anton, a son of Heracles. Women of the family were called Antonia. The Antonii produced a number of important generals and politicians, some of whom are listed below. For other persons with this name, see Antonia (gens).
- Marcus Antonius (83–30 BC), ally of Caesar, triumvir and afterwards enemy of Augustus. Probably the most famous of the Antonii, his life is depicted in William Shakespeare's play Antony and Cleopatra. He promulgated the leges Antoniae of 44 BC, abolishing the office of dictator, re-adjusting provincial commands, confirming Caesar's acta, and granting provocatio to those convicted de maiestate and de vi.[1]
Other Antonii
- Marcus Antonius, the orator, Marcus Antonius' grandfather (died 87 BC)
- Marcus Antonius Creticus, Marcus Antonius' father
- Gaius Antonius Hybrida, Marcus Antonius' uncle
- Gaius Antonius, Marcus Antonius' younger brother (died 42 BC)
- Lucius Antonius (disambiguation), multiple people
- Marcus Antonius, sometimes called Antyllus, Marcus Antonius' eldest son by Fulvia (died 30 BC)
- Iullus Antonius, Marcus Antonius' youngest son by Fulvia (died 2 BC)
- Antonius Natalis, an equestrian, member of the Pisonian conspiracy against Nero
- Marcus Antonius Gordianus I, emperor in AD 238
- Marcus Antonius Gordianus II, emperor in AD 238
- Marcus Antonius Gordianus III, emperor from AD 238 to 244
Others with the name Antonius
- Antonius (philosopher), a neoplatonist of the 4th century
- Antonius of Argos, Greek poet
- Antonius Melissa, 11th century Greek monk and author
- Antonius (monk), monk and disciple of Simeon Stylites
- Antonius (herbalist), an ancient herbalist mentioned by Galen
- Antonius Castor, botanist of ancient Rome
- Antonius Rufus, a number of lesser-known men from the ancient Roman empire
- Antonius Rufus (grammarian), Latin grammarian
- Marcus Antonius Rufus, Roman consul, 45 AD
Women of the gens
- Antonia, the daughter of Marcus Antonius, the orator
- Julia Antonia
- Daughters of Gaius Antonius Hybrida
- Antonia Hybrida Major was married to Lucius Caninius Gallus[2]
- Antonia Hybrida Minor was married to her first cousin, Mark Antony, the triumvir. She was divorced by her husband in 47, on the ground of an alleged affair and intrigue between her and Publius Cornelius Dolabella.[3][4] She had at least one child with Antony, also named Antonia.
- Daughters of Mark Antony:
- Antonia
- Antonia Major
- Antonia Minor, mother of Claudius
- Iulla Antonia
- Antonia Tryphaena
- Antonia Furnilla, mother of Marcia (mother of Trajan) and Marcia Furnilla
- Claudia Antonia, daughter of the Roman Emperor Claudius
- Antonia Clementiana, daughter of Antonius Felix, the Roman Governor of Judea
- Antonia Agrippina, possibly a granddaughter of Antonius Felix
- Antonia Gordiana, daughter of Gordianus I and mother of Gordianus III
See also
References
- ^ Oxford Classical Dictionary, 2nd Ed. (1970).
- ^ Valerius Maximus, Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX 4.2.6
- ^ Cicero, Philippicae 2.38
- ^ Plutarch, Life of Antony 9