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Arthur II, Duke of Brittany

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Arthur II
Duke of Brittany
Reign18 November 1305 – 27 August 1312
PredecessorJohn II
SuccessorJohn III
Born25 July 1261
Died27 August 1312(1312-08-27) (aged 50)
Château de L'Isle
Burial
Cordeliers Convent
SpouseMarie, Viscountess of Limoges
Yolande of Dreux
Issue
Among others		John III
John of Montfort
HouseHouse of Dreux
FatherJohn II
MotherBeatrice of England
ReligionRoman Catholicism

Arthur II (25 July 1261 – 27 August 1312), of the House of Dreux, was Duke of Brittany from 1305 to his death. He was the first son of John II and Beatrice, daughter of Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence.

After he inherited the ducal throne, his brother John became Earl of Richmond.[a]

As duke, Arthur was independent of the French crown. He divided his duchy into eight "battles": Léon, Kernev, Landreger, Penteur, Gwened, Naoned, Roazhon, and Sant Malou. In 1309, he convoked the first Estates of Brittany.[b] It was the first time in French history that the third estate was represented.

Arthur died at Château de l'Isle in Saint Denis en Val and was interred in a marble tomb of the cordeliers of Vannes. The tomb was vandalised during the French Revolution, but later repaired and is on display today.

Marriages and children

In 1275, Arthur married Marie, Viscountess of Limoges, daughter of Guy VI, Viscount of Limoges and Margaret, Lady of Molinot.[1] Her maternal grandparents were Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy and his first wife Yolande of Dreux. They were parents of three children:

Mary died in 1291. In May, 1292, Arthur remarried another Yolande of Dreux, who was Countess of Montfort, daughter of Robert IV, Count of Dreux and Beatrice de Montfort. Yolande had briefly been Queen Consort of Scotland by her first marriage.[2] They were parents of seven children:

  • John of Montfort (1295 – 16 September 1345).
  • Beatrice of Brittany (1295–1384). Married Guy X, Lord of Laval.[c]
  • Joan of Brittany (1296–1364). Married Robert, Count of Marle, Lord of Cassel.[3]
  • Alice of Brittany (1297–1377). Married Bouchard VI, Count of Vendôme, a member of the House of Montoire.
  • Blanche of Brittany (born c. 1300). Considered to have died young.
  • Marie of Brittany (1302–1371). A nun.

Ancestry

Family of Arthur II, Duke of Brittany
16. Robert II of Dreux
8. Peter I, Duke of Brittany
17. Yolande de Coucy
4. John I, Duke of Brittany
18. Guy of Thouars, Duke of Brittany
9. Alix of Thouars
19. Constance, Duchess of Brittany
2. John II, Duke of Brittany
20. Theobald III, Count of Champagne
10. Theobald I of Navarre
21. Blanche of Navarre
5. Blanche of Navarre
22. Guichard IV, Sire of Beaujeu
11. Agnes of Beaujeu
23. Sybille of Flanders
1. Arthur II, Duke of Brittany
24. Henry II of England
12. John of England
25. Eleanor of Aquitaine
6. Henry III of England
26. Aymer, Count of Angoulême
13. Isabella of Angoulême
27. Alice of Courtenay
3. Beatrice of England
28. Alfonso II, Count of Provence
14. Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence
29. Garsenda, Countess of Forcalquier
7. Eleanor of Provence
30. Thomas I, Count of Savoy
15. Beatrice of Savoy
31. Marguerite of Geneva

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ There are discrepancies about how this title was separated from the Duke of Brittany and invested in John. One history recounts that Arthur conferred it on his brother, while an alternative history is that King Edward I invested John as Earl of Richmond the year after John and Arthur's father had died,
  2. ^ Brittany would eventually have both an "Estates" and a "Parliament"
  3. ^ The Lords of Laval would become Governors of Brittany after 1491. when Anne de Bretagne married Charles VIII of France.

References

  1. ^ Duplès-Agier, H. (ed.) (1874) Chroniques de Saint-Martial de Limoges (Paris), Anonymum S Martialis Chronicon, Chroniques de Saint-Martial de Limoges, p. 172.
  2. ^ Goodall, W. (ed.) (1759) Joannis de Fordun Scotichronicon cum Supplementis et Continuatione Walteri Boweri, Vols. I, II (Edinburgh) ("Joannis de Fordun (Goodall)"), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXXIX-XL, p. 127.
  3. ^ Diocesis of Bruges (ed.) (1852) Chronicon abbatiæ Warnestoniensis (Bruges), Appendix, p. 34.
Arthur II, Duke of Brittany
Cadet branch of the Capetian Dynasty
Born: 2 July 1262 Died: 27 August 1312
Regnal titles
Preceded by Viscount of Limoges
1275–1301
with Marie (1275–1291) 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Duke of Brittany
1305–1312
Count of Penthièvre
1305–1312 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Count of Montfort
1311–1312
with Yolande 		Succeeded by

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