August Allebé

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Portrait by Hendrik Maarten Krabbé

August Allebé (1838, Amsterdam – 1927, Amsterdam), was a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands. August Allebé went through in his career, the styles of the romanticism on the realism through to impressionism.[1] He was also a major initiator and promoter of Amsterdam Impressionism, the artist's association St. Lucas and the movement of the Amsterdamse Joffers.[2][3][4] He was one of the key factors of the Amsterdam Impressionism - this is referred to by art historians as the School of Allebé. In the movement of the Dutch Impressionism she was the counterflow to the very strong Hague School. A cosmopolitan attitude toward art as a movement and the promotion and motivation of his students is very important for the Rijksakademie. Thus she has been a place of work and part of the art movements of the early 20th century substantial proportion. There were a significant stimulous to the movement of avant-garde in art.[5]

Biography

Portrait by Allebé of Johannes Luden, 1868, collection Teylers Museum

According to the RKD he followed evening classes at Felix Meritis and studied at the Antwerp Academy, the Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten, and the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris.[6] He was a pupil of Petrus Franciscus Greive, Adolphe Mouilleron, Charles Rochussen and Louis Royer. He became a member of Arti et Amicitiae in Amsterdam from 1863 and a member of Société Royale Belge des Aquarellistes from 1868.[6] In 1870 he became a professor at the Royal Academy of Amsterdam (Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten) and was a director there from 1880.[6] The RKD lists 179 pupils and it is known that he stayed in correspondence with ex-pupils and several artists came back to the academy to be able to follow classes with him.[6]

He was a strong influence on the Amsterdamse Joffers, and had close ties with Amsterdam Impressionism.

He is buried at Zorgvlied cemetery.

A square is named after him in the neighborhood of streets named after 19th- and 20th-century Dutch painters in Overtoomse Veld-Noord, Amsterdam.

Art Association St. Lucas

In 1880, the Artist's association St. Lucas to Amsterdam was founded with his support.[7][8] They became part of the Amsterdam art scene: She was community center of artists and art lovers of the panel painting. Here contacts were made, passed on knowledge and thus the antithesis of successful structured Hague School, which was part of the international movement of impressionism. In addition, links to Amsterdam Soziëteit Arti et Amicitiae were present, which were essential for both institutions.

Some of his well known students

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Successful students of Allebé

  • Lizzy Ansingh – she had won the Barend Polviet and the Willink van Collenprijs in 1906.
  • Pieter Florentius Nicolaas Jacobus Arntzenius – he has got a commendation from the Willink van Collenprijs in 1890.
  • Eduard Frankfort – he has got the Gold medal from the Sociëteit Arti et Amicitae.
  • Hendrik Maarten Krabbé – he has got a commendation by the Willink van Collenprijs in 1889.
  • Wally Moes - she has won the 1. place of the Willink van Collenprijs in 1884.
  • Gerhard Muller - he has won the 1. place of the Willink van Collenprijs in 1887.
  • Hobbe Smith - he has won the 2. plsce of the Willink van Collenprijs in 1888.
  • Willem Bastiaan Tholen - he has won the 2. place of the Willink van Collenprijs in 1883 and in 1903 he has got from the Queen Königin the Gold Medal of honor.
  • Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller – has won the 1. Platz of the Willink van Collenprijs in 1883.
  • Ernst Witkamp – he has won the 1. place of the Willink van Collenprijs in 1882.
  • Willem Witsen - he has won the 2. place of the Willink van Collenprijs in 1885.

Gallery of the important students

  • Floris Arntzenius (1874/1925): Market with flower stalls, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
    Floris Arntzenius (1874/1925): Market with flower stalls, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
  • Nicolaas Bastert (1890): Vechtlandschap, privat.
    Nicolaas Bastert (1890): Vechtlandschap, privat.
  • Nicolaas Bastert (1890/1919): Een waterplas in een weiland, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
    Nicolaas Bastert (1890/1919): Een waterplas in een weiland, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
  • Suze Bisschop Robertson (1900):Woman spinning, Gemeentemuseum Helmond.
    Suze Bisschop Robertson (1900):Woman spinning, Gemeentemuseum Helmond.
  • Richard Roland Holst (1888/95): Boomgaard te Eemnes, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
    Richard Roland Holst (1888/95): Boomgaard te Eemnes, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
  • Johan Coenraad Braakensiek (1926): Hartjesdag, Amsterdam Museum.
    Johan Coenraad Braakensiek (1926): Hartjesdag, Amsterdam Museum.
  • George Hendrik Breitner (1893/95): Girl in a Red Kimono, privat.
    George Hendrik Breitner (1893/95): Girl in a Red Kimono, privat.
  • Antoon Derkinderen: De Bazel, Vijzelstraat, Amsterdam.
    Antoon Derkinderen: De Bazel, Vijzelstraat, Amsterdam.
  • Antoon Derkinderen (1889): Processie van het H. Sacrament van Miracel, Amsterdamse Begijnhofkapel.
    Antoon Derkinderen (1889): Processie van het H. Sacrament van Miracel, Amsterdamse Begijnhofkapel.
  • Leo Gestel (1910): A sunny morning.
    Leo Gestel (1910): A sunny morning.
  • Arnold Marc Gorter (1900): Vordense Beek in de winter.
    Arnold Marc Gorter (1900): Vordense Beek in de winter.
  • Hendrik Maarten Krabbé (1900): Young lady, privat.
    Hendrik Maarten Krabbé (1900): Young lady, privat.
  • Jacobus van Looy (1890/95): Café, Franz-Hals-Museum.
    Jacobus van Looy (1890/95): Café, Franz-Hals-Museum.
  • Wally Moes (1900): Sleeping baby, privat.
    Wally Moes (1900): Sleeping baby, privat.
  • Piet Mondrian (1903): Oostzijdse Mill along the River Gein by Moonlight, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
    Piet Mondrian (1903): Oostzijdse Mill along the River Gein by Moonlight, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
  • Piet Mondriaan (1908): Mill in Sunlight, Gemeentemuseum The Hague.
    Piet Mondriaan (1908): Mill in Sunlight, Gemeentemuseum The Hague.
  • Piet Mondriaan (1939/42): Composition 10, privat.
    Piet Mondriaan (1939/42): Composition 10, privat.
  • Hobbe Smith (1913): Gezicht op de IJhaven en de Javakade naar het westen, met een "blauwpijper" van de Nederlandsche Stoomvaart Maatschappij Oceaan-Havengezicht het IJ ten zuiden v-d Handelskade, Amsterdam Museum.
    Hobbe Smith (1913): Gezicht op de IJhaven en de Javakade naar het westen, met een "blauwpijper" van de Nederlandsche Stoomvaart Maatschappij Oceaan-Havengezicht het IJ ten zuiden v-d Handelskade, Amsterdam Museum.
  • Willem Bastiaan Tholen (1882): De schilder Gabriël aan het werk in de vrije natuur, Museum Boijmans van Beuningen, Rotterdam.
    Willem Bastiaan Tholen (1882): De schilder Gabriël aan het werk in de vrije natuur, Museum Boijmans van Beuningen, Rotterdam.
  • Johannes Theodorus Toorop(1885): Annie Hall in Lissadell, Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam.
    Johannes Theodorus Toorop(1885): Annie Hall in Lissadell, Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam.
  • Maurits van der Valk (1917): Stilleven met schelp en schaaltje, privat.
    Maurits van der Valk (1917): Stilleven met schelp en schaaltje, privat.
  • Jan Pieter Veth (1885): Portret van Albert Verwey, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
    Jan Pieter Veth (1885): Portret van Albert Verwey, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
  • Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller (1900): A winter landscape with houses along a canal, privat.
    Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller (1900): A winter landscape with houses along a canal, privat.

Exhibition

  • Allebé, August 1838 – 1927, Teylers Museum, Dortrecht

In possession of the Museum a.s.f.

  • Historisch Museum, Amsterdam,
  • Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam,
  • Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam,
  • Universiteit van Amsterdam,
  • Dordrechtsmuseum, Dordrecht,
  • Rijksmuseum "Zuiderzeemuseum", Enkhuizen,
  • Teyler Museum, Haarlem,
  • Gemeentemuseum, The Hague,
  • Museum Mesdag, The Hague,
  • Rijksmuseum Köller-Müller, Otterlo,
  • Stania State, Oenkerk,
  • Leiden Universiteit,
  • Museum Boijmans van Beuningen, Rotterdam and
  • Fogelsaugh State, Veonkloster.

Biography

  • Hammacher, A.W. (1946): Amsterdamsche Impressionisten en hun Kring, Amsterdam, J.M. Meulenhoff
  • Loos, Wiepke und van Serooskerken, Carpel van Tuyll (1988): Waarde Heer Allebé – Leven en werk van August Allebé (1838–1927), Wanders, ISBN 90-6630-124-4
  • Muller, Sheila D. (2013): Dutch Art – An Encyclopedia, Routledge, ISBN 1-135-49574-2
  • Bouret, Jean: L'École de Barbizon et le paysage française au XIXe siècle, Neuchâtel, 1972
  • Pillement, Georges: Les Pré-Impressionistes, Zug, 1972, CCLC 638279063
  • Berson, Ruth (1989): The new Painting: Impressionism 1874 – 1886, Documentation, 3 Bd., Phaidon Press Ltd. Oxford, ISBN 0-7148-2430-5
  • Broude, Norma (1990): Impressionismus – eine Internationale Bewegung 1860–1920, Dumond Buchverlag Köln, ISBN 3-8321-7454-0
  • Constable, Freda: John Constable, a biography, 1776–1837, Lavenham, Dalton, 1975, ISBN 0-900963-54-9
  • Noon, Patrick (1991): John Parkers Bonington – On the Pleasure of Painting, Balding + Mansell, ISBN 0-300-05108-5
  • Sillevis, John; Kraan, Hans und Dorn, Roland 1987: Die Haager Schule, Meisterwerke der Holländischen Malerei des 19. Jahrhunderts aus Haags Gemeentemuseum, Ausst.Kat. Kunsthalle Mannheim, Edition Braus, ISBN 3-925835-08-3
  • Pfeifer, Ingrid und Hollein, Max (2008): Impressionistinnen, Aust.-Kat. Kunsthalle Frankfurt, Hatje Crantz, ISBN 3-7757-2078-2
  • Die Düsseldorfter Malerschule 1830–1920, Bd. 1 und 2, Ausst.-Kat. D'dorf, ISBN 3-86568-702-4
  • House, John und Stevens Mary Anne (1979): Post-Impresionism, Weidenfeld and Nicolson London, ISBN 0-297-77713-0
  • Guratzsch, Hedwig (1979): Die große Zeit der niederländischen Malerei, Herder, ISBN 3-451-18218-1
  • Brax, Dr. d. (1952): Hollandes en vlaamse Schilderkunst in Zuid-Afríka, J.H. de Bussy Amsterdam
  • Heilmann, Christoph; Clarke, Michael und Sillevis, John (1996): Corot, Courbet und die Maler von Barbizon (Les amis de la nature), Klinkhardt & Biermann, ISBN 3-7814-0395-5
  • Loos, Wiepke; te Rijdt, Robert Jan und van Heteren, Marjan (1997): Niederländische Landschaftsmaler: Meisterwerke des 18. und des 19. Jahrhunderts, Ausst.-Kat. Belser Verlag, ISBN 3-7630-2353-4
  • Bühler, Hans Peter (1979): Die Schule von Barbizon, Verlag F. Bruckmann KG, München, 1979
  • Moffet, Charles S. (1986): The New Painting 1878–1886, Ausst.-Kat. Phaidon Oxford, ISBN 0-7148-2430-5
  • Camille Pissarr
  • Beyeler, Ernst (2002): Claude Monet und die Geburt des Impressionismus, Ausst.-Kat., Prestel, ISBN 3-7913-5414-0
  • Aschoff, Ulrike (2014): Camille Pissaro – der Vater des Impressionismus, Ausst.-Kat. von der Heydt Museum, ISBN 3-89202-091-4
  • Lorenceau, Bernhard (1996): Johan Barthold Jongkind – 1819 –1891, Brame Lorenceau Paris, ISBN 2-9510156-0-7
  • van Eikeren, Johan H. (1947): De Amsterdamse Joffers: Maria E. van Regteren Altena, Ans van den Berg, Jo Bauer-Stumpff, Nelly Bodenheim., Lizzy Ansingh, Coba Ritsema, Coba Surie, Betsie Westendorp-Osieck, ISBN 90-5897-422-7
  • Glorie, Ingrid (2000): Juffers en Joffers: een eerbewijs aan vrouwen in de schilderkunst, De Doelenpers, ISBN 90-70655-27-6
  • Wright, Christopher (1980): Paintings in Dutch Museums, Philip Wilson Publishers Ltd., London, ISBN 0-85667-077-4

Publications

  • J. Knoef, onbekende grafiek van A. Allebé, Oud Holland, 68, 1953, Seite 174–178
  • A. Hoogendoorn, Een jeugdwerk von August Allebé, Oud Holland, 69, 1954, Seite 58 ff.

References

  1. ^ The Impressionism as an international movement lasted from about 1860 to 1920.
  2. ^ From about 1610 the old guilds emerged in the Low Countries and the last was disbanded around 1795. Almost every town had such one and they were founded for economic reasons. They must be seen in connection with the 1. Dutch golden age of painting.
  3. ^ It was named after the patron of the painters.
  4. ^ The flow of Amsterdamse Joffers is a movement within the Amsterdam Impressionism. Its members, however, have always chosen their own way.
  5. ^ Here the modern art as movement is understood as superordinate term for an era. Her end is seen in the art movement of post-modernism.
  6. ^ a b c d August Allebé in the RKD
  7. ^ The patron saint of painters is the Holy St. Luke. This new artist's association has been named after him.
  8. ^ The first arts guilds of St. Lucas had been founded already in the 16th century in the Low Countries. The starting point was the reform movement of 1579 and the shaking of the catholic state power of the Habsburg Kingdom of Spain. In 1610/11 they were founded in Haarlem, Gouda, Delft, Rotterdam and The Hague. The last of their kind existed in Antwerp until 1795.
  9. ^ a b c d She belongs to the "Amsterdamse Joffers", part of the Amsterdamse Impressionism.
  10. ^ a b c He had got privat lessons.
  11. ^ He has been a short time at the akademy and left it for Paris.
  12. ^ Art historians believe that Piet Mondriaan was student of Prof. Allebé, too.
  13. ^ She had got private lessons.
  14. ^ In 1880 he got the membership of St. Lucas as student.
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