Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81

Site 81

A Proton-K with the Zvezda Service Module of the International Space Station during launch from LC-81/23.
Launch site	Baikonur Cosmodrome
Operator	RVSN, VKS, RKA
Total launches	188
Launch pad(s)	2
Orbital inclination range	49° – 99°
Site 81/23 launch history Status Inactive Launches 104 First launch 16 July 1965 (1965-07-16) UR-500 / Proton 1 Last launch 27 March 2004 Proton-K/DM-2 / Globus No.17L Associated rockets UR-500 Proton-K Site 81/24 launch history Status Active Launches 84 First launch 22 November 1967 Proton-K/D / Soyuz 7K-L1 No.5L Last launch 16 August 2017 Proton-M/Briz-M / Blagovest-11L Associated rockets Proton-K Proton-M (active)

Site 81 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome is a launch site used, along with Site 200, by Proton rockets. It consists of two launch pads, areas 23 and 24. Area 24 is used for Proton-K and Proton-M launches, while Area 23 is inactive.

Several planetary probes have been launched from Site 81. Area 23 was used to launch Mars 3, Mars 4, Mars 6 and Venera 11, whilst Area 24 was used by Mars 2, Mars 5, Mars 7, Venera 9, Venera 10 and Venera 12. Several Luna probes were also launched from both areas.

The Zarya and Zvezda modules of the International Space Station, as well as Salyut 2, 3 and 5, and the Spektr and Priroda modules of Mir, were launched from Area 23. Area 24 was used to launch Salyut 1, 4 and 6.

On 2 July 2013, a Proton-M/DM-03 launched from Site 81/24 carrying three GLONASS navigation satellites. Immediately after liftoff, the rocket began to pitch over, and rolled out of control. The rocket fell close to the launch pad and exploded, the extent of any damage to Site 81 or the Baikonur Cosmodrome is unclear.

References

• Wade, Mark. "Baikonur LC81/23". Encyclopedia Astronatuica. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-15. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
• Wade, Mark. "Baikonur LC81/24". Encyclopedia Astronatuica. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-15. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)