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Balsham

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Balsham
Thatched cottage, Balsham
Population1,591 (2011 Census)[1]
OS grid referenceTL591507
• London59 miles (95 km)
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townCAMBRIDGE
Postcode districtCB21
Dialling code01223
PoliceCambridgeshire
FireCambridgeshire
AmbulanceEast of England
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Cambridgeshire
The Balsham village sign

Balsham is a rural village and civil parish in the county of Cambridgeshire, in the United Kingdom, which has much expanded since the 1960s and is now one of several dormitory settlements of Cambridge. The village is south east of the centre of Cambridge beyond the A11 road and also within comfortable driving distance of Newmarket and Haverhill where many residents work and shop.

History

In 1015, Balsham was totally destroyed by Viking raiders. A sign on the village green commemorates the sole survivor of the attack who escaped by hiding in the parish church.[2]

In 1568 Richard Killingworth, Esq., was granted an estate at Balsham, which in 1590 belonged to his son and heir John Killingworth and was called Place Manor, much later becoming Place Farm. In 1617, the year of John's death, he still held the manor on the site of what in 1975 was called Balsham Place, together with freehold and copyhold lands, an enclosure in Balsham Wood, and heathland in the west part of the parish. His eldest son Giles (born 1571) thereafter held the manor of the Charterhouse Foundation, the feudal superior. A Mr. Killingworth still held the estate in 1715 when it appeared to extend to 261 acres, but in 1756 it was for sale.[3]

The area between Balsham and West Wratting is said to be the haunt of the mythical Shug Monkey.[4]

Holy Trinity Church

The current church has a mix of dates, with the bell tower being the oldest part, dating from the 13th century. It was possibly built by Hugh de Balsham, who was Bishop of Ely between 1257 and 1286.[5] The chancel dates from the early 14th century, whilst the nave with its clerestory dates from the late 14th - the 26 stalls with their misericords were added during this building phase and probably date from 1400. A rood loft was added in the latter half of the 15th century, and the chancel roof was raised with its clerestory being added at the same time.

At some (unrecorded) time between the Dissolution of the Monasteries and the end of The Commonwealth, 17 of the misericords were removed, leaving nine. In the 19th century one misericord, which may have been the work of Canon H.J.S. Burrell, a former rector who was a noted woodcarver, was added.

The 19th century saw some extensive renovation, with the roofs being renewed, and the clerestories being repaired. A vestry was added on the north side in 1867, and further restoration was carried out in 1875.

Further works have been carried out in the 20th century, with the addition of a chapel in the north aisle, containing an Elizabethan altar table. In 1973 the bell tower was strengthened.

There are some pictures and a description of the church at the Cambridgeshire Churches website.[6]

The village was at one time noted for its large community of Familists.

Politics

Balsham is part of the South East Cambridgeshire for UK general elections. A safe seat for the Conservative party, the seat is currently held by Lucy Frazer, following the retirement of Sir James Paice.[7]At the 2015 general election, the Conservatives won 48.5% of the vote in the constituency, leaving the Liberal Democrats and Labour a distant second and third respectively.[8]

Balsham is in the Linton Electoral Division for County Council elections. At the 2013 County Council Elections the Conservatives won 1,253 votes winning by a majority of 1 from the Liberal Democrats (1,252 votes). The United Kingdom Independence Party (346 votes) were third and Labour (269 votes) fourth.[9]

Balsham is in the South Cambridgeshire local government district. The village is part of a ward that also comprises Carlton, Castle Camps, Horseheath, Shudy Camps, West Wickham, West Wratting and Weston Colville. As at the 2013 local elections, the two seats on the district council were held by the Conservatives.[10]

Geography

Balsham is a large parish covering 1,831 hectares (4,520 acres). It is located at 52°7′54″N 0°19′22″E / 52.13167°N 0.32278°E / 52.13167; 0.32278 in south east Cambridgeshire, near the county boundaries with Essex and Suffolk. The town is 9 miles (14 km) south east of the city of Cambridge. The larger village of Linton is to the west, and smaller villages of West Wickham and West Wratting lie to the south and east.

The village is sited on a ridge which runs from east to west, reaching 380 feet (116 m) at its eastern edge. From the village, the ground falls away to open countryside.[11]

Demography

At the 2011 census, the Balsham parish had a population of 1,591.[12]

Economy

Balsham has a post office/general store. Until recently it also had a butcher's shop. The village also has two public houses - The Black Bull[13] and The Bell.[14]

Landmarks

The Prince's Memorial bandstand.

Prince's Memorial is a full-sized bandstand opposite the village green.

The Icknield Way Path passes through the village on its 110 mile journey from Ivinghoe Beacon in Buckinghamshire to Knettishall Heath in Suffolk. The Icknield Way Trail, a multi-user route for walkers, horse riders and off-road cyclists also passes through the village. A stone marking the route of the Icknield Way is located on the village green.

Transport

There is a very limited local bus service running through the village operated by Stagecoach that terminates in Cambridge. Buses run approximately every two hours between Haverhill and Cambridge.[15][16] The A11 road runs within 2 miles (3 km) of Balsham, providing easy links to Stansted Airport and London . The nearest railway stations to Balsham are Audley End and Whittlesford Parkway on the West Anglia Main Line to London Liverpool Street, and Cambridge which connects several lines including the Hitchin-Cambridge Line to London King's Cross.[17] Balsham is served by two airports: Cambridge Airport and London Stansted which is about 20 miles away.

Balsham was served briefly by train in the 1840s by Balsham Road on the Newmarket and Chesterford Railway, one of the earliest railway closures in history when the line was diverted to Cambridge.

Education

The Meadow Community Primary School on the High Street provides for primary school children aged from 4 to 11. The school had 234 pupils in 2016.[18][19] Children from the surrounding villages West Wratting, West Wickham, and Weston Colville also attend the school, travelling there by bus. Children of secondary school age travel to nearby Linton Village College.[20]

Culture and sports

The Church Institute used to host a number of groups and societies. However, in recent years, the Women's Institute and local pantomime groups are more likely to meet at the school.[citation needed] The Holy Trinity Church holds two services every Sunday and communion every Wednesday. The church also plays host to two yearly concerts by the village choir, the Balsham Singers.[21] The village has a large recreation ground and bowling green used by football, cricket, and bowls teams.[22]

Media

Balsham is covered by several local newspapers. The Cambridge Evening News is published each afternoon and occasionally contains news about the village, while the Haverhill Echo appears every Thursday and offers more comprehensive coverage.[citation needed] The Saffron Walden Reporter is a free newspaper delivered weekly to every residence in the village, and is the main source of local property listings.[citation needed] Balsham Review is a monthly parish magazine with local news, sporting reports, and advertisements.[citation needed] Local radio stations include BBC Radio Cambridgeshire and Heart Cambridge.[citation needed] There is no cable television in the village, but broadband internet access is available in the form of ADSL.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Census Maps".
  2. ^ "From the Viking Invasion to the Norman Conquest". St Edmundbury Borough Council. Archived from the original on 25 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-12. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ The Victoria County History of Cambridgeshire, vol vi, p.129.
  4. ^ Alexander, Marc (2002) A Companion to the Folklore, Myths & Customs of Britain, Sutton Publishing, p.272
  5. ^ "Balsham, Holy Trinity". Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  6. ^ "The church's page at the Cambridgeshire Churches website".
  7. ^ Constituency Profile, BBC News
  8. ^ Cambridgeshire South East, BBC News
  9. ^ "Election results for Linton Electoral Division".
  10. ^ "Your Councillors - South Cambridgeshire District Council".
  11. ^ Landranger (Map) (D1 ed.). Ordnance Survey. § 154.
  12. ^ "Census Maps".
  13. ^ "The Black Bull website".
  14. ^ "The Bell Public House website".
  15. ^ "Service Number 16A" (PDF). Stagecoach. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
  16. ^ "Service Number 19" (PDF). Stagecoach. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
  17. ^ "Stations and Destinations". National Rail Enquiries. Archived from the original on 11 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-11. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ "Meadow Community Primary School, Balsham". www.themeadowbalsham.co.uk. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  19. ^ "Meadow Primary School, Balsham". www.education.gov.uk. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  20. ^ "Linton Village College". Department for Education. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  21. ^ "Balsham Singers". Retrieved 10 March 2016.]
  22. ^ "Sports Facilities Database" (PDF). Cambridgeshire County Council. Retrieved 2008-03-12.
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