Bud Abbott
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2008) |
Bud Abbott | |
|---|---|
 Abbott in 1951 | |
| Born | William Alexander Abbott October 2, 1897 Asbury Park, New Jersey, United States |
| Died | April 24, 1974 (aged 76) Woodland Hills, California, United States |
| Cause of death | Cancer |
| Resting place | Scattered over the Pacific Ocean |
| Occupation(s) | Actor, comedian, producer |
| Years active | 1924–1967 |
| Spouse(s) |
Betty Smith
(m. 1918; "his death" is deprecated; use "died" instead. 1974) |
William Alexander "Bud" Abbott (October 2, 1897 – April 24, 1974)[1] was an American actor, producer, and comedian.[2] He is best remembered as the straight man of the comedy team of Abbott and Costello, with Lou Costello.
Early life
Abbott was born in Asbury Park, New Jersey, into a show business family. His parents, Rae (Fisher) and Harry Abbott, had worked for the Barnum and Bailey Circus.[3][4] Several years after the family relocated to Brooklyn, Abbott dropped out of grammar school to begin working with his father at Dreamland Park on Coney Island. When he was 15, Abbott signed on as a cabin boy on a Norwegian steamer, but was soon forced to shovel coal. He eventually worked his way back to the United States after a year.
By then his father was an employee of the Columbia Burlesque Wheel, and installed Bud in the box office of the Casino Theater in Brooklyn. Bud spent the next few years in burlesque box offices. In 1918, working in Washington D.C., he met and married Jenny Mae Pratt, a burlesque dancer and comedian who performed as Betty Smith. They remained together until his death 55 years later. In 1923 Abbott produced a cut-rate vaudeville "tab show" called Broadway Flashes, which toured on the Gus Sun circuit.[5] Abbott began performing as a straight man in the show when he could no longer afford to pay one. He continued producing and performing in burlesque shows on the Mutual Burlesque wheel, and as his reputation grew, he began working with veteran comedians like Harry Steppe and Harry Evanson.[6]
Career
Lou Costello and Hollywood
Abbott crossed paths with Lou Costello in burlesque a few times in the early 1930s when Abbott was producing and performing in Minsky's Burlesque shows and Costello was a rising comic. They first worked together in 1935 at the Eltinge Theater on 42nd Street, after an illness sidelined Costello's regular partner.[7] They formally teamed up in 1936, and went on to perform together in burlesque, vaudeville, minstrel shows, and stage shows.
In 1938, they received national exposure as regulars on the Kate Smith Hour radio show, which led to roles in a Broadway musical, The Streets of Paris. In 1940, Universal signed the team for their first film, One Night in the Tropics. Despite having minor roles, Abbott and Costello stole the film with several classic routines, including an abbreviated version of "Who's On First?"[8]
During World War II, Abbott and Costello were among the most popular and highest-paid stars in the world. Between 1940 and 1956 they made 36 films and earned a percentage of the profits on each.[9] They were popular on radio throughout the 1940s, first on NBC from 1942 to 1947, and from 1947 to 1949 on ABC. In the 1950s, they introduced their comedy to live television on The Colgate Comedy Hour, and launched their own half-hour series, The Abbott and Costello Show.
Abbott was very supportive of his relatives. Norman and Betty Abbott, the children of Bud's older sister, Olive, started their careers working behind the scenes on Abbott and Costello films. Betty became Blake Edwards' longtime script supervisor, and Norman directed many television sitcoms, including the Jack Benny Show and Sanford and Son.
Strain and split
Relations between Abbott and Costello were strained by egos and salary disputes. In their burlesque days, they split their earnings 60%–40%, favoring Abbott, because the straight man was always viewed as the more valuable member of the team. This was eventually changed to 50%–50%, but after a year in Hollywood, Costello insisted on a 60%–40% split in his favor, and it remained so for the remainder of their careers. Costello also demanded that the team be renamed "Costello and Abbott," but this was rejected by Universal Studios, resulting in a "permanent chill" between the two partners, according to Lou's daughter Chris Costello in her biography Lou's on First. Their relationship was further strained by Abbott's alcohol abuse, a habit motivated by his desire to stave off epileptic seizures.
The team's popularity waned in the 1950s, and they were bedeviled by tax issues; the IRS demanded heavy back taxes, forcing the partners (both of whom had been free spenders and serious gamblers) to sell most of their assets, including the rights to many of their films. Universal dropped their contract after 14 years in 1955. Abbott and Costello split in 1957. Lou Costello died on March 3, 1959.
Later years
In 1960, Abbott began performing with a new partner, Candy Candido, to good reviews. But Abbott called it quits, remarking that "No one could ever live up to Lou." The following year, Abbott performed in a dramatic television episode of General Electric Theater titled "The Joke's On Me". A few years later, Abbott provided his own voice for the Hanna-Barbera animated series The Abbott and Costello Cartoon Show, with Stan Irwin providing the voice of Lou Costello.
Personal life
Bud and Betty Abbott were married for 55 years. The couple adopted two children: Bud Jr. in 1942 and Vickie in 1949. Bud Jr. died on January 19, 1997 at the age of 57.
Bud Abbott has three stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame: the radio star is located on 6333 Hollywood Boulevard, the motion pictures star is located on 1611 Vine Street, and the TV star is located on 6740 Hollywood Boulevard.
Death
Abbott suffered from epilepsy starting from about 1926.[10] In 1964, he suffered the first in a series of strokes.[11] In 1972, he broke his hip.[citation needed] Abbott died of cancer at the age of 76 on April 24, 1974, at his home in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles.[12] His remains were cremated and his ashes were spread into the Pacific Ocean. His wife Betty died on September 12, 1981 at the age of 79.
When Groucho Marx was asked about Abbott shortly after his death, his response was that Abbott was "the greatest straight man ever."[13]
Honors and awards
Abbott and Costello are among the few non-baseball personnel to be memorialized in the Baseball Hall of Fame, although they are not inductees of the Hall itself. A plaque and a gold record of the "Who's On First?" sketch have been on permanent display there since 1956, and the routine runs on an endless video loop in the exhibit area.[14]
Abbott and Costello each have three stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for their work on radio, television and in films.
In 1942 they were voted the country's No. 1 Box Office Stars by exhibitors.
Abbott received the Lifetime Achievement Award for Acting (posthumously) from the Garden State Film Festival in 2006; it was accepted on his behalf by his daughter Vickie Abbott Wheeler.[citation needed]
Abbott is a 2009 inductee of the New Jersey Hall of Fame.[15]
Filmography
As himself
- ABC 2000: The Millennium (1999) (TV) (voice)
- The Century: America's Time (1999) (TV Mini Series)
- This Is Your Life (1956) (TV Series)
- Toast of the Town (1955) (TV Series)
- Screen Snapshots Series 33, No. 10: Hollywood Grows Up (1954)
- News of the Day (1952)
- The Colgate Comedy Hour (1951) (Host, 1951–1954)
- Screen Snapshots: Motion Picture Mothers, Inc. (1949)
- 10,000 Kids and a Cop (1948)
- Picture People No. 10: Hollywood at Home (1942)
- Meet the People (1941)
References
- ^ [1] WW1 Draft Registration, in his own hand, from 1918, at Ancestry.com [subscription]
- ^ The year of birth has been reported as 1895, 1896, 1897, and 1898 in different sources. This has been discussed in some depth on this article's talk page. The 1895 date was perpetuated by sources copying from earlier sources. After Abbott's birth certificate, Census data, and World War I draft card became available online, 1897 became the most credible date.
- ^ "http://www.biography.com/people/bud-abbott-20617237". biography.com. Retrieved November 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}: External link in|title= - ^ Parish, J.R.; Leonard, W.T. (1979). The funsters. Arlington House. ISBN 9780870004186. Retrieved November 15, 2014.
- ^ Slide, Anthony. The Encyclopedia of Vaudeville. Westport, Connecticut, Greenwood Press, 1994, p. 1.
- ^ Furmanek, Bob and Ron Palumbo (1991). Abbott and Costello in Hollywood. New York: Perigee Books. ISBN 0-399-51605-0
- ^ a b "Abbott, Bud; and Costello, Lou". Encyclopedia Britannica. Vol. I: A-Ak - Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. 2010. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
- ^ Furmanek, Bob and Ron Palumbo (1991). Abbott and Costello in Hollywood. New York: Perigee Books. ISBN 0-399-51605-0
- ^ Furmanek, Bob and Ron Palumbo (1991). Abbott and Costello in Hollywood. New York: Perigee Books. ISBN 0-399-51605-0
- ^ Thomas, Bob (1977). "Bud and Lou: the Abbott and Costello Story." Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. ISBN 0-397-01195-4
- ^ Furmanek, Bob and Ron Palumbo (1991). Abbott and Costello in Hollywood. New York: Perigee Books. ISBN 0-399-51605-0
- ^ Bud Abbott dies at 78
- ^ Furmanek, Bob and Ron Palumbo (1991). Abbott and Costello in Hollywood. New York: Perigee Books. ISBN 0-399-51605-0
- ^ Dunning, J. On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio. Oxford Univ. Press (1998), pp. 2-3. ISBN 0-19-507678-8
- ^ New Jersey to Bon Jovi: You Give Us a Good Name Yahoo News, February 2, 2009
External links
- Bud Abbott at IMDb
- Bud Abbott at AllMovie
- Bud Abbott in the Hollywood Walk of Fame Directory
- Bud Abbott @ Find A Grave
- American male comedians
- Abbott and Costello (film series)
- American male film actors
- American male radio actors
- American male stage actors
- American male television actors
- American stunt performers
- Burlesque performers
- Vaudeville performers
- 1898 births
- 1974 deaths
- Male actors from New Jersey
- Male actors from Los Angeles, California
- National Radio Hall of Fame inductees
- People from Asbury Park, New Jersey
- People with epilepsy
- Cancer deaths in California
- 20th-century American male actors