Chinese crocodile lizard
| Chinese crocodile lizard | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Family: | Shinisauridae |
| Genus: | Shinisaurus Ahl, 1930 |
| Species: | S. crocodilurus
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| Binomial name | |
| Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ahl, 1930
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The Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) is a semiaquatic lizard found only in cool forests in the Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou Provinces of southern China, and the Quảng Ninh Province in northern Vietnam. The Chinese crocodile lizard spends much of its time in shallow water or in overhanging branches and vegetation, where it hunts its prey of insects, snails, tadpoles, and worms. Individuals in captivity may be fed baby mice.[1] A rare and little-studied lizard, it is listed in CITES Appendix II, which regulates international trade of specimens.[2] This is the only species in the monotypic genus Shinisaurus.[3]
Taxonomy
Shinisaurus (literally "Shin's lizard") honours the biologist Sin Shu-szi (Chinese: 辛树帜; pinyin: Xīn Shùzhì), a member of a joint Chinese-German expedition that discovered this species (as well as the frog Quasipaa shini).[4] Its specific name – like the separate genus Crocodilurus – means "crocodile-tail".[5]
Shinisaurus was once also regarded as a member of Xenosauridae, but most recent studies of the evolutionary relationships of anguimorphs consider Shinisaurus to be more closely related to monitor lizards and helodermatids than to Xenosaurus. It is now placed in its own family: Shinisauridae.
Description
The Chinese crocodile lizard is green, colored with reddish neck markings and alternating bands of light and dark marks. Males are more colorful than females, especially during the breeding season. They are 40–46 cm (16–18 in) long. Perhaps its most distinctive features are the rows of enlarged, bony scales down its back and muscular tail that resemble those of a crocodile.[6]
Conservation
A 2008 study estimated 950 crocodile lizards left in China.[3] Fewer than 200 specimens are left in Vietnam, and until 2013, most of the population in Vietnam had been caught for sale in Guangxi.[citation needed] Habitat loss is the main threat to the species. Before it became a CITES protected species, it was occasionally imported for the pet trade, which also contributed to its population decline.[1] In 2014, it was granted an IUCN Red List status of endangered (EN), based on severe habitat fragmentation and population declines [7]
References
- ^ a b Chinese Crocodile Lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus). The Sacramento Zoological Society.
- ^ "Chinese Crocodile Lizard". Retrieved 2013-05-17. CITES Web Gallery.
- ^ a b Huang, C. M., et al. (2008). Population and conservation strategies for the Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) in China. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 31(2) 63-70.
- ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. JHU Press. p. 242. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5.
Shu-szi Sin led an expedition to southern China. His name was [pronounced] as "Shin" by the other expedition participants, who were all German.
- ^ The Vivarium. American Federation of Herpetoculturists. 1989.
In 1930, he christened the new species Shinisaurus crocodilurus (literally, "Shin's lizard with crocodile's tail").
- ^ Wilson, Don W.; Burnie, David (2001). Animal. London: DK. p. 422. ISBN 0-7894-7764-5.
- ^ Nguyen, QT; Hamilton, P; Ziegler, T. "Shinisaurus crocodilurus". IUCN Redlist. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
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