Cosmoscarta

Cosmoscarta
	Cosmoscarta bispecularis from Hong Kong
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hemiptera
Suborder:	Auchenorrhyncha
Family:	Cercopidae
Subfamily:	Cercopinae
Genus:	Cosmoscarta; Stål, 1869
Type species
	Cercopis heros; Fabricius, 1803

Cosmoscarta is a genus of froghoppers found in the Indo-Malayan region. Many of the species are boldly marked in black and red or yellow. A few species are of economic importance as they can cause injury to plants under cultivation.

The genus was erected by Stål on the basis of a large frons extending almost to the eyes and lacking any longitudinal furrows or keels. The hind tibia has a strong spine at the mid position and sometimes a smaller spine near the base. The related genus Phymatostetha has a narrower pronotum with the posterior margin straighter or with a sinuate margin before the scutellum.^[2]^[3]

Cosmoscarta dorsimacula is sometimes considered a pest on glutinous rice yam (Dioscorea alata).^[4] Cosmoscarta relata has been recorded in large numbers on jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus).

Species in the genus include:

Cosmoscarta abdominalis (Donovan, 1798)
Cosmoscarta aerata Jacobi, 1905
Cosmoscarta affinis (Atkinson, 1889)
Cosmoscarta amabilis (Stål, 1865)
Cosmoscarta amymone Breddin, 1900
Cosmoscarta andamana Distant, 1878
Cosmoscarta angulifera (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta apiana Lallemand, 1935
Cosmoscarta arethusa Breddin, 1900
Cosmoscarta assamensis Distant, 1914
Cosmoscarta balteata Distant, 1914
Cosmoscarta bicincta Lallemand, 1931
Cosmoscarta bicolor Lallemand, 1922
Cosmoscarta bimacula (Walker, 1851)
Cosmoscarta bipunctata Schmidt, 1911
Cosmoscarta bispecularis (White, 1844)
Cosmoscarta boutharensis Lallemand, 1922
Cosmoscarta brevis Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta brevistriga (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta bruneoscutellata Lallemand, 1927
Cosmoscarta callirrhoe Breddin, 1901
Cosmoscarta callizona Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta carens Noualhier, 1896
Cosmoscarta carpentieri Lallemand, 1928
Cosmoscarta castanea Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta celebesensis Lallemand, 1922
Cosmoscarta chrysomelaena Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta concisa (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta confinis Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta consociata Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta contigua Lallemand, 1927
Cosmoscarta convexa (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta coronis Jacobi, 1905
Cosmoscarta decisa (Walker, 1858)
Cosmoscarta dimidiata (Dallas, 1850)
Cosmoscarta diminuta Lallemand, 1930
Cosmoscarta dimota Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta discessa Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta discrepans (Walker, 1857)
Cosmoscarta dorsalis (Walker, 1851)
Cosmoscarta dorsimacula (Walker, 1851)
Cosmoscarta dryope Breddin, 1900
Cosmoscarta ducens (Walker, 1851)
Cosmoscarta egens (Walker, 1858)
Cosmoscarta egentior Lallemand, 1927
Cosmoscarta egeria Schmidt, 1911
Cosmoscarta elegantula Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta exultans (Walker, 1858)
Cosmoscarta fictilis Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta flora Distant, 1908
Cosmoscarta florella Metcalf, 1961
Cosmoscarta forcipata Lallemand, 1939
Cosmoscarta fumosa Distant, 1914
Cosmoscarta fuscoapicalis Kato, 1928
Cosmoscarta gracilis Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta gravelyi Distant, 1916
Cosmoscarta greeni Atkinson, 1889
Cosmoscarta hainanensis Jacobi, 1921
Cosmoscarta hecuba Breddin, 1903
Cosmoscarta heroina Distant, 1908
Cosmoscarta herossa Jacobi, 1921
Cosmoscarta himalayana Distant, 1914
Cosmoscarta hyale Breddin, 1901
Cosmoscarta hyalinipennis Distant, 1908
Cosmoscarta ignifera Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta imrayi Distant, 1914
Cosmoscarta inconspicua (Butler, 1874)
Cosmoscarta indecisa Jacobi, 1921
Cosmoscarta innominata Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta innota Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta insularis Lallemand, 1922
Cosmoscarta irresoluta (Walker, 1858)
Cosmoscarta lacerata (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta lateralis Jacobi, 1927
Cosmoscarta laticincta (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta lestachei Lallemand, 1922
Cosmoscarta leucothoe Breddin, 1903
Cosmoscarta liriope Breddin, 1901
Cosmoscarta luangana Lallemand, 1927
Cosmoscarta lunata Distant, 1914
Cosmoscarta macgillivrayi Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta maculifascia (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta mandarina Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta mandaru Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta margheritae Distant, 1908
Cosmoscarta maura Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta metallica Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta miniata Haupt, 1918
Cosmoscarta minor Atkinson, 1889
Cosmoscarta mnemosyne Breddin, 1903
Cosmoscarta montana Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta nagasana Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta naiteara Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta nexa (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta nigriceps Schmidt, 1911
Cosmoscarta nigriventris Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta nigroguttata Stål, 1870
Cosmoscarta nitidula Schmidt, 1911
Cosmoscarta nycteis Jacobi, 1905
Cosmoscarta nympha Distant, 1914
Cosmoscarta ochraceicollis Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta orchymonti Lallemand, 1931
Cosmoscarta orithyia Breddin, 1901
Cosmoscarta pallida (Walker, 1851)
Cosmoscarta palopona Lallemand, 1931
Cosmoscarta peguensis Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta pellucida Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta perstrigata Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta pictilis (Stål, 1854)
Cosmoscarta pirene Breddin, 1900
Cosmoscarta prompta Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta pronotalis Distant, 1908
Cosmoscarta psecas Breddin, 1901
Cosmoscarta pulchella Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta putamara Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta raja Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta relata Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta rhanis Breddin, 1901
Cosmoscarta rubromaculata Metcalf & Horton, 1934
Cosmoscarta rubroscutellata Matsumura, 1907
Cosmoscarta samudra Distant, 1908
Cosmoscarta sanguinolenta Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta semimaculata Stål, 1870
Cosmoscarta septempunctata (Walker, 1851)
Cosmoscarta sequens (Walker, 1870)
Cosmoscarta sexmaculata Stål, 1870
Cosmoscarta shillongana Distant, 1908
Cosmoscarta silpha Breddin, 1903
Cosmoscarta siniphila Matsumura, 1942
Cosmoscarta sulukensis Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta sumbawana Lallemand, 1922
Cosmoscarta sundana Metcalf, 1955
Cosmoscarta sylvestris Lallemand, 1931
Cosmoscarta taprobanensis Atkinson, 1889
Cosmoscarta thalia (Stål, 1861)
Cosmoscarta thoracica Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta timorensis Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta tolina Lallemand, 1939
Cosmoscarta trichodias Jacobi, 1902
Cosmoscarta trifasciata Schmidt, 1910
Cosmoscarta trigona (Walker, 1851)
Cosmoscarta trimacula (Walker, 1851)
Cosmoscarta turaja Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta vernalis Lallemand, 1928
Cosmoscarta wallacei Butler, 1874
Cosmoscarta whiteheadi Distant, 1900
Cosmoscarta zonaria Distant, 1908
Cosmoscarta zonata Butler, 1874

References[edit]

^ Stål, C. (1869). Hemiptera Fabriciana. Fabricianska Hemipterarter, efter de Köpenhamn och Kiel förvarade typexemplaren granskade och beskrifne. 2. Handlingar. Vol. 8. Stockholm: Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien. pp. 1–130.
^ Butler, A. G. (1874). "Revision of the homopterous genera Cosmoscarta and Phymatostetha, with descriptions of new species". Cistula Entomologica. 1: 245–270.
^ Distant, W.L. (1908). The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Rhynchota. Volume IV. London: Taylor and Francis. p. 129.
^ Yan, Chengjin; Zu, Zhenhua (2019-01-02). "The complete mitochondrial genome of Cosmoscarta dorsimacula". Mitochondrial DNA. Part B. 4 (1): 975–976. doi:10.1080/23802359.2019.1580158. S2CID 92145450.

[1] Stål, C. (1869). Hemiptera Fabriciana. Fabricianska Hemipterarter, efter de Köpenhamn och Kiel förvarade typexemplaren granskade och beskrifne. 2. Handlingar. Vol. 8. Stockholm: Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien. pp. 1–130.

[2] Butler, A. G. (1874). "Revision of the homopterous genera Cosmoscarta and Phymatostetha, with descriptions of new species". Cistula Entomologica. 1: 245–270.

[3] Distant, W.L. (1908). The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Rhynchota. Volume IV. London: Taylor and Francis. p. 129.

[4] Yan, Chengjin; Zu, Zhenhua (2019-01-02). "The complete mitochondrial genome of Cosmoscarta dorsimacula". Mitochondrial DNA. Part B. 4 (1): 975–976. doi:10.1080/23802359.2019.1580158. S2CID 92145450.

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