View source for Dongguan

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{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = Dongguan
| official_name          = <!-- Official name in English if different from 'name' -->
| native_name            = 东莞市
| native_name_lang = zh-Hans
| other_name             = Tungkun; Tungkuan
| settlement_type        = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| image_skyline          = {{multiple image
| border                   = infobox
| total_width              = 280
| perrow                   = 1/2/2
| image1                   = 东莞市, 中国 Jul 18, 2019 15-38-32.jpeg
| caption1                 = Dongguan CBD
| image2                   = Dongguan Avenue (CBD) 2010.jpg
| caption2                 = Dongguan Avenue
| image3                   = 虎門山.jpg
| caption3                 = Humen Mountain
| image4                   = Yinxian Resorty.jpg
| caption4                 = Yinxian Mountain Resort
| image5                   = Keyuan.jpg
| caption5                 = [[Keyuan]]
}}
| image_caption          = 
| image_seal             = 
| image_shield           = 
| nickname               = 
| motto                  = 
| image_map              = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=9|frame-lat=22.904|frame-long=113.89}}
| image_map1             = Guangdong subdivisions - Dongguan.svg
| map_caption1           = Location of Dongguan in Guangdong
| pushpin_map            = China
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_caption    = Location in China
| coor_pinpoint = Dongguan government
| coordinates            = {{coord|23.021|N|113.752|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-44_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| subdivision_type       = Country
| subdivision_name       = [[China]]
| subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces of China|Province]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[Guangdong]]
| seat_type = Municipal seat
| seat = [[Nancheng Subdistrict, Dongguan|Nancheng Subdistrict]]
| established_title      = County
| established_date       = 331 AD
| established_title2     = City (County-level)
| established_date2      = September 1985
| established_title3     = City (Prefecture-level)
| established_date3      = 1 January 1988
| government_type        = [[Prefecture-level city]]
|governing_body = {{ill|Dongguan Municipal People's Congress|zh|東莞市人民代表大會常務委員會}} 
| government_footnotes   = 
| leader_title           = [[Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary|CCP Secretary]]
| leader_name            = [[Liang Weidong]]
| leader_title1 = [[Dongguan Municipal People's Congress|Congress]] Chairman
| leader_name1 = Liang Weidong
| leader_title2          = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name2           = Xiao Yafei
| leader_title3 = [[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference|CPPCC]] Chairman
| leader_name3 = Luo Zhaoqun
| unit_pref              = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| area_footnotes         = <!-- ([[List of China administrative regions by area|ranked 29th]]) -->
| area_total_km2         = 2465<!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
| area_land_km2          = 
| area_water_km2         = 
| area_water_percent     = 
| area_urban_km2         = 2465
| area_metro_km2         = 19870.4
| elevation_footnotes    = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_m            = 8
| population_footnotes   = <ref name="citypopulation.de">{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-guangdong-admin.php|title=China: Administrative Division of Guăngdōng / 广东省|access-date=25 May 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140923101257/http://www.citypopulation.de:80/php/china-guangdong-admin.php |archive-date=2014-09-23 }}</ref>
| population_total       = 10466625
| population_as_of       = 2020 census
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban       = 10466625
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| population_metro       = 65655622
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_note         = 
|demographics_type2   = GDP<ref>{{cite book|author=广东省统计局、国家统计局广东调查总队|title=《广东统计年鉴－2016》|date=August 2016|publisher=中国统计出版社|isbn=978-7-5037-7837-7|url=http://www.gdstats.gov.cn/tjnj/2016/directory.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222072646/http://www.gdstats.gov.cn/tjnj/2016/directory.html|archivedate=2017-12-22}}</ref>
|demographics2_title1 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
|demographics2_info1 = [[CN¥]] 1.086 trillion<br />[[US$]] 168.3 billion
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 103,284<br />US$ 16,010 
| timezone                = [[China Standard Time]]
| utc_offset              = +8
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 523000
| area_code               = 769
|iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-GD-19]]
| blank_name              = [[Vehicle registration plates of China|Licence plate prefixes]]
| blank_info              = {{lang|zh-cn|粤S}}
| blank2_name             = City flower
| blank2_info             = [[Yulan magnolia]] <br /> ''Magnolia denudata''
| website                 = {{URL|http://www.dg.gov.cn/}}
| footnotes               = 
}}
{{infobox Chinese
| pic      = Dongguan_(Chinese_characters).svg
| piccap   = "Dongguan" in [[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified]] (top) and [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional]] (bottom) Chinese characters
| picupright  = 0.45
| s = {{linktext|东莞}} |t={{linktext|東莞}}
| order    = st
| showflag = py
| l        = {{nowrap|"Eastern [[Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani|Bulrush]](es)"}}
<!--Mandarin / 官话 based-->
| p        = Dōngguǎn | psp      = Tungkun
| bpmf     = ㄉㄨㄥ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ㄍㄨㄢˇ
| gr       = Donggoan
| w        = Tung<sup>1</sup>-kuan<sup>3</sup>
| tp       = Dongguǎn
| myr      = Dūnggwǎn
| mps      = Dūngguǎn
| mi       = {{IPAc-cmn|d|ong|1|.|g|uan|3}}
<!-- Others / Yue Cantonese (粤语) -->
| h        = Dung<sup>1</sup>gon<sup>3</sup> ''or'' Tûng-kón
| y        = Dùnggún ''or'' Dūnggún
| ci       = {{IPA-yue|tôŋ.kǔːn|}} ''or'' {{IPA-yue|tóŋ.kǔːn|}}
| j        = Dung1gun2
}}
'''Dongguan'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|d|U|N|'|g|w|ae|n}};<ref>{{AHDict|Dongguan}}</ref> {{zh|c=东莞市}}; [[pinyin]]: {{Pinyin|Dong1guan3 Shi4}}}} is a [[prefecture-level city]] in central [[Guangdong]] Province, China. An important industrial city in the [[Pearl River Delta]], Dongguan borders the provincial capital of [[Guangzhou]] to the north, [[Huizhou]] to the northeast, [[Shenzhen]] to the south, and the [[Pearl River]] to the west. It is part of the [[Pearl River Delta]] built-up (or metro) area with more than 65.57 million inhabitants as of the 2020 census spread over nine municipalities across an area of {{convert|19,870|km2|sp=us}}.<ref name="citypopulation.de"/>

Dongguan's city administration is considered especially progressive in seeking [[foreign direct investment]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yeung |first1=Godfrey |title=Foreign Direct Investment and Investment Environment in Dongguan Municipality of Southern China |journal=Journal of Contemporary China |year=2001 |volume=10 |issue=26 |pages=125–154 |doi=10.1080/10670560125259 |s2cid=9810364 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229027058 |access-date=6 July 2020}}</ref>{{who|date=March 2014}} Dongguan ranks behind only [[Shenzhen]], [[Shanghai]] and [[Suzhou]] in [[exports]] among [[Chinese cities]], with $65.54 billion in shipments. It is also home to one of the world's largest shopping malls, the [[New South China Mall]],<ref name="pov">[https://www.pbs.org/pov/utopia/ Utopia, Part 3: The World’s Largest Shopping Mall] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828225948/http://www.pbs.org/pov/utopia/ |date=2017-08-28 }}, August 18, 2009, Retrieved February 9, 2010</ref> which is seeing increased activity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theculturetrip.com/asia/china/articles/worlds-biggest-shopping-mall-china-no-longer-ghost-mall/|title=World's Biggest Shopping Mall in China Is No Longer a 'Ghost Mall'|last=Keegan|first=Matthew|website=Culture Trip|date=31 January 2018 |access-date=2019-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180921125040/https://theculturetrip.com/asia/china/articles/worlds-biggest-shopping-mall-china-no-longer-ghost-mall/|archive-date=2018-09-21|url-status=live}}</ref> Although the city is geographically and thus culturally Cantonese in the [[Weitou dialect|Weitou]] form and as well as culturally [[Hakka Chinese|Hakka]] in the prefectures of [[Fenggang, Dongguan|Fenggang]] and [[Qingxi, Dongguan|Qingxi]], the majority of the modern-day population speaks Mandarin due to the large influx of economic migrants from other parts of China.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Keegan |first1=Matthew |title=Dongguan in the spotlight: hi-tech comeback for 'factory of the world'? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/feb/16/dongguan-spotlight-china-factory-world-hi-tech |access-date=6 July 2020 |work=The Guardian |date=16 February 2018}}</ref> The city is home to [[List of universities in China|several universities]], including [[Guangdong University of Science and Technology]], [[Guangdong Medical University]] and [[Dongguan University of Technology]].

== Economy ==
In the [[Pearl River Delta]] region Dongguan was the first urban area where joint production was implemented between village collectives, local [[Cadre system of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese Communist Party cadre]], and foreign investors. In the 1990s this type of enterprise accounted for around 20 percent of all [[foreign direct investment]]s and approximately 50 percent of exports by the [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC).<ref>{{cite book | editor1= Peter Herrle | editor2= Josefine Fokdal | editor3= Detlev Ipsen |title=Beyond Urbanism: Urban(izing) Villages and the Mega-urban Landscape in the Pearl River Delta in China |publisher= Lit |year=2014 |page=36 |isbn=9783643905529 }}</ref>

Today Dongguan is a major manufacturing hub, although it suffered significant loss of economic activity from the impact of the [[2007–2008 financial crisis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90778/8252981.html |title=Dongguan 'remains processing trade hub' |date=22 May 2013 |work=People's Daily Online |access-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225104259/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90778/8252981.html |archive-date=25 February 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1329797/dongguan-city-search-reason-exist |title=Dongguan is city in search of reason to exist |first=He |last=Huifeng |date=12 October 2013 |work=South China Morning Post |access-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026201855/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1329797/dongguan-city-search-reason-exist |archive-date=26 October 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> The largest industrial sector is manufacturing of electronics and communications equipment; international companies with facilities in Dongguan include [[DuPont]], [[Samsung Electronics]], [[Nokia]], [[Coca-Cola]], [[Nestlé]] and [[Maersk]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.dg.gov.cn/Manufacturing%20Base.htm |title=Manufacturing Base' |website=english.dg.gov.cn |publisher=DongGuan Government |access-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403145412/http://english.dg.gov.cn/Manufacturing%20Base.htm |archive-date=3 April 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The [[Dongguan Science and Technology Museum]] opened in December 2005 and is the high tech commerce park in the Songshan Lake district, which opened in 2003. The museum is a partnership with the Global IT Academy of the [[Brea Olinda Unified School District]] in [[Southern California]], demonstrating the city's emphasis on attracting technology business. The city announced in 2005 a planned investment of US$500 million over five years for technology infrastructure improvements. The city administration is considered especially progressive in seeking [[foreign direct investment]].{{citation needed|date=October 2013}} Among the investors were Brazilian shoe manufacturers. Brazil excelled in manufacturing cheap footwear in the 1970s and 80s. The Brazilian community in Dongguan numbered 4,000 people in 2013.<ref>[http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/dinheiro/fi0510200313.htm Brasileiros vão à China em busca de emprego] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150601100954/http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/dinheiro/fi0510200313.htm |date=2015-06-01 }}, [[Folha de S.Paulo]] {{in lang|pt}}</ref><ref>[http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mercado/142697-custo-tira-calcadistas-brasileiros-da-china.shtml Custo tira calçadistas brasileiros da China] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231000647/http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mercado/142697-custo-tira-calcadistas-brasileiros-da-china.shtml |date=2013-12-31 }}, Folha de S.Paulo {{in lang|pt}}</ref>

While the city is the fourth largest export region in China, behind [[Shanghai]], [[Shenzhen]], and [[Suzhou]], Dongguan has yet to gain the kind of name recognition realized by Shenzhen outside of China. This may be because the city has focused on infrastructure investment rather than the direct targeting of major corporations with financial incentives for economic development. Nevertheless, Dongguan has been identified by high level representatives of the [[National Development and Reform Commission]] of the central government as one of the most significant growth regions for technology in the coming years. As part of this plan, the Dongguan local government announced a plan to create and support a 100-billion-yuan photovoltaic manufacturing industry by 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thechinaperspective.com/articles/chinamarketpulseaviationpremiumincometourismlabormarket8088/index.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130203225911/http://www.thechinaperspective.com/articles/chinamarketpulseaviationpremiumincometourismlabormarket8088/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-02-03 |title=China Market Pulse |publisher=The China Perspective |date=2011-01-12 }}</ref>

To cope with the impact of the financial crisis, Dongguan city is looking to industrial restructuring, focusing on ''four pillar platforms'', these are governmental services, supporting measures, technology upgrade, and market expansion. The city government claims that this process has already enhanced its capability for independent innovation and the quantity of patent applications in 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://epaper.timedg.com/html/2008-07/22/content_180021.htm |title=Change with innovation for Dongguan city |publisher=Dongguan daily digital newspaper |date=2008-07-22 |access-date=2009-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717055830/http://epaper.timedg.com/html/2008-07/22/content_180021.htm |archive-date=2011-07-17 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://nextinsight.net/index.php/story-archive-mainmenu-60/32-2008/482-anwell-chinese-premier-pays-a-visit |title=Chinese premier pays a visit |publisher=NextInsight |date=2008-07-22 |access-date=2010-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723221103/http://nextinsight.net/index.php/story-archive-mainmenu-60/32-2008/482-anwell-chinese-premier-pays-a-visit |archive-date=2011-07-23 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 9 February 2014 [[China Central Television]] aired a special on the sex industry in Dongguan. The same day Guangdong Provincial Police raided and closed all saunas, bars, foot massages, karaokes, and other businesses associated with the sex industry. The economic impact of this crackdown is believed to be 50 billion yuan, or just over $8 billion US dollars. The residual effects of the crackdown affected the livelihood of taxi drivers and restaurants who, while not directly involved in the sex industry, benefited from the increased clientele.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1426442/dongguan-will-suffer-50b-yuan-loss-prostitution-crackdown-analysts|title=Prostitution clampdown on Dongguan may knock 50 billion yuan off its economy|date=12 February 2014|work=South China Morning Post|access-date=25 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150602061308/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1426442/dongguan-will-suffer-50b-yuan-loss-prostitution-crackdown-analysts|archive-date=2 June 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nylander |first=Johan |date=2015-05-26 |title=Sex trade goes underground in China's 'sin city' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/05/25/asia/china-sin-city/index.html |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

The city ranked 13th in Forbes China's listing of the most innovative mainland cities, as well as 18th in ''[[Foreign Policy (magazine)|Foreign Policy]]'s'' listing of the most dynamic cities in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/08/07/the-most-dynamic-cities-of-2025/|title=The Most Dynamic Cities of 2025|last=Parks|first=Cara|website=Foreign Policy|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190612084527/https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/08/07/the-most-dynamic-cities-of-2025/|archive-date=2019-06-12|url-status=live}}</ref>

== History ==

The earliest traces of human habitation in the area stretch back 5,000 years. In 1839, at the outset of the [[First Opium War]], large quantities of [[Destruction of opium at Humen|seized opium were destroyed]] in [[Humen Town|Humen]], a town that now belongs to Dongguan. Several of the major battles of the war were fought in this area.{{citation needed||date=December 2023}}

During the [[World War II|Second World War]], the city served as the base for guerrilla resistance against the occupation that came with the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]].<ref>[http://english.dg.gov.cn/HISTORY.htm Dongguan - History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223060214/http://english.dg.gov.cn/HISTORY.htm |date=2011-12-23 }}, Dongguan Government</ref>

Being a district of the Huiyang prefecture before, as its economy overshadowed the prefectural capital of [[Huizhou]] itself, Dongguan earned city status in 1985, and was upgraded to prefecture city status three years later.<ref name="Vogel1990">{{cite book|first=Ezra F.|last=Vogel|title=One Step Ahead in China: Guangdong Under Reform|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NU2NLLjO1fUC&pg=PA225|date=October 1990|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-63911-9|pages=225–}}</ref> During this period the city changed its focus from an agricultural town into a manufacturing hub, with an average annual growth of up to 18 percent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsgd.com/specials/TouchChina/content/2008-01/29/content_4317495_2.htm|title=Huizhou City, Dongguan City- China - Guangdong|access-date=25 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526002911/http://www.newsgd.com/specials/TouchChina/content/2008-01/29/content_4317495_2.htm|archive-date=26 May 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Geography ==
Geographically, the city is mostly hilly to the east and flat in the west,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dongguan Government |first1= |title=natural geography |url=http://www.dg.gov.cn/zjdz/dzgk/zrdl/content/post_2824920.html | publisher=Dongguan Government}}</ref> with {{convert|115.98|km|sp=us}} of shoreline. The urban center of Dongguan is {{convert|50|km|sp=us}} from that of [[Guangzhou]] to its north, {{convert|90|km|sp=us}} from [[Shenzhen]] to its south, {{convert|47|nmi|km}} from [[Hong Kong]] and {{convert|48|nmi|km}} from [[Macau]] by waterway. It is positioned in the middle of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen economic corridor, a hub for both land and sea transport.

Of Dongguan's total area, 27 percent is water, 25 percent forest land, and 13 percent arable land, while 35 percent of its land area has been fully developed.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}}
[[Image:Dongguan Guanyinshan.jpg|thumb|center|720px|[[Guan Yin]] Shan (Kuan Yin Mountain) in Dongguan]]
[[Image:东莞市, 中国 Jul 18, 2019 15-41-45.jpeg|thumb|center|720px|Skyscrapers in Dongguan]]

== Climate ==
Dongguan has a dry-winter [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: '''Cwa'''), with abundant rainfall over the year. It lies just south of the [[Tropic of Cancer]]. The average temperature is {{convert|22.9|C|F}} throughout the year with average rainfall of {{convert|1893|mm|in|sp=us}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101281601.shtml? |script-title=zh:东莞城市介绍 |publisher=Weather China |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223025315/http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101281601.shtml |archive-date=2014-02-23 |url-status=live }}</ref> With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 23 percent in March to 57 percent in October, the city receives 1892 hours of bright sunshine annually.

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| collapsed = Y
| location = Dongguan (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
| Jan high C = 19.1
| Feb high C = 20.4
| Mar high C = 22.9
| Apr high C = 26.6
| May high C = 30.0
| Jun high C = 31.7
| Jul high C = 32.9
| Aug high C = 32.9
| Sep high C = 31.9
| Oct high C = 29.3
| Nov high C = 25.4
| Dec high C = 20.8
| Jan mean C = 14.8
| Feb mean C = 16.3
| Mar mean C = 19.0
| Apr mean C = 22.8
| May mean C = 26.1
| Jun mean C = 28.0
| Jul mean C = 28.8
| Aug mean C = 28.7
| Sep mean C = 27.8
| Oct mean C = 25.2
| Nov mean C = 21.1
| Dec mean C = 16.4
| Jan low C = 11.9
| Feb low C = 13.5
| Mar low C = 16.3
| Apr low C = 20.2
| May low C = 23.4
| Jun low C = 25.4
| Jul low C = 26.0
| Aug low C = 25.8
| Sep low C = 24.8
| Oct low C = 22.0
| Nov low C = 17.9
| Dec low C = 13.3
| Jan record high C = 28.4
| Jan record low C = 0.4
| Feb record high C = 29.4
| Feb record low C = -0.5
| Mar record high C = 32.7
| Mar record low C = 3.0
| Apr record high C = 34.0
| Apr record low C = 8.2
| May record high C = 35.4
| May record low C = 15.3
| Jun record high C = 38.0
| Jun record low C = 18.3
| Jul record high C = 38.9
| Jul record low C = 20.6
| Aug record high C = 37.8
| Aug record low C = 21.0
| Sep record high C = 37.9
| Sep record low C = 14.8
| Oct record high C = 35.0
| Oct record low C = 8.0
| Nov record high C = 33.6
| Nov record low C = 4.5
| Dec record high C = 30.0
| Dec record low C = 0.9
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 46.6
| Feb precipitation mm = 51.1
| Mar precipitation mm = 90.3
| Apr precipitation mm = 194.8
| May precipitation mm = 295.9
| Jun precipitation mm = 375.8
| Jul precipitation mm = 232.8
| Aug precipitation mm = 293.7
| Sep precipitation mm = 184.5
| Oct precipitation mm = 55.3
| Nov precipitation mm = 36.1
| Dec precipitation mm = 36.5
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 6.9
| Feb precipitation days = 9.7
| Mar precipitation days = 12.7
| Apr precipitation days = 14.4
| May precipitation days = 16.0
| Jun precipitation days = 18.7
| Jul precipitation days = 17.4
| Aug precipitation days = 17.6
| Sep precipitation days = 12.8
| Oct precipitation days = 5.7
| Nov precipitation days = 5.1
| Dec precipitation days = 5.7
| year precipitation days = 
| Jan humidity = 69
| Feb humidity = 74
| Mar humidity = 78
| Apr humidity = 80
| May humidity = 80
| Jun humidity = 82
| Jul humidity = 79
| Aug humidity = 80
| Sep humidity = 75
| Oct humidity = 68
| Nov humidity = 67
| Dec humidity = 65
| Jan sun = 134.5
| Feb sun = 99.9
| Mar sun = 87.1
| Apr sun = 106.6
| May sun = 149.3
| Jun sun = 169.7
| Jul sun = 218.0
| Aug sun = 192.4
| Sep sun = 188.5
| Oct sun = 203.1
| Nov sun = 178.8
| Dec sun = 164.0
| year sun = 
| Jan percentsun = 40
| Feb percentsun = 31
| Mar percentsun = 23
| Apr percentsun = 28
| May percentsun = 36
| Jun percentsun = 42
| Jul percentsun = 53
| Aug percentsun = 48
| Sep percentsun = 52
| Oct percentsun = 57
| Nov percentsun = 54
| Dec percentsun = 49
| year percentsun = 
| source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=21 September 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =21 September 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref>all-time extreme temperature<ref name = Mherrera>{{cite web
|url= http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm
|title= Extreme Temperatures Around the World
|access-date= 2024-09-28
}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=http://gd.cma.gov.cn/dgsqxj_2805/qxfw_2856/qxkp_2860/fzbd_2861/201808/t20180829_72517.html |script-title=zh:气候要素之气温|publisher=广东省气象局 and 东莞市气象局 |language = zh-hans | access-date=28 September 2024}}</ref>
| source = 
}}

==Demographics==
Dongguan had an estimated 6,949,800 inhabitants at the end of 2008, among whom 1,748,700 were local residents and 5,201,100 permanent migrants from other parts of the country.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://english.dg.gov.cn/POPULATION.htm |title=DongGuan - Population |access-date=2013-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111022025853/http://english.dg.gov.cn/POPULATION.htm |archive-date=2011-10-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref> At the 2010 Census the population had expanded to 8,220,237.<ref name="pop8.22m">{{Cite web |url=http://old.dongguantoday.com/newsc.asp?id=10332 |title=Donguan's population approaches 8.22 million |date=27 May 2011 |website=Dongguan Today |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231001825/http://old.dongguantoday.com/newsc.asp?id=10332 |archive-date=31 December 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The number reached 10.5 million by 2020.<ref name="citypopulation.de" />

Dongguan is the hometown for many [[overseas Chinese]], the family origin of over 700,000 people in Hong Kong, [[Taiwan]] and Macau and over 200,000 Chinese nationals living abroad.

==Administration==
Dongguan is a [[prefecture-level city]] of the [[Guangdong]] [[Provinces of China|province]]. An uncommon administrative feature is that it has no [[County (People's Republic of China)|county-level]] division, but the municipal government does group the 32 township-level divisions into six district areas. The city government directly administers four [[Subdistricts of the People's Republic of China|Subdistricts]] and 28 [[Town of China|towns]]:

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%;"
!colspan="9"| Map
|-
|colspan="9"| <div style="position: relative font-size:70%" class="center">
{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Dongguan.png|width=450|link=}} 
{{Image label|x=245|y=110|scale=450/750|text=[[Guancheng District, Dongguan|'''1''']]}}
{{Image label|x=245|y=090|scale=450/750|text=[[Dongcheng District, Dongguan|'''Dongcheng''']]}}
{{Image label|x=170|y=180|scale=450/750|text=[[Nancheng District|'''Nancheng''']]}}
{{Image label|x=140|y=110|scale=450/750|text=[[Wanjiang District|'''Wanjiang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=355|y=040|scale=450/750|text=[[Shilong, Dongguan|'''2''']]}}
{{Image label|x=200|y=040|scale=450/750|text=[[Gaobu, Dongguan|'''Gaobu''']]}}
{{Image label|x=120|y=010|scale=450/750|text=[[Zhongtang, Guangdong|'''Zhongtang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=001|y=110|scale=450/750|text=[[Machong, Dongguan|'''Machong''']]}}
{{Image label|x=120|y=110|scale=450/750|text=[[Wangniudun Town|'''3''']]}}
{{Image label|x=050|y=180|scale=450/750|text=[[Hongmei, Guangdong|'''Hongmei''']]}}
{{Image label|x=275|y=030|scale=450/750|text=[[Shijie, Guangdong|'''Shijie''']]}}
{{Image label|x=115|y=150|scale=450/750|text=[[Daojiao, Dongguan|'''Daojiao''']]}}
{{Image label|x=060|y=300|scale=450/750|text=[[Shatian, Dongguan|'''Shatian''']]}}
{{Image label|x=160|y=260|scale=450/750|text='''[[Houjie]]'''}}
{{Image label|x=160|y=360|scale=450/750|text=[[Humen Town|'''Humen''']]}}
{{Image label|x=220|y=400|scale=450/750|text=[[Chang'an, Dongguan|'''Chang'an''']]}}
{{Image label|x=260|y=250|scale=450/750|text='''[[Dalingshan]]'''}}
{{Image label|x=400|y=260|scale=450/750|text=[[Dalang, Dongguan|'''Dalang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=445|y=305|scale=450/750|text=[[Huangjiang, Dongguan|'''Huangjiang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=340|y=160|scale=450/750|text='''[[Liaobu]]'''}}
{{Image label|x=630|y=470|scale=450/750|text=[[Fenggang, Dongguan|'''Fenggang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=530|y=400|scale=450/750|text=[[Tangxia, Dongguan|'''Tangxia''']]}}
{{Image label|x=650|y=340|scale=450/750|text=[[Qingxi, Dongguan|'''Qingxi''']]}}
{{Image label|x=555|y=260|scale=450/750|text='''[[Zhangmutou]]'''}}
{{Image label|x=620|y=200|scale=450/750|text='''[[Xiegang]]'''}}
{{Image label|x=470|y=200|scale=450/750|text=[[Changping, Guangdong|'''Changping''']]}}
{{Image label|x=550|y=140|scale=450/750|text=[[Qiaotou, Dongguan|'''Qiaotou''']]}}
{{Image label|x=520|y=080|scale=450/750|text=[[Qishi, Dongguan|'''Qishi''']]}}
{{Image label|x=450|y=130|scale=450/750|text=[[Hengli, Dongguan|'''Hengli''']]}}
{{Image label|x=430|y=160|scale=450/750|text=[[Dongkeng|'''4''']]}}
{{Image label|x=335|y=070|scale=450/750|text=[[Chashan Town|'''Chashan''']]}}
{{Image label|x=410|y=050|scale=450/750|text=[[Shipai, Dongguan|'''Shipai''']]}}
{{Image label|x=010|y=480|scale=450/750|text=[[Guancheng District, Dongguan|'''1. Guancheng''']]}}
{{Image label|x=010|y=500|scale=450/750|text=[[Shilong, Dongguan|'''2. Shilong''']]}}
{{Image label|x=010|y=520|scale=450/750|text=[[Wangniudun Town|'''3. Wangniudun''']]}}
{{Image label|x=010|y=540|scale=450/750|text=[[Dongkeng|'''4. Dongkeng''']]}}
{{Image label end}}
</div>
|-
! Name
! Simplified Chinese
! Hanyu Pinyin
! Population<br />{{nowrap|(2010 census)}}
! Area<br />(km<sup>2</sup>)
! Density<br />(/km<sup>2</sup>)
! scope="col" | [[Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China|Division code]]<ref name="中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码">{{cite web |language=zh-hans |url=http://files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码 |publisher=[[Ministry of Civil Affairs]] |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113603/http://files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html |archive-date=2015-04-02 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! scope="col" width="45" | [[Residential community|Residential communities]]
! scope="col" width="45" | [[Villages of the People's Republic of China|Administrative villages]]
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
| '''[[Chengqu Area, Dongguan|Chengqu Area]]''' || {{lang|zh-hans|城区片区}} || '''Chéngqū Piànqū''' || '''1,653,407''' || '''299.0''' || '''5529.78''' ||align="center| — ||colspan="2" align="center| '''4 subdistricts, 2 towns'''
|-
| [[Dongcheng Subdistrict, Dongguan|Dongcheng Subdistrict]] || {{lang|zh-hans|东城街道}} || Dōngchéng Jiēdào || 492,875 || 110.0 || 4,480.68
! 441900003
|align="center"| 23 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Nancheng Subdistrict, Dongguan|Nancheng Subdistrict]] || {{lang|zh|南城街道}} || Nánchéng Jiēdào || 289,255 || 59.0 || 4,902.62
! 441900004
|align="center"| 18 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Wanjiang Subdistrict]] || {{lang|zh-hans|万江街道}} || Wànjiāng Jiēdào || 244,765 || 50.5 || 4,846.83
! 441900005
|align="center"| 28 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Guancheng Subdistrict]] || {{lang|zh|莞城街道}} || Guǎnchéng Jiēdào || 162,116 || 13.5 || 12,008.59
! 441900006
|align="center"| 8 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Shijie, Guangdong|Shijie]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|石碣镇}} || Shíjié Zhèn || 246,960 || 36.0 || 6,860.00
! 441900101
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 14
|-
| [[Gaobu, Dongguan|Gaobu]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|高埗镇}} || Gāobù Zhèn || 217,436 || 30.0 || 7,247.86
! 441900129
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 18
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
| '''[[Songshanhu Area]]''' || {{lang|zh-hans|松山湖片区}} || '''Sōngshānhú Piànqū''' || '''1,467,455''' || '''433.8''' || '''3382.79''' ||align="center| — ||colspan="2" align="center| '''6 towns'''
|-
| [[Shilong, Dongguan|Shilong]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|石龙镇}} || Shílóng Zhèn || 141,850 || 11.3 || 12,553.09
! 441900102
|align="center"| 3 ||align="center"| 7
|-
| [[Chashan]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|茶山镇}} || Cháshān Zhèn || 156,522 || 51.0 || 3,069.05
! 441900103
|align="center"| 2 ||align="center"| 16
|-
| [[Shipai, Dongguan|Shipai]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|石排镇}} || Shípái Zhèn || 160,202 || 56.0 || 2,860.75
! 441900104
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 18
|-
| [[Liaobu]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|寮步镇}} || Liáobù Zhèn || 418,578 || 87.5 || 4783.74
! 441900111
|align="center"| 10 ||align="center"| 20
|-
| [[Dalang, Dongguan|Dalang]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|大朗镇}} || Dàlǎng Zhèn || 310,889 || 118.0 || 2,634.65
! 441900113
|align="center"| 12 ||align="center"| 16
|-
| [[Dalingshan]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|大岭山镇}} || Dàlǐngshān Zhèn || 279,414 || 110.0 || 2,540.12
! 441900118
|align="center"| 3 ||align="center"| 21
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
| '''[[Dongbu Chanyeyuan Area|Dongbu Area]]''' || {{lang|zh-hans|东部片区}} || '''Dōngbù Piànqū''' || '''1,349,280''' || '''493.5''' || '''2734.10''' ||align="center| — ||colspan="2" align="center| '''7 towns'''
|-
| [[Qishi, Dongguan|Qishi]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|企石镇}} || Qǐshí Zhèn || 121,693 || 51.0 || 2,386.13
! 441900105
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 19
|-
| [[Hengli, Dongguan|Hengli]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|横沥镇}} || Hénglì Zhèn || 204,830 || 50.0 || 4,096.60
! 441900106
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 16
|-
| [[Qiaotou, Dongguan|Qiaotou]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|桥头镇}} || Qiáotóu Zhèn || 166,774 || 56.0 || 2,978.10
! 441900107
|align="center"| 6 ||align="center"| 11
|-
| [[Xiegang]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|谢岗镇}} || Xiègǎng Zhèn || 99,387 || 103.0 || 964.92
! 441900108
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 11
|-
| [[Dongkeng]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|东坑镇}} || Dōngkēng Zhèn || 138,819 || 27.5 || 5,047.96
! 441900109
|align="center"| 2 ||align="center"| 14
|-
| [[Changping, Guangdong|Changping]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|常平镇}} || Chángpíng Zhèn || 386,378 || 108.0 || 3,577.57
! 441900110
|align="center"| 2 ||align="center"| 31
|-
| [[Huangjiang, Dongguan|Huangjiang]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|黄江镇}} || Huángjiāng Zhèn || 231,399 || 98.0 || 2,361.21
! 441900114
|align="center"| 7 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
| '''[[Dongnan Linshen Area|Dongnan Area]]''' || {{lang|zh-hans|东南片区}} ||''' Dōngnán Piànqū''' || '''1,246,493''' || '''472.3''' || '''2639.19''' ||align="center| — ||colspan="2" align="center| '''4 towns'''
|-
| [[Zhangmutou]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|樟木头镇}} || Zhāngmùtou Zhèn || 132,816 || 118.8 || 1,117.97
! 441900112
|align="center"| 10 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Qingxi, Dongguan|Qingxi]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|清溪镇}} || Qīngxī Zhèn || 312,639 || 143.0 || 2,186.28
! 441900115
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 20
|-
| [[Tangxia, Dongguan|Tangxia]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|塘厦镇}} || Tángxià Zhèn || 482,067 || 128.0 || 3,766.14
! 441900116
|align="center"| 23 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Fenggang, Dongguan|Fenggang]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|凤岗镇}} || Fènggǎng Zhèn || 318,971 || 82.5 || 3,866.31
! 441900117
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 11
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
| '''[[Binhai Area, Dongguan|Binhai Area]]''' || {{lang|zh-hans|滨海片区}} || '''Bīnhǎi Piànqū''' || '''1,918,652''' || '''509.3''' || '''3767.23''' ||align="center| — ||colspan="2" align="center| '''4 towns'''
|-
| [[Chang'an, Dongguan|Chang'an]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|长安镇}} || Cháng'ān Zhèn || 664,230 || 97.8 || 6,791.71
! 441900119
|align="center"| 13 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Humen Town|Humen]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|虎门镇}} || Hǔmén Zhèn || 638,657 || 178.5 || 3,577.91
! 441900121
|align="center"| 31 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Houjie]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|厚街镇}} || Hòujiē Zhèn || 438,283 || 126.0 || 3,478.43
! 441900122
|align="center"| 24 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|-
| [[Shatian, Dongguan|Shatian]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|沙田镇}} || Shātián Zhèn || 177,482 || 107.0 || 1,658.71
! 441900123
|align="center"| 2 ||align="center"| 16
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
| '''[[Shuixiang Xincheng Area|Shuixiang Area]]''' || {{lang|zh-hans|水乡片区}} || '''Shuǐxiāng Piànqū''' || '''543,632''' || '''261.5''' || '''2078.89''' ||align="center| — ||colspan="2" align="center| '''5 towns'''
|-
| [[Daojiao, Dongguan|Daojiao]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|道滘镇}} || Dàojiào Zhèn || 143,107 || 63.0 || 2,271.53
! 441900124
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 13
|-
| [[Hongmei, Guangdong|Hongmei]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|洪梅镇}} || Hóngméi Zhèn || 58,114 || 33.0 || 1,761.03
! 441900125
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 9
|-
| [[Machong, Dongguan|Machong]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|麻涌镇}} || Máchǒng Zhèn || 118,062 || 74.0 || 1,595.43
! 441900126
|align="center"| 2 ||align="center"| 13
|-
| [[Wangniudun]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|望牛墩镇}} || Wàngniúdūn Zhèn || 84,786 || 31.5 || 2,685.65
! 441900127
|align="center"| 1 ||align="center"| 21
|-
| [[Zhongtang, Guangdong|Zhongtang]] town || {{lang|zh-hans|中堂镇}} || Zhōngtáng Zhèn || 139,563 || 60.0 || 2,326.05
! 441900128
|align="center"| 5 ||align="center"| 15
|-
|colspan="6"| ''Special Jurisdictions''
! 441900400
|align="center"| 3 ||align="center" bgcolor="grey"| 
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; font-size:smaller; text-align:center"
! colspan="12" |'''Administrative divisions of Dongguan'''
|-
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | [[Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China|Division code]]<ref name="中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码"/>
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | English name
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | [[Simplified Chinese|Chinese]]
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | [[Pinyin]]
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Area in km<sup>2</sup>
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Population 2010<ref>{{cite book| author1=Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China| author2=Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China |script-title=zh:中国2010年人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料 |date=2012|publisher=[[:zh:中国统计出版社|China Statistics Print]] |location=Beijing|isbn=978-7-5037-6660-2|edition=1}}<!--|access-date=17 November 2015--></ref>
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Seat
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Postal code
!! scope="col" colspan=5 | Divisions<ref>{{cite book |language=zh-hans |author=Ministry of Civil Affairs |script-title=zh:《中国民政统计年鉴2014》|date=August 2014 |publisher=China Statistics Press |isbn= 978-7-5037-7130-9}}</ref>
|-
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Subdistrict (China)|Subdistricts]]
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Town (China)|Towns]]
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Residential community|Residential communities]]
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Villages of the People's Republic of China|Administrative villages]]
|- style="font-weight: bold"
! 441900 !! Dongguan City 
| {{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|东莞市}}}}
|| Dōngguǎn Shì || 2,465.00 || 8,220,207 || ''City-administered District'' || 523000 || 4 || 28 || 248 || 350
|-
! 441900 !! ''City-administered District''
|{{lang|zh-hans|市辖区}}|| Shìxiáqū || 2,465.00 || 8,220,207 || [[Nancheng Subdistrict, Dongguan|Nancheng Subdistrict]] || 523000 || 4 || 28 || 248 || 350
|}

==Transport==
[[Image:11582-Humen (49067614523).jpg|thumb|[[Humen Pearl River Bridge]]]]
[[File:Dongguan Rail Transit Line 2 (27402670284).jpg|thumb|Dongguan Rail Transit Line 2]]

===Air===
Dongguan is served by [[Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport]], [[Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport]], but primarily{{citation needed|date=July 2019}} by [[Hong Kong International Airport]]; ticketed passengers to HKIA can take ferries from the [[Humen Ferry Terminal]] in [[Humen Town|Humen]] to the HKIA [[Skypier]].<ref>"[https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/ferry-transfer.page Ferry Transfer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508152345/https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/ferry-transfer.page |date=2018-05-08 }}." [[Hong Kong International Airport]]. Retrieved on May 8, 2018.</ref> There are also coach bus services connecting Dongguan with HKIA.<ref>"[https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/mainland-coaches/index.page Mainland Coaches] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508154704/https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/mainland-coaches/index.page |date=2018-05-08 }}." [[Hong Kong International Airport]]. Retrieved on May 8, 2018.</ref>

===Road===
Many foreign travellers to Dongguan fly into Hong Kong, which gives [http://www.immd.gov.hk/ehtml/hkvisas_4.htm visas on arrival] to citizens of over 170 countries. After landing, visitors must apply for a visa to enter [[mainland China]].{{citation needed|date=May 2018}} One can travel from Hong Kong to Dongguan by [https://web.archive.org/web/20130521132545/http://168zght.com/ticket bus], ferry, or [http://www.it3.mtr.com.hk/B2C/frmIndex.asp?strLang=Eng train]. Passengers travelling overland must disembark from their transport at the Hong Kong/China border to go through customs and immigration, except for those traveling on the [[Mass Transit Railway]] intercity services (former [[Kowloon–Canton Railway]]) from [[Hung Hom station]] to Dongguan, Guangzhou and beyond.

People can also choose to drive between Hong Kong and Dongguan. With the permitted business license plate and driver license, people can drive through the customs located at Shenzhen so that to get to Hong Kong. Normally, it takes three hours for driving. In 2018, [[G4 Beijing–Hong Kong and Macau Expressway|G4 Expressway (Beijing - Hong Kong and Macau Expressway)]] was opened, and Dongguan is one of the cities that G4 Expressway approaches. This benefits people from Dongguan to travel to those cities on G4 Expressway.

The [[Humen Pearl River Bridge]] is a suspension bridge over the [[Pearl River (China)|Pearl River]]. Completed in 1997, it has a main span of {{convert|888|m|sp=us}}. Construction work on the Second Humen Pearl River Bridge will start in early 2014.

===Rail===
Dongguan serves as one of the regional railway hubs in [[Guangdong]], where the [[Guangzhou–Kowloon railway]], [[Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou railway]] and the [[Beijing–Kowloon railway]] converge. Rail services in and out of the city call at [[Dongguan railway station (Guangdong)|Dongguan railway station]] where there are direct train services to [[Guangzhou East railway station]] in Guangzhou; and [[Hung Hom station|Hung Hom railway station]] in Hong Kong. High-speed rail services are also available at [[Humen railway station]].

Among the four metro lines (Line 1-Line 4) planned for the [[Dongguan Rail Transit]], [[Line 2 (Dongguan Rail Transit)|Line 2]] was scheduled to open for operations in early 2015. This was delayed and opened in May 2016. Line 2 will link towns in Western Dongguan, thereby promoting the connection of the entire downtown area with Houjie, Humen and Chang'an. It will also support Dongguan's regional transportation with other cities such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hong Kong by joining with the rail transit junctions of the Pearl River Delta.<ref>[http://www.dongguantoday.com/news/dongguan/201205/t20120531_1587657.shtml Dongguan Railway Line R2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324094052/http://www.dongguantoday.com/news/dongguan/201205/t20120531_1587657.shtml |date=2014-03-24 }}, Dongguantoday</ref>

==Sports and culture==
[[File:DongguanBasketball.jpg|thumb|Basketball street art in Dongguan]]
Dongguan is dubbed as a "National Basketball City" and is the only prefecture-level city with three professional basketball clubs in China. Established in 1993, the [[Guangdong Southern Tigers]] are the first professional basketball club in China, and won eleven [[Chinese Basketball Association]] (CBA) championships.

The city hosted [[Olympic weightlifting|Weightlifting]] events during the [[2010 Asian Games]] at the [[Dongguan Arena]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Guangzhou Asian Games Venues and Transportation|url=https://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/guangdong/guangzhou/asian-games-venues.htm|access-date=2019-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419215821/https://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/guangdong/guangzhou/asian-games-venues.htm|archive-date=2019-04-19|url-status=live}}</ref>

The 16,000 seat [[Dongguan Basketball Center]] was one of the venues for the [[2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup]].<ref>[https://www.fiba.basketball/basketballworldcup/2019 The Official website of the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722121322/http://www.fiba.basketball/basketballworldcup/2019 |date=2017-07-22 }}, FIBA.com, Retrieved 9 March 2016.</ref> The venue has also hosted the [[2015 Sudirman Cup]] badminton tournament.<ref>{{cite news|title=Badminton: Jakarta to stage 2015 BWF Worlds; Dongguan to host Sudirman Cup|url=http://sport-asia.com/badminton-jakarta-to-host-2015-bwf-worlds-dongguan-to-stage-sudirman-cup/|access-date=29 April 2016|work=SportAsia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601035116/http://sport-asia.com/badminton-jakarta-to-host-2015-bwf-worlds-dongguan-to-stage-sudirman-cup/|archive-date=1 June 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

Dongguan Yulan Theater is one of China's newest multipurpose performing arts venues. With its multi-layered exterior suggestive of an unfolding lotus petal, it has become a landmark in Dongguan city. The new cultural hub houses two theaters presenting a full schedule of performances, including [[Romeo and Juliet]] and the Chinese classic [[Butterfly Lovers]]. So far Dongguan has produced seven original musicals by its own and made a roadshow of 60 performances in over 30 cities of China.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://culture.sun0769.com/daguan/news/201311/t20131119_3054997.shtml |title=莞产音乐剧 第七部了！_文化频道_东莞阳光网 |website=culture.sun0769.com |access-date=27 January 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131119072544/http://culture.sun0769.com/daguan/news/201311/t20131119_3054997.shtml |archive-date=19 November 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}

==Social issues==
The city and province have been the recent focus of press and journalist attention with coverage of the many young Chinese workers, principally females (so-called ''[[Leslie T. Chang#Factory Girls|factory girls]]''), from agricultural areas who work in the area's factories and manufacturing/assembly facilities, where many are housed in large dormitories, usually several to a room.<ref>Chang, Leslie T., ''Factory Girls: From Village to City In A Changing China'', New York: Random House (2008), {{ISBN|978-0-385-52017-1}}</ref>

An article in the ''High Tech Misery in China'' series reports research conducted, over 2008 to 2009, on working conditions at one of the city's major keyboard makers (Dongguan Meitai Plastics & Electronics Factory); in it, Meitai factory won some unwanted attention due to the poor conditions for its young, mostly female workers. The article<ref>''The Dehumanization of Young Workers Producing Our Computer Keyboards'', New York: The National Labor Committee<br />http://www.nlcnet.org/admin/media/document/China/2009_meitai/HIGHTECH_MISERY_CHINA_WEB.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225091038/http://www.nlcnet.org/admin/media/document/China/2009_meitai/HIGHTECH_MISERY_CHINA_WEB.pdf |date=2009-02-25 }} <br />http://wen.org.cn/xu/HIGHTECH_MISERY_CHINA_WEB.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707050947/http://wen.org.cn/xu/HIGHTECH_MISERY_CHINA_WEB.pdf |date=2011-07-07 }} (Feb 2009, pp 63)</ref> includes details of those conditions, photos, translations of employer's rules and evidence that well-known computer brands use this keyboard supplier's products.

Also, Dongguan has built a notoriety within China for its various types of brothels, massage parlors, nightclubs, sauna centers and karaoke bars. The city had more than 120 top-end luxury hotels and hundreds of other mid-range places that offer illegal sexual services or lease floors to sex operators, and many parts of the broader service sector benefit from the trade brought by visitors.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sex trade goes underground in China's 'sin city' |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/05/25/asia/china-sin-city/index.html#:~:text=In%20February%202014%2C%20the%20government,down%2C%20according%20to%20state%20media. |access-date=6 July 2020 |work=CNN}}</ref> Although much of the business is illegal, police operations to limit these activities were for a long time largely ineffective, in part because corrupt members of the local administration and other officials have business interests in the sector.<ref name=SCMP09>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmp.com/article/699410/crackdown-fails-scare-dongguans-sex-trade-veterans|title=Crackdown fails to scare Dongguan's sex-trade veterans|work=South China Morning Post|date=26 November 2009 |access-date=25 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150602062821/http://www.scmp.com/article/699410/crackdown-fails-scare-dongguans-sex-trade-veterans|archive-date=2 June 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://www.scmp.com/article/699448/party-chief-vows-crack-down-excessive-measures-will-be-avoided Party chief vows to crack down but excessive measures will be avoided] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230233518/http://www.scmp.com/article/699448/party-chief-vows-crack-down-excessive-measures-will-be-avoided |date=2013-12-30 }}, SCMP, 26 Nov 2009</ref> On 9{{nbsp}}February 2014, CCTV aired a report about prostitution in Dongguan. In reaction, on the same day, Dongguan police launched a crackdown on brothels, massage parlors, nightclubs, sauna centres and karaoke bars, leading to some commentary that the city's days as China's sex capital were numbered.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://legal.people.com.cn/n/2014/0210/c42510-24306849.html|script-title=zh:东莞6525名警力查涉黄场所 涉事派出所长全停职|access-date=25 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402133553/http://legal.people.com.cn/n/2014/0210/c42510-24306849.html|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dongguan sex trade boom fuelled by exports slump |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1426569/dongguan-police-and-officials-face-punishment-if-prostitution-re-emerges |access-date=6 July 2020 |work=South China Morning Post |date=12 February 2014 |language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
The city is home to 650 educational institutions: one general college, a TV University as well as technical and vocational schools, 550 primary schools and 480 kindergartens. Also, Dongguan is home to a wide range of international schools due to the large expat community.

The number of professional teachers, including those at kindergartens, totals 20,268. A comparatively integrated educational system has been set up including preschool, basic, vocational, higher and lifelong adult education. Senior high school education has developed since 1995.

The [[Dongguan University of Technology]] is located in Dongguan.{{Further|Dongguan Middle School-SSL School}}

==Festivals==
Dongguan hosts the following annual festivals:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://en.hellodongguan.com/templates/culture/list.aspx?nodeid=82&pagesize=1&pagenum=8 |title=Special Festival in Dongguan - Dongguan, where vibrance blossoms everyday! |access-date=2014-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323080734/http://en.hellodongguan.com/templates/culture/list.aspx?nodeid=82&pagesize=1&pagenum=8 |archive-date=2014-03-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

*Dongguan Lingnan Arts Festival (January)
*Dongkeng Workers Festival (Second day of the second lunar month)
*Machong Guanyin Festival (Nineteenth day of the second lunar month)
*Qingxi Flower Festival (April)
*Tea Tea Garden Festival (April)
*Qiaotou Lotus Art Festival (June)
*Qishi Qiufeng Culture Festival (August)
*Machong "Scent of Four Seasons" Cultural Art Festival (September)
*Zhangmutou Hong Kong Tourism Festival (September)
*Fenggang Hakka Art Festival (During the Lunar Mid-autumn Festival)
*Xiegang Mountain Climbing Festival (Third week of September)
*(Tangxia) Band Festival (October)
*Shatian Water Culture Festival (October to November)
*Hengli Niuxu Folk Festival (November)
*Liaobu Tourism and Cultural Festival (December)

==See also==
* [[List of twin towns and sister cities in China]]
* [[Lanwa FC]] — former [[football (soccer)|football]] club
* ''[[A Touch of Sin]]'' — a film that is partly set in Dongguan

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

*[http://info.hktdc.com/mktprof/china/chinacity-dongguan.htm Economic profile for Dongguan] at [[Hong Kong Trade Development Council|HKTDC]]

==External links==
{{Commons category|Dongguan}}
{{Wiktionary|Dongguan|Tung-kuan}}
{{wikivoyage|Dongguan}}
* [http://heredg.com/ HERE! Dongguan – Your English Guide to a Bustling City] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511020515/http://www.heredg.com/ |date=2018-05-11 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150228114309/http://www.expatacular.com/group/dongguan-expats Dongguan Expats – Expatacular! – Global Expat Community]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140226164308/http://en.hellodongguan.com/ Hello! Dongguan] A general introduction to the city of DG
*[http://www.dongguantoday.com/ www.dongguantoday.com] Government funded website, giving a full range of information about Dongguan
*[http://www.www.youtube.com/results?search_query=dongguan+live&page=1 Dongguan Live a.k.a. Don't Worry Be Happy]{{Dead link|date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} A series of videos about something fun to do in DG
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230528/http://www.dgfipc.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/tzdgen/index.htm Dongguan Foreign Investment Promotion Bureau]
* [http://www.dongguan.gov.cn/ Dongguan City Government] 
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060716233529/http://www.dgboftec.gov.cn/en/index.html Dongguan Bureau of Foreign Trade & Economic Cooperation] {{in lang|zh|en}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060941/http://iatt.cn/ IATT – International Association for Technology Trade]

{{Dongguan}}
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