Donnie Darko

Donnie Darko
File:6990 poster.jpg Donnie Darko Theatrical Poster
Directed by	Richard Kelly
Written by	Richard Kelly
Produced by	Adam Fields Nancy Juvonen Sean McKittrick
Starring	Jake Gyllenhaal Jena Malone Drew Barrymore Patrick Swayze James Duval Noah Wyle Maggie Gyllenhaal
Music by	Michael Andrews
Distributed by	Newmarket Films
Release dates	January 19, 2001 (Sundance Film Festival) October 28, 2001 (USA)
Running time	113 min., 133 min. (director's cut)
Country	USA
Language	English
Budget	$ 4.5 million

Donnie Darko is a 2001 feature film, the first by writer and director Richard Kelly. The movie is a psychological thriller/science fiction film about the bright but troubled teenager Donnie Darko, who, after narrowly escaping death, has repeating visions of an eerie 6-foot tall anthropomorphic rabbit who tells him that the world will end in 28 days, 6 hours, 42 minutes, and 12 seconds. It stars Jake Gyllenhaal as Donnie, Jena Malone, Mary McDonnell, Drew Barrymore, Patrick Swayze, Noah Wyle and Maggie Gyllenhaal.

Donnie Darko's themes include love, sacrifice, existentialism and time travel. The movie presents paradoxes never fully explained and a cryptic storyline open to multiple interpretations.

The film enjoyed widespread popularity upon its release, but is generally considered a cult classic. It currently ranks among the IMDB's Top 250.

Cast

• Jake Gyllenhaal as Donald J. "Donnie" Darko
• Holmes Osborne as Eddie Darko
• Maggie Gyllenhaal as Elizabeth Darko
• Daveigh Chase as Samantha Darko
• Mary McDonnell as Rose Darko
• James Duval as Frank
• Patrick Swayze as Jim Cunningham
• Beth Grant as Kitty Farmer
• Jena Malone as Gretchen Ross
• Noah Wyle as Kenneth Monnitoff
• Drew Barrymore as Karen Pomeroy
• Katharine Ross as Dr. Lillian Thurman
• Patience Cleveland as Roberta Sparrow (a.k.a. Grandma Death)

Plot

File:Donniedarkoskelcostume.jpg

Gyllenhaal as Donnie Darko

The film is set in 1988, in Middlesex, Virginia during the 1988 presidential election campaign. The viewer is introduced in the beginning to the Darko family, especially their emotionally troubled son, Donnie. Numerous scenes throughout the film show Donnie speaking to his therapist, to whom he relates most of the story of the film. Donnie is awoken from his sleep by a disembodied voice on the night of October 2 and led out of his house , where he is then confronted by a demonic man-sized rabbit named Frank. Frank tells him that the world will end in 28 days, 6 hours, 42 minutes and 12 seconds. Donnie wakes up the next morning on a golf course and sees 28:06:42:12 written on his arm. He returns home to discover that a jet engine has inexplicably fallen onto his house, crushing his bedroom.

The next day Donnie goes to his private school. His English class is in the middle of a discussion on Graham Greene's short story "The Destructors" when a new girl, Gretchen, walks in late and asks where she should sit. Donnie's English teacher Ms. Pomeroy provocatively instructs Gretchen to "sit next to the boy you think is the cutest." After a few moments, Gretchen eyes Donnie and the teacher tells the girl sitting next to him to move. Later in the day, Donnie attends a social-studies class where he participates in an exercise in which he is asked to assign the motivation behind a given situation to either "fear" or "love." But Donnie refuses, saying that the entire spectrum of emotions is far more complex than those two simple extremes. His teacher takes him to the headmaster after he tells her to "Shove the card forcefully into [her] anus!" (It is unknown if that is exactly what he said.) Donnie is suspended from after-school activities for six months.

That night, Frank wakes up Donnie again and tells him to flood the school. Donnie obeys, breaking the school's water main with an axe. While waiting for the school bus with his friends the next morning, Donnie hears that school has been cancelled because of the flood. Meanwhile, the police and school officials are baffled because aside from the flooding, the solid-bronze school mascot, the mongrel, has an axe stuck into its head and the phrase "they made me do it" has been scrawled on the pavement. According to detectives, the locker rooms have also been trashed and smeared with feces (which, according to a young schoolgirl talking with Donnie's sister, are baby mice). On his way home Donnie spots Gretchen being harassed by two school bullies, and she asks Donnie to walk her home. Donnie tells her he is happy that school was cancelled — for otherwise they would not have had a chance to talk — and then awkwardly asks her to "go" with him. She agrees.

Some time later, Frank asks Donnie if he believes in time travel. Donnie then questions his science teacher Dr. Monitoff about the idea, and the teacher gives him The Philosophy of Time Travel, a book written by Roberta Sparrow, the 101-year-old woman nicknamed "Grandma Death" who lives alone in a decrepit house on the edge of town and spends all her time checking her mailbox and standing in the middle of the street.

Later, Donnie finds the wallet of one Jim Cunningham on the sidewalk. Cunningham is a successful motivational speaker whose methods Donnie had loudly denounced in front of a microphone at a school assembly. Donnie and Gretchen then go on a date to a movie theater; Gretchen falls asleep in the empty theater and Frank appears. After being asked by Donnie to remove his rabbit mask, Frank reveals a human face with a bullet hole in his right eye. After asking Donnie, "Have you ever seen a portal?" — and then showing him an image of Jim Cunningham's house on the movie screen — Frank commands him to "burn it to the ground." Donnie obeys again. The arriving firemen soon discover a secret room filled with pedophilic material. As a result Ms. Kitty Farmer, the school's phys ed/social studies teacher and fervent believer in Cunningham's methods, decides to defend Cunningham. Ms. Farmer consequently asks Donnie's mother to chaperone the school dance-group (of which their daughters are members) on a trip to California to perform on Star Search. Meanwhile, Frank tells Donnie to write a letter to Grandma Death about his views on her book.

With both of their parents out of town and his older sister Elizabeth just accepted into Harvard, Donnie and his sister decide to throw a large Halloween party. During the large party, Elizabeth's human boyfriend Frank drives off to pick up more beer. After a brief romantic interlude Donnie and Gretchen leave the party and ride their bikes to the basement of Grandma Death's house to see her "cellar door" (which Donnie's English teacher Ms. Pomeroy had earlier told him was the most linguistically beautiful phrase in the English language, according to a "famous linguist"); there, they come upon the two school bullies already in the basement, presumably looking for the woman's known gem collection. A struggle ensues between Gretchen, Donnie, and the two other kids, and Gretchen is thrown out onto the road outside. The viewer then sees Roberta Sparrow standing in the middle of the same road, reading Donnie's letter, when a red Trans Am appears a short distance away. It swerves to avoid the old lady and runs over Gretchen, killing her. Two people emerge from the car—first, a kid in a clown suit, and then from the driver's seat, Frank wearing a large bunny suit and holding the rabbit mask in his hand. Donnie runs to his girlfriend and sees that she is dead. Willing to do what needs to be done to save Gretchen, Donnie shoots Frank in the eye, killing him.

Donnie then takes the dead Gretchen in his arms and drives to the hilltop where the storm is gathering strength. The plane carrying his mother and sister back from California passes through the storm at this moment and one of its engines tumbles out of the sky after being ripped off the wing; this engine is then thrust back through the open time-portal. At this point a collage of past scenes viewed in reverse suggests Donnie traveling backwards in time. In the next scene he is back in his bed on October 2, laughing. His sister comes home from her date and his mother lies down to sleep, as in the beginning of the movie. The jet engine then crashes through the roof and into Donnie's room, killing him.

Afterwards the viewer sees the main characters alive in their respective bedrooms, perhaps recollecting varying memories from the future Tangent Universe. In the last scene, the Darko family is in turn shown outside, crying, as construction crews remove the jet engine from the house and a forensic team wheels away Donnie's shrouded corpse. Gretchen rides her bike down the street and asks a neighborhood kid what happened. Gretchen tells the neighbor that she didn't know Donnie. Donnie's mother and Gretchen then exchange looks and Gretchen waves. Donnie's mother waves back.

Director's cut

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Director's Cut: USA DVD Cover

A director's cut of the movie was released on May 29th, 2004 in Seattle, Washington at the Seattle International Film Festival, and was released in New York and Los Angeles on July 23rd, 2004. This new cut includes twenty minutes of extra footage, an altered soundtrack, and most significantly excerpts from the book The Philosophy of Time Travel. The director's cut DVD, released on February 15th, 2005, included the new footage and more soundtrack changes, as well as some additional features exclusive to the two-DVD set: excerpts from the storyboard, a 52-minute production diary, "#1 fan video," a "cult following" video interviewing British fans, and the new director's cut cinematic trailer. The director's cut DVD was released as a giveaway with copies of the British Sunday Times newspaper on February 19th, 2006.

Differences

In the director's cut:

• The opening-scene song was changed from Echo and the Bunnymen's "The Killing Moon" to INXS's "Never Tear Us Apart". The INXS song was the intended original number. "The Killing Moon" later replaces "Under the Milky Way" by The Church during the party scene. "Under The Milky Way" instead plays on the radio in the car scene with Donnie and his father.
• In the original cut, when Donnie walks into the kitchen at the end of the first scene, the opening music fades and the "The Killing Moon" is playing on a radio in the kitchen. Yet this is not so for "Never Tear Us Apart" in the Director's Cut.
• Donnie follows an opaque sphere while watching the football game; the sphere does not form a finger and beckon him, as in the original.
• Donnie's psychiatrist informs him that his pills are placebos and tells him that he is an agnostic, and not an atheist as he thinks.
• The Holiday Inn scene is longer.
• Several scenes in Ms. Pomeroy's classroom are re-inserted: Donnie reading his own poetry about Frank in class, the teacher announcing the banning of Graham Greene's The Destructors and its replacement with Watership Down, and the class later watching the animated adaptation of Watership Down.
• Frank does not apologize in the theater during the The Evil Dead.
• Karen Pomeroy's firing is shorter, while the scene in which Donnie asks her about the words "cellar door" is longer and contains almost entirely different dialogue.
• Various transition scenes show chapter excerpts from Roberta Sparrow's The Philosophy of Time Travel.
• There is more of Donnie and Gretchen, including an arcade scene with Donnie playing the race-car game Outrun. In the game the car is red, as is human Frank's car.
• In a new scene Donnie's mother and father are eating dinner in a restaurant as they discuss Donnie.
• Donnie and Elizabeth are shown carving pumpkins. Donnie carves his into the shape of Frank's mask.
• The shot of Donnie's eyes bulging as his face enters the sphere at the Halloween party is completely removed.
• A montage of fireworks and shots from Outrun video game are superimposed over Donnie's final narration at the end of the film.
• The scene in which Frank first wakes Donnie is longer.
• Certain events first appear as images within Donnie's eye. The first image of Frank flashes in Donnie's pupil as Frank wakes him, the second image is that of rushing water to represent the flooding of the school, and there is a shot of fire in Donnie's eyes before Frank tells him to burn Cunningham's house down (replacing a full-screen shot of Cunningham's house on fire).

Interpretations

Director's interpretation

Director Richard Kelly does not deny personal interpretations but has expressed his own theories through the extra commentary on the two DVDs, his own (fictional) book the Philosophy of Time Travel, and in various other interviews.

According to Kelly and his Philosophy of Time Travel, at midnight on October 2 a Tangent Universe spins off the Primary Universe at the moment when Donnie is called out by Frank for the first time, immediately before the appearance of the Artifact, the errant jet engine. This has started a causal loop. The inherently unstable Tangent Universe will inevitably collapse in less than six weeks and take the Primary Universe with it if not closed off (i.e. corrected). Closing the Tangent Universe is the duty of the Living Receiver, Donnie, who wields certain supernatural powers to help him in the task.

Those who have died/will die within the Tangent Universe are the Manipulated Dead (Frank and Gretchen). They are also given certain varying powers in that they subtly understand what is happening and have the ability to contact and influence the Living Receiver via the Fourth Dimensional Construct (water). All others within the orbit of the Living Receiver are the Manipulated Living (Ms. Pomeroy, Mr. Monnitoff), subconsciously drawn to push him towards his destiny to close the Tangent Universe and, according to the Philosophy of Time Travel, die by the Artifact.

There are two "Franks" in the story: the living boyfriend of Donnie's sister Elizabeth, and the (same?) dead Frank who appears to Donnie as a premonition from the future in the disturbing rabbit suit (the second Frank is dead, or undead, for at the end of the film he is killed by Donnie). Dead Frank, as the most powerful of the Manipulated Dead is aware of Donnie's fate and destiny, and has the ability to appear to Donnie via time travel and thus guide him. Frank alone consciously understands that the world is doomed if Donnie either dies on the "first" October 2 or if he lives but cannot complete his quest, for then the paradoxical causal loop caused by the portal will tear the Primary Universe apart.

Other possibilities

Some of the backstory is explained on the official Donnie Darko website. It tells how Donnie was institutionalized before the events of the movie, and reveals the fates of some of the characters in the corrected Primary Universe after Donnie's death: Cunningham shoots himself, and Dr. Monitoff mysteriously dies in a car accident after being apparently run off the road.

The film leaves open the possibility that the entire alternate-universe sequence of events is Donnie's hallucination, fantasy, or dream. Yet in the deleted-scene commentary, Kelly states that the pills being revealed to be placebos confirms the fact that Donnie is not crazy. Kelly's commentary also leaves open the possibility that Frank may be a representative ("vessel") of God, or that the entire Tangent-Universe dilemma is in fact being caused by an advanced future society dangerously experimenting with time travel. In an ultimately deleted scene, Frank on the golf course initially tells Donnie: "God loves all his children. And God loves you."

If undead/dead Frank is a vessel of God, then human Frank and dead Frank are not the same person at all; instead God's vessel has been chosen to appear in the form of the dead Frank. With this interpretation, when dead Frank tells Donnie "I'm so sorry" in the movie theater in the original film, he may not be referring to the death of Gretchen, but rather to the fact that Donnie must give up his own life. [1] Template:Endspoiler

Production

The movie was shot in 28 days, on a budget of $4.5 million U.S. dollars. It almost went straight to DVD, but was saved by financial backing from production company Flower Films.

The story takes place in Middlesex, Virginia, but was filmed in California. The scenes at Donnie's school were filmed in part in Loyola High School, a prominent Catholic institution located in Los Angeles, California. The Aero Theatre where Donnie and Gretchen watch the double feature is an actual movie theater in Santa Monica, California.

Music

Main article: Donnie Darko (soundtrack)

Reception

Publicly screened for the first time at the Sundance Film Festival, critic Andy Bailey billed Donnie Darko as a "Sundance surprise" that "isn't spoiled by the Hollywood forces that helped birth it."

Although critically acclaimed, Donnie Darko debuted in U.S. theaters in October of 2001 to only 58 screens nationwide. The film grossed $110,494 in its opening weekend and had a total gross of $517,375 when it closed on April 11th, 2002. The release of a film involving an airline accident as the central occurence, soon after the September 11, 2001 attacks, severely limited its prospects at the box office. This may be responsible for the small number of debut screens.

Despite its initial poor showing the film has since attracted a huge cult following and devoted fan base. Donnie Darko was originally released on DVD in March 2002. During this time, the Pioneer Theatre in New York City's East Village began midnight screenings that continued for 28 consecutive months. In the United Kingdom, it sold moderately well on DVD before being reissued in a budget edition (with no director's commentary or other extras), where it reached #1 in the DVD sales chart. Soon after, composer Michael Andrews found his piano-driven cover of Tears for Fears' "Mad World" at the top of the UK music charts, sung by Gary Jules.

Strong DVD sales led Newmarket Films to release a "Directors Cut" on DVD in 2005. Newmarket President Bob Berney described Darko as "a runaway hit on DVD," citing U.S. DVD sales of more than $10 million.

Awards and nominations

2001 — Richard Kelly won with Donnie Darko for "Best Screenplay" at the Catalonian International Film Festival and at the San Diego Film Critics Society. Donnie Darko also won the "Audience Award" for Best Feature at the Sweden Fantastic Film Festival. The film was nominated for "Best Film" at the Catalonian International Film Festival and for the "Grand Jury Prize" at the Sundance Film Festival.

2002 — Donnie Darko won the "Special Award" at the Young Filmmakers Showcase at the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. The movie also won the "Silver Scream Award" at the Amsterdam Fantastic Film Festival. In 2002 Kelly was nominated for "Best First Feature" and "Best First Screenplay" with Donnie Darko, as well as Jake Gyllenhaal being nominated for "Best Male Lead" at the Independent Spirit Awards. The film was also nominated for the "Best Breakthrough Film" at the Online Film Critics Society Awards.

2003 — Jake Gyllenhaal won for "Best Actor" and Richard Kelly for "Best Original Screenplay" for Donnie Darko at the Chlotrudis Awards, where Kelly was also nominated for "Best Director" and "Best Movie."

2005 — Donnie Darko ranked in the top five on My Favourite Film, an Australian poll conducted by the ABC.

2006 — Donnie Darko ranks ninth in FilmFour's 50 Films to See Before You Die.

It also came in at number 14 on Entertainment Weekly's list of the 50 Best High School Movies.

Trivia

• The Halloween double feature that Donnie and Gretchen watch is Evil Dead and The Last Temptation of Christ.
• Kelly’s DVD commentary reveals that the man in the red jogging suit is an FAA agent monitoring the Darko family.
• Elizabeth Darko, Donnie's sister, is played by Jake Gyllenhaal's real sister Maggie Gyllenhaal.
• The classroom scene where Kitty Farmer makes the students go through Cunningham's fear/love exercise is based on a similar exercise Richard Kelly remembers from his own school days.
• Graham Greene was born on October 2, the same night on which Donnie sees Frank for the first time.
• The "famous linguist" who said cellar door were the most beautiful words in the English language was in fact J.R.R. Tolkien, though Richard Kelly in the commentary says it is Edgar Allan Poe.
• The wallpaper on the Darko's staircase (seen when Donnie is following the sphere) is in the pattern of rabbit Frank.
• The "cured" boy in the Cunning Visions tape also appears at the school assembly; he asks Cunningham "how can I learn to fight?". He is also shown throwing leaves into the fan during the "autumn angel" talent show routine.
• The "they made me do it" graffiti on the school plaza is in the same handwriting as human Frank's message on the refrigerator dry-erase board at the Halloween party: "Frank was here, went to get BEER."
• The spiral on the jet engine according to Kelly is based around the Fibonacci series of numbers (Fn= F(n-1) +F(n-2)). This series of numbers has been used to analyze theoretical rabbit mating patterns. However, it is common for jet engines to carry such markers in order for the crew to check if the turbine is spinning.

Related products

• The Donnie Darko Book (ISBN 0-571-22124-6) was released in 2003. Written by Richard Kelly and introduced by Jake Gyllenhaal, the 192-page book explained some of the details for the film.
• NECA released a six-inch (15 cm) figure of Frank the Bunny, and later, a foot-tall (30 cm) 'talking' version of the same figure.
• Gary Jules's cover of the Tears for Fears song Mad World is featured in the commercial for Gears of War, a video game for the Xbox 360 platform.

External links

• DonnieDarko.com - official film website, with the director's cut trailer
• Donnie Darko at IMDb
• Donnie Darko at Rotten Tomatoes
• Donnie Darko: The Director's Cut at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Donnie Darko FAQ
• Extensive analysis of the film by Lawrence Person
• Cellar Door: with web site guide
• German Fanpage with Wallpapers (click on Downloads)