Eduard Mörike
Eduard Mörike | |
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| Born | 8 September 1804 Ludwigsburg, Electorate of Württemberg |
| Died | 4 June 1875 (aged 70) Stuttgart, Kingdom of Württemberg |
| Occupation | Poet, writer |
| Nationality | German |
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Eduard Friedrich Mörike (8 September 1804 – 4 June 1875) was a German Romantic poet and writer of novellas and novels.
Biography
Mörike was born in Ludwigsburg. His father was Karl Friedrich Mörike (died 1817), a district medical councilor; his mother was Charlotte Bayer. After the death of his father, in 1817, he went to live with his uncle Eberhard Friedrich Georgii in Stuttgart, who intended his nephew to become a clergyman. Therefore, after one year at the Stuttgart Gymnasium illustre, Mörike joined the Evangelical Seminary Urach, a humanist grammar school, in 1818 and from 1822 to 1826 attended the Tübinger Stift.[1] There, he scored low grades and failed the admission test to Urach Seminary, yet was accepted anyhow. At the Seminary he went on to study the classics, something that was to become a major influence on his writing, and he made the acquaintance of Wilhelm Hartlaub and Wilhelm Waiblinger. Afterwards he studied theology at the Seminary of Tübingen where he met Ludwig Bauer, David Friedrich Strauss and Friedrich Theodor Vischer.[2] Many of these friendships were long-lasting. In Tübingen, with Bauer, he invented the fairyland Orplid - see the poem Song Weylas (You are Orplid)[3] dating from 1831.
Mörike became a Lutheran pastor and, in 1834, he was appointed vicar of Cleversulzbach near Weinsberg, and, after his early retirement for reasons of health, in 1851 became professor of German literature at the Katharinenstift in Stuttgart. This office he held until he retired in 1866. He continued to live in Stuttgart until his death.
Works
Mörike was a member of the so-called Swabian school of writers around Ludwig Uhland. His poems (Gedichte, 1838), are mostly lyrical, yet often humorous and written in simple and seemingly everyday German. His ballad “Schön Rotraut” — opening with the line “Wie heisst König Ringangs Töchterlein?” — became a popular favorite.[2]
His first published work was the novel Maler Nolten (“The painter Nolten”, 1832), a Bildungsroman and fantastic tale about the life of a painter, and which revealed his imaginative power; it became fairly popular. The novella Mozart auf der Reise nach Prag (“Mozart on the way to Prague”, 1856) was a humorous examination of the problems of artists in a world uncongenial to art. It is frequently cited as his finest achievement.[2][4] He also wrote a somewhat fantastic Idylle vom Bodensee, oder Fischer Martin und die Glockendiebe (1846), the fairy tale Das Stuttgarter Hutzelmännlein (1855), and published a collection of hymns, odes, elegies, and idylls of the Greeks and Romans, entitled Klassische Blumenlese (1840). He also translated Anacreon and Theocritus into German.[5]
Mörike's Gesammelte Schriften (“Collected Writings”) were first published posthumously in 1878 (4 vols.). Later editions are those edited by R. Krauss (6 vols., 1905), and the Volksausgabe (“Popular edition”), published by Göschen (4 vols., 1905). Selections from his literary estate were published by R. Krauss in Eduard Mörike als Gelegenheitsdichter (1895), and his correspondence with Hermann Kurz, Moritz von Schwind, and Theodor Storm, by J. Bachtold (1885–1891); an edition of Mörike's Ausgewählte Briefe (“Selected letters”), in 2 vols., appeared 1903-1904.
His work was greatly praised by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein who recommended him to Bertrand Russell as
really a great poet and his poems are among the best things we have...the beauty of Mörike's work is very closely related to Goethe's.[6]
Musical settings
Many of his lyrics were set to music by Hugo Wolf,[7] Ludwig Hetsch and Fritz Kauffmann. Ignaz Lachner set to music his opera Die Regenbrüder.[5] Many of his poems became established folksongs.[4]
Notes
- ^ Reiner Strunk: Eduard Mörike, S. 17 ff.
- ^ a b c Hartmann, Jacob Wittmer (1920). . In Rines, George Edwin (ed.). Encyclopedia Americana.
- ^ Birgit Mayer: Eduard Mörike, p. 58
- ^ a b Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
- ^ a b Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). . The American Cyclopædia.
- ^ Wittgenstein, Ludwig (2003). Amélie, Rorty (ed.). Letter to Bertrand Russell. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 417.
- ^ Youens, Susan (2000). Hugo Wolf and his Mörike songs. Cambridge University Press. p. 7.
References
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mörike, Eduard Friedrich". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. This work in turn cites:
- F. Notter, Eduard Mörike (1875)
- H. Fischer, Eduard Mörike (1881)
- K. Fischer, E. Mörike (1901)
- H. Maync, E. Mörike (1902)
- K. Fischer, Mörikes künstlerisches Schaffen und dichterische Schöpfungen (1903)
External links
- Works by Eduard Mörike at Project Gutenberg
- Works by or about Eduard Mörike at the Internet Archive
- Works by Eduard Mörike at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- Poetry of Eduard Mörike in English Translation - Charles L. Cingolani
- Eduard Mörike at Find a Grave
- Eduard Mörike at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
- Free scores by Eduard Mörike in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)
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- Use dmy dates from February 2011
- 1804 births
- 1875 deaths
- People from Ludwigsburg
- 19th-century German poets
- German monarchists
- People from the Kingdom of Württemberg
- German Lutheran clergy
- 19th-century Lutheran clergy
- Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
- German male poets
- German-language poets
- 19th-century German writers
- 19th-century male writers