Ercole Ferrata
Ercole Ferrata (Como, 1610 — Rome, 1686) was an Italian sculptor of the Roman Baroque.
Biography
Ferrata initially apprenticed with Alessandro Algardi, and became one of his prime assistants. When his mentor died, Ercole and another pupil, Domenico Guidi, completed Algardi's unfinished Vision of Saint Nicholas at San Nicola da Tolentino; ultimately, the innovative arrangement of two independent but interactive groups is Algardi's.
While Algardi generally adhered to a classical restraint similar to that of Francois Duquesnoy, Ferrata appears to bridge that serenity to the expressive emotionalism of Bernini. He is best known for two works in Sant'Agnese in Agone (Rome), the Bernini-inspired The Death of St Agnes[1] (1660-64) as well as the marble relief Stoning of St Emerenziana[2] (1660). The latter has a restraint influenced by his mentor, Algardi, although the superior half was completed by one of his pupils, Leonardo Retti in 1689-1709[3]. Under the leadership of Bernini, he sculpted the Angel with a Cross for the Ponte Sant'Angelo and reportedly completed the elephant statue holding the obelisk in front of Santa Maria sopra Minerva. Early in his career he worked with Cosimo Fanzago and Giuliano Finelli in Naples. He also made the statue of Saint Catherine of Siena [3] for the Chigi Chapel in the Duomo di Siena. With Francisco Aprile he sculpted Sant'Anastasia in Santa Anastasia in Rome
In 1673, when Cosimo III, Grand Duke of Tuscany established an informal academy in the Villa Madama in Rome, to give promising students an opportunity to study from antiquities, he placed it under the direction of Ercole Ferrata and the painter Cirro Ferri, who had been collaborating with Pietro da Cortona in frescoes for Palazzo Pitti [4]. In 1677, when the Grand Duke arranged to get his antique sculptures released from Rome, Ercole Ferrata was recalled to Florence to unpack and see to them. "A rather colourless, plodding sculptor whose gifts were best displayed in executing or imitating the conceptions of more imaginative artists, Ferrata nonetheless enjoyed a deserved reputation as an authority on the antique".[5]
When a headless torso had been discovered a few years previously, during the opening of a new road to the Chiesa Nuova, the Oratorians sent it to be "restored" by Ercole Ferrata, who essentially created the Faun Carrying a Kid, which after purchase by Queen Christina, was sold in 1724 to Philip V of Spain[6]. Ferrata is less known for the documented fact that he provided the elegant arms for the Venus de' Medici[7]. "He showed remarkable flair in making just the kind of attractive additions to a mutilated statue which most appealed to connoisseurs", according to Francis Haskell and Nicholas Penny.[8]
Of the generation after Bernini and Algardi, which included Domenico Guidi and Antonio Raggi, Ferrata lead the most successful studio for training sculptors. Ferrata's pupils included the Florentine Giovanni Battista Foggini as well as Melchiorre Caffà, who acted as Ercole's studio assistant. In addition he trained Leonardo Retti, Francesco Aprile, Michele Maglia, Filippo Carcani, Giuseppe Mazzuoli, Lorenzo Ottoni, and Giuseppe Rusnati[9]. Among his last pupils was Camillo Rusconi, who moved to Rome in 1686 to work briefly in Ferrata's studio.
Notes
Sources
- Web Gallery of Art: Ercole Ferrata
- Artcyclopedia: Ercole Ferrata
- Wittkower, Rudolf (1993). Pelican History of Art (ed.). Art and Architecture Italy, 1600-1750. 1980. pp. Penguin Books Ltd.
- Francis Haskell and Nicholas Penny, Taste and the Antique: The Lure of Ancient Sculpture 1500-1900. (Yale University Press) 1981.